RMUTP Research Journal Sciences and Technology

Effect of Wheat Flour Substitution with Riceberry Flour on Qualities of Tart Product

2024-09-17T10:48:15+07:00

This research aims to the study of effect of wheat flour substitution with riceberry flour on qualities of tart product. The basic tart product formula has the following ingredients: wheat flour 49%, sweetened condensed milk 6%, evaporated milk 5%, salted butter 32%, sugar 7%, and salt 1%. The basic tart formula was to study the wheat flour was replaced with riceberry flour in 4 labels 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The physical quality and sensory quality were assessed in comparison with the control sample (Basic formula). Then the developed tart product was studied in chemical composition compared with the control sample. The study found that when the amount of riceberry flour increased, the L* value and b* value of the tart product decreased with statistical significance at the (p≤0.05) level, while a* value and hardness values increased with statistical significance at the (p≤0.05) level. Tart products that use 50% riceberry flour instead of wheat flour have the most suitable physical quality and sensory quality. That had L* = 33.28, a* = 5.62, b* = 8.15, and hardness = 12.68 N, and the average sensory quality at 7.55 was moderate liking. The 50% riceberry flour in tart product was studied for chemical composition and compared with the control sample. The developed tart product had the higher anthocyanin, moisture, fat, and fiber (p≤0.05). Carbohydrates, protein, and ash were lower (p≤0.05).

A Program for Simulation of Peak Profile in Gas Chromatography

2024-12-12T16:22:04+07:00

Gas chromatography (GC) is a precise and effective technique that is used to identify chemical compositions of samples of compounds and quantitatively analyze volatile organic compounds or semi-volatile organic ones, such as fragrances, spices, fuel, and substances in the air. To effectively analyze samples of compounds and reduce interference, the parameters in GC (e.g., a column type, a column length, a column radius, a gas flow rate, and a rate of temperature increase) must be optimized to fit such compounds. This research aims to develop the program for simulating the analysis results of the compounds by using linear solvation energy relationship (LSER) and time summation model to simulate retention time (t_R). Plate Height Theory was used to simulate a peak width (). Gaussian equation was used to simulate peak intensity for each chromatogram peak in both isothermal process and temperature program. The analysis was conducted through Microsoft Excel and the results were shown in the form of a two-dimensional chromatogram. Theoretical findings from the chromatogram simulation of the compounds were compared with 2 published research, that study about the separation of n-alkane through the temperature-programmed GC. Results of the present study show that good linearity with correlation coefficient (R² = 0.9532 and 0.9896) from the correlation plot between simulated t_R and experimental t_R were achieved.

Application of Optimal Value Search Technique for Reservoir Rule Curves: A Case Study of Huai Luang

2025-01-28T11:34:38+07:00

This research focuses on the application of optimum search techniques in combination with reservoir system simulation models to find appropriate rule curves for reservoirs. It uses the objective function of finding the answer. The answer searched for is the average of the least water shortage, the frequency of water shortages is minimal and the average of the least overflowing water. This research uses analysis of historical inflows data each month that flows into the reservoir. Related to Huai Luang Reservoir, Khok Sa-at Subdistrict, Mueang District, Udon Thani Province for the period from 1984 to 2023, including information on water demand. and hydrological information This also includes physical information about the reservoir. These data are used to find appropriate models for creating curve rules to control water flow in reservoirs. In addition, a series of 1,000 monthly inflows events into the reservoir are simulated to evaluate the effectiveness of the rule curves generated from the model. This results in situations of water shortages and overflow. by specifying the time period of the event average water volume and maximum water volume. This research found that the rule curves of the reservoirs are similar and tend in the same direction. Although there are points with slightly different values. Testing and comparing the rule curves obtained from the Genetic algorithm (GA) and Wind Driven Optimization (WDO) models with the current rule curves. It was found that the rule curves obtained from the model had slightly better performance, with GA giving the best results and being suitable for normal water situations. The results indicate that the feasibility of using GA models to develop reservoir rule curves is highly feasible. This can lead to a significant improvement in the efficiency of the reservoir rule curves. and help to make water resource management in the future more efficient.

Arsenic Adsorption Kinetics of Biochar Derived from Longan Peel

2024-09-18T08:37:07+07:00

This research aims to study the arsenic adsorption ability and kinetics of biochar made from longan peel. The biochar made from longan peel was pyrolysed at 300 500 700 °C for 4 h and then was dehydrated in a hot air oven at 105 °C for 24 h and was put in a desiccant jar for 24 h. For the adsorption experiment, 50 ml arsenic solution was mixed with 10 g of biochar and was shaken for 0.5 1 2 4 6 12 and 24 h using speed of 200 rpm. The experimental results showed that the biochar made from longan peel at pyrolysis temperature of 300 °C and 500 °C at 24 h had the maximum adsorption value of 34.57% and 30.77%, respectively, and at pyrolysis temperature of 700 °C at 12 h had the maximum adsorption value of 98.71%. Furthermore, at pyrolysis temperature of 300 500 700 °C, the arsenic adsorption kinetics of biochar made from longal peel were consistent with the Pseudo-second order equation and the arsenic adsorption quantities at the equilibrium point were found to be equal to 98.04, 78.12 and 238.10 mg/g, respectively.

Development and Efficiency Evaluation of Mobile Hybrid Power Supply

2025-04-08T17:07:21+07:00

This research focuses on the development and performance evaluation of a portable hybrid power supply, which can be charged from both household electricity (AC) and solar power systems (DC). The prototype is compact, portable, and capable of delivering electrical energy to both alternating current (AC) appliances with pure sine wave output and various electronic devices such as smartphones and laptops. The findings reveal that the hybrid power supply achieved an average energy conversion efficiency of 78.70 ± 1.79% when charged using household electricity and 77.92 ± 2.05% when charged via a solar power system. Under the condition of daily energy consumption of approximately 1 kilowatt-hour (kWh), the system can operate continuously for up to three days. Regarding operating costs, the hybrid system proves to be more economical than conventional fuel-based generators, particularly when integrated with solar panels. The cost of electricity production is significantly reduced. Furthermore, a cost-benefit analysis indicates that the investment in this hybrid power system is highly cost-effective, with a payback period of only 9.8 to 11.9 months, depending on the proportion of charging from household electricity and solar power. In the case of using 100% solar energy for charging, the system can reduce annual electricity costs by up to approximately 7,998 THB, compared to using a conventional gasoline generator.

A Numerical Study of Natural Ventilation in Building by Using Roof Solar Collector with Single-Air Channel (RSC-SC)

2023-09-18T10:28:35+07:00

This study investigates the impact of solar radiation intensity and the geometrical parameters of a roof solar collector with a single-air channel (RSC-SC) on natural ventilation performance through numerical simulations. The mass flow rate of air was selected as the primary indicator of ventilation effectiveness. SolidWorks Flow Simulation was calibrated using the classical vertical heated plate problem, and three-dimensional airflow simulations were conducted for a model building sized 1x1x1 m, with perfectly insulated walls, floor, and ceiling. Key parameters examined include solar radiation intensity, inlet width, under-roof channel width, roof tilt angle, chimney height, and diffuser angle. The results revealed that all variables significantly enhanced the mass flow rate. For example, a 25 cm chimney increased airflow by 62% compared to no chimney; a 30-degree roof tilt improved airflow by 90% compared to a 15-degree tilt; increasing the under-roof channel width to 15 cm enhanced airflow by 47%; and a 9-degree diffuser angle increased airflow by 29%. Higher solar radiation intensity also corresponded to greater mass flow rates. The validity of the simulation results was confirmed through comparisons with both calibrated benchmark solutions and experimental data from previous studies. Consistent trends between simulations and experiments underscore the reliability of the simulation approach adopted in this research.

The Effects of Fabric Softener from Pineapple Bioextract on Tenacity and Stains Removal on Textiles

2025-02-19T09:18:16+07:00

The objectives of this research were to study the preparation methods of pineapple bioextract and the fabric softener from pineapple bioextract. It also investigated the effects of the fabric softener from pineapple bioextract on tenacity of fabrics, stains removal ability, and storage stability. The results showed that pineapple bioextract without bad smell was obtained by fermenting pineapple with White EM (White Effective Microorganisms) at room temperature for 23 days and could be used to produce fabric softener. Silk fabric soaked in fabric softener from pineapple bioextract had average tenacity more than those of soaking in commercial one both in warp and weft directions, whereas cotton and polyester fabrics were lessen. Fabric softener from pineapple bioextract did not significantly affect the tenacity of cotton, polyester, and silk fabrics at the .05 level. Additionally, fabric softener from pineapple bioextract could remove milk and chocolate stains on silk fabric.

Production of Biofuel Pellet by Blending Agricultural Residues

2025-02-06T15:18:29+07:00

Agricultural residues have significant potential as feedstock for biomass power plants. However, they have high variation of properties, compositions, and seasonal availability. Blending material becomes a promising strategy for addressing these limitations and improving the energy efficiency of residues. This study examines the properties and characteristics of five biomass materials including rice stubble (RB), rice straw (RW), sugar cane leaves (SL), cassava leaves (CL), and cassava rhizome (CR). Material blending strategy is examined based on seasonal availability in order to produce biomass pellet. RB, RW, and SL are categorized as the primary materials, with the remaining materials serving as supplements. The results show that CL, SL, and CR have the highest Higher Heating Value (HHV) of 19.29, 17.49, and 16.92 MJ/kg, respectively. Meanwhile, RB and RW show lower HHV levels (14.20 MJ/kg and 14.31 MJ/kg, respectively), which are below the heat standard of biomass pellet. To improve the energy property of pellets, the biomass blending techniques were suggested. The two-type blending technique reveals that SL:RW at 80:20 ratio has the maximum heat value of 16.08 MJ/kg. Three-type blending shows that SL:RW:RB in a 60:20:20 ratio has the highest heat value (15.68 MJ/kg). The energy quality of pellet can be increased by blending with the higher HHV materials as supplements, such as CL and CR. For example, the RW:CL (50:50) produced the greatest HHV, 16.25 MJ/kg. The biomass blending approach can provide the solution to the seasonal variation of materials proposed as an alternative use of residues to produce fuels and reduce material shortages and storage costs. Using agricultural wastes has a number of environmental benefits, including reducing harvesting burning, providing a carbon-neutral fuel supply, and promoting the circular economy.

Using the Convolution Neural Network (YOLOv8) with Cartesian Robot for Automatic Disease Detection and Watering

2025-06-04T08:38:09+07:00

Currently, smart farm has influence to more agriculture. Due to production costs have decreased and productivity has increased. However, the study found that diseases occurring in plants still require human observation. A convolutional neural network (YOLOv8) with a cartesian robot for automatic disease detection and watering is proposed in this research. Which species of cactus are used as experimental model in this research. When the soil moisture falls below the target level, the robot is moved to the target location to watering the plants and collect images for disease detection using artificial intelligence. In case a disease is detected, the robot displays an alert on the LINE application and moves the injector to target position to spray disease eradication. During the research process, the robot moves to each target location and collects images of cactuses. After that, artificial intelligence is used for disease detection and measuring the usage time. Subsequently, the disease detection results from the before and after images are validated. The results indicated that the average prediction time was approximately 0.57 seconds and the accuracy was 90 percentage.

A Study of the Efficiency of Fuel Rods Using the Carbonization Process

2025-04-22T15:11:03+07:00

This study aims to investigate the carbonization process to improve the thermal efficiency of sawdust fuel briquettes using a cold screw compaction technique. The briquettes were produced using a single-phase electric motor (3 HP) operating at a screw speed of 210 RPM. Molasses was used as a binder, mixed with water in two proportions (60:40 and 70:30), and combined with biomass at various ratios: 100:0, 95:5, 90:10, 85:15, and 80:20. The physical properties evaluated included heating value, amount of heat , and thermal efficiency. The experimental results revealed that the carbonization process significantly increased the calorific value of the briquettes due to the higher carbon content, albeit with a reduction in overall yield. Among the tested conditions, the briquettes produced with an 80:20 biomass-to-binder ratio and subjected to carbonization exhibited the highest performance, yielding an energy content of 22.46 kJ, a calorific value of 19.80 MJ/kg, and a thermal efficiency of 72.44%. These findings suggest that carbonization can effectively enhance the fuel properties of sawdust briquettes, with the 80:20 ratio offering an optimal balance between energy performance and material utilization.

Development of Crispy Wolffia Snack

2025-04-04T09:29:56+07:00

The development of crispy wolffia snack, which is a small aquatic plant found in local water. It has high nutritional and protein. This research to study the development of crispy wolffia snack, evaluate sensory qualities, study the physical chemistry and proximate of products. The results of study found that formula B. Then the ratio of wolffia studied at 3 levels: 20, 25 and 30 percent, respectively. Sensory evaluation by 9-point hedonic scale. Panelists with the 20 percent increase of wolffia, with the product was appropriate because the highest average sensory rating scale. The wolffia snack well, puffed up, brightly green, smell and taste good, thin and crispy. When the physical test of the product was performed, it was found that the lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*) decreased, while the greenness (a*) increased; the moisture and a_w increased, because wolffia in product. The chemical compositions of the product from air fryer including moisture, fat, protein, ash, fiber and carbohydrate were 1.01, 0.21, 3.79, 3.36, 9.24 and 91.39 %, respectively.

Effect of Pretreatment using Microwave and Puffing Technique on the Quality of Dried Carrots

2025-06-24T10:16:00+07:00

Puffing is a technique used to enhance the crispness and textural quality of dried carrots. Nevertheless, high temperature puffing accelerates non-enzymatic browning reactions. A pretreatment method that is appropriate is necessary to mitigate this issue. The objective of this work was therefore to study the effects of microwave blanching time (1, 2, and 3 minutes), puffing temperature (140, 150, and 160 °C), and puffing time (1, 2, and 3 minutes) on carrot qualities such as colour, and textural property. The optimisation using response surface methodology was used for a trade-off between colour and textural properties. To obtain a good quality product should be operated at the microwave blanching for 2 minutes, a puffing temperature of 147.5 °C, and a puffing time of 1.75 minutes. Due to these parameters, the color difference value was 14.45 and the textural hardness was 8.29 N.

Effects of Chicken Breast Replacement with Cricket Powder on Physical, Chemical, and Sensory Quality of Sticky Rice Patty Burger dyed with Butterfly Pea Flower (Clitoria ternatea L.)

2025-04-04T09:30:31+07:00

This study aimed to develop burger patties made from cricket powder as an alternative protein source to replace chicken breast in butterfly pea flower sticky rice burgers, which use naturally dyed sticky rice with butterfly pea flower extract instead of bread. The experiment employed RD 6 sticky rice that had been dyed with 2% extract from butterfly pea flowers. It was steamed, shaped into burger buns, and paired with patties that replaced chicken breast with cricket powder at three different levels: 30%, 60%, and 90% of the weight of chicken breast. It was found that replacing chicken breast with 60% cricket powder yielded the best results. This patty had a protein content of 17.12%, a moisture content of 38.14%, a water activity (aw) of 0.90, a hardness of 19.27 Newtons, and an energy content of 274.34 kilocalories per 150 grams. It contained 0.36 micrograms of anthocyanins per gram, 11.11 milligrams of phenolic compounds (based on gallic acid) per 100 milliliters, and showed 37.56% antioxidant activity in DPPH tests and 5.31% in ABTS tests. Sensory quality evaluation using a 9-point hedonic scale showed high consumer preference (scores of 8.50 - 8.67). The product, packaged in 150-gram PET/PE bags and sold at 35 baht each, received 94% consumer acceptance and 88% purchase intent. This study demonstrates the potential to develop a new food product with nutritional value that is popular among consumers.

Development of a Centrifugal Rice Grain Sorting Machine

2025-01-28T11:24:12+07:00

This research focuses on the development of a rice grain sorting machine intended to remove contamination from rice after the milling process in small rice mills in rural areas. The machine operates on the concepts of centrifugal force and size sorting and utilises a series of nested sieves inside a circular tank. The sorting mechanism contains Sieve A, which separates impurities larger than rice grains; Sieve B, which sorts whole rice grains; Sieve C, which differentiates broken rice grains; and Sieve D, which collects broken rice and weed seeds that are smaller than broken rice grains. The study examined three factors: 1) pouring angle of the separation tank at 2°, 3°, and 4°; 2) tank rotational speeds at 15, 20, and 25 rpm; and 3) rice types, including jasmine and glutinous rice. Each experimental condition was replicated three times. Results showed that at a 2° angle, rice flows slowly, allowing more sorting time; at 15 rpm, low impact force reduces grain breakage, and jasmine rice sorts better than glutinous rice due to shape and size differences. Optimal conditions are a 2° pouring angle and 15 rpm rotational speed, providing separation efficiency of 95.5% for jasmine rice and 94.0% for glutinous rice, respectively.

The Effects of Boiling Times, Concentrations of Alkali and Enzyme Solutions on Yield, Length, and Linear Density of Insee 2 Sweet Corn Husk Fibers

2025-06-30T10:43:42+07:00

This study aimed to investigate the effects of boiling time, and concentrations of alkali and enzyme solution on the yield, length, and linear density of Insee 2 sweet corn husk fibers. The experiment included three factors: two alkali solution concentration levels (2.5 and 5.0 g/L), four boiling time levels (30, 60, 90, and 120 min), and two enzyme solution concentration levels (0.2% and 0.4% of fiber weight). A 2 × 4 × 2 factorial experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD). Data were analyzed using means, standard deviations, three-way analysis of variance, and mean comparisons using the least significant difference (LSD) method. The fiber bundles extracted from dried corn husks produced average fiber yields of 24.18%–86.67%, fiber lengths of 125.13–140.98 mm, and fiber linear density of 31.19–64.32 tex. Analysis of variance revealed that the alkali solution concentration and boiling time significantly affected the yield, length, and linear density of the fibers (p .05). The enzyme solution concentration significantly affected the yield and linear density of the fibers (p .05) but did not affect the fiber length (p > .05). The interaction between alkali solution concentration and boiling time significantly affected fiber yield (p .05) but had no effect on fiber length and linear density (p > .05). Additionally, the yield, length, and linear density of the fibers were not significantly affected by the interactions between alkali solution concentration and enzyme solution concentration, boiling time and enzyme solution concentration, and the three-way interaction among all factors (p > .05).

Comparison of GM(1,1), DGM(1,1), FGM(1,1), and FDGM(1,1) Models for Forecasting Breast Cancer Cases

2025-09-05T09:03:00+07:00

The objective of this study is to compare the forecasting performance of four time series models for predicting the number of breast cancer patients. The models considered include the Grey Model GM(1,1), the Discrete Grey Model DGM(1,1), the Fourier Grey Model FGM(1,1), and the Fourier Discrete Grey Model FDGM(1,1). The FGM(1,1) and FDGM(1,1) models were enhanced using Fourier series to improve forecasting accuracy. Annual data from the National Cancer Institute were used for the analysis. Model performance was evaluated using the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). The results show that the FDGM(1,1) model achieved the highest accuracy, with a MAPE value of 15.25%, whereas the GM(1,1), DGM(1,1), and FGM(1,1) models yielded MAPE values of 17.78%, 17.41%, and 15.49%, respectively. According to the National Statistical Office’s criteria, a MAPE between 10% and 20% indicates a reasonably accurate forecasting model. Therefore, it can be concluded that, for this study, the FDGM(1,1) model is the most appropriate choice for forecasting the number of breast cancer patients.