Quality Control of Jatropha Podagrica Ethanolic Extract and Stability Testing Under Accelerated Conditions:

Reawfang  Sriyom; Arunporn  Itharat; Onmanee  Prajuabjinda

Authors

Reawfang Sriyom Student, Doctor of Philosophy Program in Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University
Arunporn Itharat Professor, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Thailand
Onmanee Prajuabjinda Associate Professor, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Thailand

Keywords:

Jatropha podagrica, Quality control, Stability testing

Abstract

Jatropha podagrica Hook has been used for treating skin cancer and wound healing for a long time. However, there is currently a lack of scientific reports on stability testing and quality control. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the quality control of plants and stability under accelerated conditions. Quality control, including loss on drying, extractive values, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, and heavy metals of raw materials, was evaluated as specified in the Thai Herbal pharmacopoeia. The stem ethanolic extract (SME) was tested for stability by being kept for 180 days at 40 ± 2 °C and 75 ± 5% relative humidity. The survival of amelanotic melanoma (C32 cell line) using Sulphorhodamine B (SRB) assay was assessed for cytotoxic activity. Fraxetin and tomentin were dominant compounds in J. podagrica, which were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results revealed that raw materials met the requirements of THP. In addition, SME was exposed to accelerated conditions for 6 months. The results indicated that after 120 days, fraxetin exhibited a decreasing trend, though not statistically significant compared to day 0, while tomentin remained relatively stable. In contrast, the IC₅₀ of SME increased significantly from day 0 (p < 0.01), suggesting reduced biological activity. These findings indicate that SME is not suitable for storage at room temperature for up to 2 years. Therefore, long-term stability studies are necessary to determine optimal storage conditions and prevent extract degradation.

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