Seismic Performance Evaluation of RC Bridges by IDA of Single-Run ESDOF and ISA
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study aims to present the applicability of incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) of equivalent single degree of freedom (ESDOF) and incremental static analysis (ISA) by incremental capacity spectrum method (ICSM) for evaluating the seismic performance of single column bridges. A lateral load pattern that includes higher mode effect for single-run displacement-based nonlinear static analysis to evaluate the lateral behavior of multi-degree of freedom (MDOF) analytical model is proposed. The failure criteria include the interaction of axial force and bidirectional moments, shear failure and column drift limit. The efficiency of the proposed load pattern is investigated through evaluating seismic performance of the typical single column bridge with three different column heights in Bangkok, Thailand. The results show that the different load patterns result in difference capacity and stiffness of ESDOF. The results also show that the IDA of ESDOF with the proposed load pattern can be used efficiently and accurately for all studied bridges compared with IDA of MDOF. Moreover, using IDA of ESDOF for evaluating the seismic performance of the studied bridges can reduce the computational time about 15 times per load case compared with IDA of MDOF. The ISA by ICSM also reduces the computational time because the nonlinear time history analysis is not required for this method. However, the ISA by ICSM shows acceptable results only for the studied bridge with high first-mode participating mass ratio. The results also show that the spectrum acceleration of MDOF at collapse are 0.746g, 1.130g, and 0.461g for the studied bridges with 4.5 m., 6.3 m., and 15 m. column heights, respectively.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Applied Technology Council (ATC). Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Concrete Buildings (ATC-40). 1996.
Krawinkler H. and Seneviratna G. D. P. K. Pros and cons of a pushover analysis of seismic performance evaluation. Engineering Structures. 1998;20(4-6):452-64.
Chopra A.K. and Goel R.K. Capacity-demand-diagram methods for estimating seismic deformation of inelastic structures: SDF systems (PEER1999/02). Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center: University of California Berkeley, C.A.: 1999.
Chopra A.K. and Goel R.K. A modal pushover analysis procedure to estimate seismic demands for buildings (PEER2001/03). Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center: University of California Berkeley, C.A.: 2001.
Fajfar P. Capacity spectrum method based on inelastic demand spectra. Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics. 1999;28:979-93.
Vamvatsikos D. and Cornell C.A. Incremental dynamic analysis. Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics. 2002;31:491-514.
Mander J.B. Dhakal R.P. Mashiko N. and Solberg K.M. Incremental dynamic analysis applied to seismic financial risk assessment of bridges. Engineering Structures. 2007;29:2662-72.
Vejdani-Noghreiyan H.R. and Shooshtari A. Comparison of exact IDA and approximate MPA-based IDA for reinforced concrete frames. Proceedings of the 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Beijing, October 2008.
Tehrani P. and Mitchell D. Seismic performance assessment of bridges in montreal using incremental dynamic analysis. Proceedings of the 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Lisbon, September 2012.
Tehrani P. and Mitchell D. Seismic response of bridges subjected to different earthquake types using IDA. Journal of Earthquake Engineering. 2013;17:423-48.
Alembagheri M. and Ghaemian M. Damage assessment of a concrete arch dam through nonlinear incremental dynamic analysis. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. 2013;44:127-37.
Nazari Y.R. and Bargi Kh. Seismic performance assessment of a two span bridge by applying incremental dynamic analysis. Asian Journal of Civil Engineering. 2014;15(1):1-8.
Dolsek M. and Fajfar P. IN2-A Simple alternative for ida. Proceedings of the 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Vancouver, Canada 2013.
Vamvatsikos D. and Cornell C.A. Seismic Performance, Capacity and Reliability of Structures as Seen through Incremental Dynamic Analysis. Report No. 151; 2005.
Mofid M. Zarfam P. and Fard B.R. On the modal incremental dynamic analysis. The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings. 2005;14(4):315-29.
Han S.W. and Chopra A.K. Approximate incremental dynamic analysis using modal pushover analysis procedure. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 2006;35:1853-73.
Han S.W. Moon K.H. and Chopra A.K. Application of MPA to estimate probability of collapse of structures. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 2010;39:1259-78.
Zarfam P. and Mofid M. On the modal incremental dynamic analysis of reinforced concrete structures, using a trilinear idealization model. Engineering Structures. 2011;33:1117-22.
Chomchuen P and Boonyapinyo V. Incremental dynamic analysis with multi-modes for seismic performance evaluation of RC bridges, Engineering Structures. 2017;132:29-43.
Vielma JC, Porcu MC, and López N. Intensity Measure Based on a Smooth Inelastic Peak Period for a More Effective Incremental Dynamic Analysis. Applied Sciences. 2020;10(23):8632.
Singh G. Fragility Assessment of RC Structure using Incremental Dynamic Analysis Considering Variability of Ground Motion, Damping and Soil Parameters [Master Thesis]. Mumbai: Homi Bhabha National Institute; 2021.
Miari M and Jankowski R. Incremental dynamic analysis and fragility assessment of buildings founded on different soil types experiencing structural pounding during earthquakes, Engineering Structures. 2022; 252:113-8.
Qu J and Pan C. Incremental Dynamic Analysis Considering Main Aftershock of Structures Based on the Correlation of Maximum and Residual Inter-Story Drift Ratios. Applied Sciences. 2022;12(4):2042.
Felice G.D. and Giannini R. An efficient approach for seismic fragility assessment with application to old reinforced concrete bridges. Journal of Earthquake Engineering 2010;14(2):231-51.
Akbari R. Seismic fragility analysis of reinforced concrete continuous span bridges with irregular configuration. Structure and Infrastructure Engineering: Maintenance, Management, Life-Cycle Design and Performance. 2012;8(9):873-89.
Sadan O.B. Petrini L. and Calvi G.M. Direct displacement-based seismic assessment procedure for multi-span reinforced concrete bridges with single-column piers. Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics. 2013;42:1031-51.
Jeon J.S. Shafieezadeh A. Lee D.H. Choi E. and DesRoches R. Damage assessment of older highway bridges subjected to three-dimensional ground motions: Characterization of shear–axial force interaction on seismic fragilities. Engineering Structures. 2015;87:47-57.
Aviram A. Mackie K.R. and Stojadinovic B. Guidelines for nonlinear analysis of bridge structures in california (PEER2008/03). Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center: University of California Berkeley; 2008.
Yazdani N. Eddy S. and Cai C.S. Effect of bearing pads on precast prestressed concrete bridges. Journal of Bridge Engineering. 2000;5(3):224-32.
Thammasat University Research and Consultancy Institute (TU-RAC). Inspection and Methodology for Replacing Bearing Pads of Expressway in Thailand. Pathumthani, Thailand. 2007. (in Thai).
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). LRFD bridge design specifications. 5th Edition, Washington, DC, USA. 2010.
Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). Seismic retrofitting manual for highway structures: part 1-bridges. Buffalo, NY, USA. 2006.
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Prestandard and commentary for the seismic rehabilitation of buildings (FEMA 356). Washington, DC, USA. 2000.
Kunnath S.K. Identification of modal combinations for nonlinear static analysis of building structures. Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering. 2004;19:282-95.
Hazus. Hazus-MH 2.1 Technical Manual. Washington, DC, USA. 2003.
Chomchuen P. Seismic performance evaluation and improvement of regular reinforced concrete bridges [Ph.D. thesis]. Pathumthani: Thammasat University; 2015.
Department of Public Works and Town & Country Planning (DPT). Seismic resistance design standard (DPT-1302-52). Bangkok, Thailand. 2009. (in Thai).
Computers & Structures (CSI). SAP2000 analysis reference. Berkeley, CA, USA. 2011.
Baker J. W. Efficient analytical fragility function fitting using dynamic structural analysis. Earthquake Spectra. 2015;31(1):579-99.
Porter K. Kennedy R. and Bachman R. Creating fragility function for performance-based earthquake engineering. Earthquake Spectra. 2007; 23(2): 471-89.
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Recommended seismic design criteria for new steel moment-frame building (FEMA 350). Washington, DC, USA. 2000.
Nielson B.G. and DesRoches R. Seismic fragility methodology for highway bridges using component level approach. Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics. 2007; 36(6): 823-39.