KKU Research Journal (Graduate Studies)

Editorial Note

Professor Dr.Wittaya Ngeontae — Wed, 15 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0700

วารสารวิจัย มข. (ฉบับบัณฑิตศึกษา) สาขาวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี ฉบับนี้เป็นฉบับสุดท้ายของปี พ.ศ.2567 ฉบับที่ 4 ตุลาคม-ธันวาคม 2567 ยังคงพัฒนาคุณภาพทางวิชาการอย่างต่อเนื่อง เพื่อเป็นแหล่งตีพิมพ์บทความวิจัยและเผยแพร่ผลงานวิจัยของนักวิจัย ทั้งภายในและภายนอกที่ได้มาตรฐาน บทความทุกเรื่องต้องได้รับการประเมินโดยผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิทั้งภายใน และภายนอกมหาวิทยาลัยขอนแก่น (Peer Review) ก่อนการตีพิมพ์อย่างน้อย 3 ท่าน ที่มาจากหลากหลายสถาบันและไม่มีส่วนได้ส่วนเสียกับผู้เขียนหลักและผู้เขียนร่วมทุกคนในบทความเรื่องดังกล่าว และต้องมีความเชี่ยวชาญในศาสตร์ที่สอดคล้องกับงานวิจัยในบทความที่ส่งมา ผู้พิจารณาจะไม่ทราบชื่อผู้แต่งและผู้แต่งจะไม่ทราบชื่อผู้พิจารณา (Double-Blind Peer Review) และได้รับการกลั่นกรองคุณภาพจากกองบรรณาธิการอย่างเข้มข้น

ฉบับนี้ได้รวบรวมบทความที่น่าสนใจอีกเช่นเคย จำนวนทั้งสิ้น 15 บทความ เช่นเคย อาทิเช่น เรื่อง การประยุกต์ใช้การเรียนรู้แบบถ่ายโอนเชิงลึกในการจำแนกประเภทเสียงทางเดินหายใจในเด็ก เรื่อง นโนบายการกำหนดตำแหน่งการจัดเก็บสินค้าภายในคลังสินค้าตามระยะเวลาการวาง: กรณีศึกษาของคลังสินค้าของบริษัทเครื่องดื่มแห่งหนึ่ง ในภาคตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือของประเทศไทย เรื่อง ผลของการใช้นวัตกรรมที่รองแขนเก้าอี้ต่อความเสี่ยงทางการยศาสตร์และความไม่สุขสบายร่างกายขณะใช้งานคอมพิวเตอร์ เรื่อง ปัจจัยแห่งความสำเร็จและสุนทรียทักษะภาวะผู้นำที่มีผลต่อการปฏิบัติงานตามมาตรฐานบริการกายภาพบำบัดของนักกายภาพบำบัด ในโรงพยาบาลชุมชน เขตสุขภาพที่ 7 เรื่อง ความสะอาดของขนมหวานเย็น (น้ำแข็งไสและบิงซู) ที่จำหน่ายในพื้นที่ท่องเที่ยวแห่งหนึ่ง และเรื่อง การประเมินความล้าของกล้ามเนื้อโดยคลื่นไฟฟ้ากล้ามเนื้อของพนักงานในอุตสาหกรรมประกอบชิ้นส่วนอิเล็กทรอนิกส์

ในโอกาสนี้กองบรรณาธิการวารสารวิจัย มข. (ฉบับบัณฑิตศึกษา) ยังเปิดรับบทความจากนักวิจัย และบุคคลทั่วไป ที่มีความสนใจในการเผยแพร่ผลงานวิจัยในลักษณะบทความวิชาการ บทความวิจัยสื่อสารอย่างสั้น และบทความปริทัศน์ ในสาขาวิชาวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี วิทยาศาสตร์สุขภาพ และวิศวกรรมศาสตร์ และขออนุญาตเชิญชวนผู้สนใจสามารถศึกษารายละเอียดเพิ่มเติมและสมัครตีพิมพ์บทความวิจัยผ่านระบบออนไลน์ของวารสารเท่านั้น จาก https://journal.gs.kku.ac.th/gs และ https://www.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/gskku/user/register วารสารวิจัย มข. (ฉบับบัณฑิตศึกษา)

Deep Transfer Learning for Pediatric Respiratory Sound Classification

Sapon Srilomsak, Pradya Prempraneerach, Supawadee Tubglam, Khunakon Anuwatpanich — Wed, 15 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in infants are a major global health problem that can lead to illness and death. The cause of infections can be from a variety of bacteria or viruses, resulting in different breathing sounds. Diagnosis of LRTIs in infants is complex because lungs and heart are close together. This study emphasized on a development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems for classifying infant breathing sounds using Deep Transfer Learning (DTL) techniques. Five DTL models: VGG-16, VGG-19, EfficientNet B0, EfficientNet B7, and MobileNet were applied to classify respiratory-sound images in both frequency and time domains for 5 different types of respiratory sounds: Normal, Crackle, Rhonchi, Stridor and Wheezing. MobileNet model achieves the highest accuracy of more than 80%, comparing to the other 4 DTL models. Thus, MobileNet model has a strong potential to be used for assisting medical personnel to accurate diagnosis of LRTIs in infants and enabling appropriate and timely treatment.

Study of The Settlement Behavior of Bridge Pile Foundations Frome the Dissolution of Salt Layer by Finite Element Method

Supharoek Klachanchai, Siwadol Saenseela, Pongsagorn Poungchompu — Wed, 15 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The objective of this research was to study settlement of bridge pile foundations from the dissolution of salt layers on Highway No. 2229 Km 4+075 and Km 4+285, Kut Ruea Kham Sub-district, Wanon Niwat District, Sakon Nakhon Province by the finite element method using Plaxis 2D program to compare with data in the field. From a study of bridge settlement in case of hole formation in salt layers, it was found that vertical settlement caused cracks at foundation head beams due to tensile force between collapsed bridge floors with difference. Horizontal soil movement caused bridge pier rows 3 to 6 and rows 8 to 11 to move towards bridge pier 7 and shear force in the piles at the original soil level. Settlement analysis by the finite element method revealed that the hole of 47.00 m width caused the highest bridge surface settlement equal to the value in the field. Comparison of subsidence values It was found that the vertical subsidence of the road had the highest subsidence value. Next is the bridge. with maximum subsidence values of 0.73 meters and 0.66 meters, respectively, and calculated as annual average subsidence values of 16 cm./year and 14 cm./year, respectively.

A Duration-of-stay-based Storage Assignment Policy in a Warehouse: A Case Study of the Warehouse of a Beverage Company in the Northeast of Thailand

Kittipit Lertlum, Thanawath Niyamosoth, Krittipat Chuenphitthayavut — Wed, 15 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0700

In this paper, a duration-of-stay-based storage assignment policy in a warehouse is proposed. The purpose of this policy is to reduce the traveling distance of the pickers in the picking activity. A warehouse of a beverage company located in the northeast of Thailand is used as the case study. The result of the study shows that by applying the proposed policy, the traveling distance of the pickers will decrease by 186,751.524 meters/month or 14.59%. Besides, this proposed policy allows employees to work more conveniently since each product type is stored in the dedicated area according to the duration-of-stay of the product.

The Effects of Cannabis Oil (Dejas formula) on Enhancing Working Memory of People with Insomnia at Thai Traditional Medical Cannabis Clinic, Phanat Nikhom Hospital, Chonburi Province

Wed, 15 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The objectives of this research were to study the effects of cannabis oil (Dejas formula) on enhancing the working memory of people with insomnia at Thai traditional medical cannabis clinic, Phanat Nikhom hospital, Chonburi province. They were a total of 70 individuals, divided into two equal groups. The experimental group received cannabis oil (Dejas formula) in combination with sleep hygiene practices. The control group received placebo along with sleep hygiene practices. Working memory were assessed by backward digit span task (BDST) on the computer screen. The research found that the experimental group had higher adjusted means of accuracy score than those of the control group at the significance (F=17.403, p <.01, h²=.222) when controlling for the influence of accuracy score before the experiment. There were 5 cases of side effects (16.13%), including constipation in 3 cases and dry throat in 2 cases. Research results can support the benefits of cannabis oil (Dejas formula) further enhances the working memory of people with insomnia.

Effects of an Innovation Chair Armrests on ROSA and Discomfort in the Body

Kunavut Vannajak, Pimonpan Taweekarn, Wirasinee Srijunto, Sudarat Boonpitak — Wed, 15 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The study aimed to compare the effects of an office chair and an innovative chair with armrests on ergonomic risks and body discomfort. Participants were randomly assigned chairs for initial use. Ergonomic risks were evaluated using the Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA), with ROSA scores and discomfort levels measured before and after a 30-minute typing session on a computer. Following a rest period to recover from fatigue, participants switched chairs, and the procedure was repeated. ROSA scores showed no statistically significant differences within or between groups. However, discomfort levels varied between groups, particularly in the back, elbows, wrists, and hands, with no significant differences noted in the neck and shoulders. The use of the innovation chair armrest may potentially reduce discomfort, thereby aiding in the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders.

COVID-19 Prevention Behavior and Quality of Life among University Students Living in Dorms during the COVID-19 Endemic Situation

Wed, 15 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to evaluate the COVID-19 prevention behavior and quality of life (QoL) among undergraduate students residing in Nopparat dormitory at Khon Kaen University in Thailand. Additionally, the study identifies the factors related to COVID-19 prevention behavior and QoL during the endemic. The inclusion criteria were Thai undergraduate students enrolled in the first semester of 2023 who currently reside in Nopparat dormitory and are willing to participate. The WINPEPPI program calculated 253 samples, and the data collected was through an online self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were applied for data analysis. The response rate was 99.2%, and most of the sample was female (67.7%), with a mean age of 19.9 (SD 1.4) years old. The study found that 57.4% (95% CI 50.99, 63.52) of participants exhibited a fair level of COVID-19 prevention behaviors, and 84.9% (95% CI 79.68, 88.94) had a good level of QoL during the endemic. The study shows that the perceived social support from friends is significantly related to COVID-19 prevention behavior. Additionally, the presence of underlying illnesses, feelings of sadness, depression, and hopelessness experienced in the last two weeks, perception of receiving advice and care from friends, quality of sleep, and smoking status were related to the level of QoL (p-value < 0.05). This study provides valuable information to improve COVID-19 prevention programs, enhance the quality of life for university students, and significant related factors are recommended for intervention.

Leadership Soft Skills and Administrative Factors Affecting to the Performance of Thai Traditional Medicine in Community Hospitals Public Health in Region 10

Rutthi Sinthusriwisarn, Surachai Phimha, Kannika Sirichan — Wed, 15 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This cross-sectional descriptive research aimed to explore the influence of leadership soft skills and administrative factors on the performance of Thai traditional medicine in community hospitals public health region 10. Out of a population of 139, a total of 117 individuals participated in the study, utilizing questionnaires and in-depth interviews, including insights from 12 key informants. The research employed both descriptive and inferential statistical analyses, by Pearson’S Product Moment Correlation Coefficient and Stepwise Multiple Linear Regression Analyses. The results indicate elevated perceived levels of leadership soft skills, administrative factors, and Thai traditional medicine performance, with means of 4.03 (S.D.=0.60), 4.10 (S.D.=0.57), and 4.15 (S.D.=0.54), respectively. Additionally, the study identified that time management, leadership soft skills, teamwork, budget management, and technological management were significantly influenced and could collectively predict the performance of Thai traditional medicine in community hospitals region 10, accounting for 66.5% of the variance (R²=0.665). Administrators and related agencies ought to plan, monitor, and evaluate the time usage in the work performance of Thai traditional medicine, promoting of efficiency in coordination, and budget management factor in the work performance of Thai traditional medicine.

Success Factors and Aesthetic Leadership Skills Influencing the Quality of Work Life of Health Officers at Sub-district Health Promotion Hospitals in Mukdahan Province

Kobsak Pimanpang, Prachak Bouphan, Nopparat Senahad — Wed, 15 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0700

ABSTRACT

This descriptive cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the success factors and aesthetic leadership skills that influence the quality of work life (QWL) among health officers at Sub-district Health Promotion Hospitals in Mukdahan Province. The study population comprised of 749 health officers, with a stratified random sample of 143 participants. Data collection involved quantitative data from structured questionnaires and qualitative data from in-depth interviews with 12 participants. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis, with a significance level set at 0.05. The results indicated high levels of success factors, aesthetic leadership skills, and QWL, with mean scores of 4.07 (S.D. = 0.50), 4.09 (S.D. = 0.43), and 4.02 (S.D. = 0.45), respectively. Three variables-self-development leadership skills, success factors related to service and health network connectivity, and communication leadership skills-collectively predicted and influenced QWL among health officers, accounting for 54.4% of the variance (R² = 0.544, p-value < 0.001)

Key Success Factors and Leadership Soft Skills Affecting the Performance of Service Through Standard Physical Therapy Guideline of Physical Therapist at Community Hospitals Health Region 7

Kanit Tipruetree, Nakarin Prasit, Ampawan Nonthamat — Wed, 15 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This cross-sectional analytical research aimed to study key success factors and leadership soft skills affecting the performance of service through standard physical therapy guideline of physical therapist at community hospital health region 7. The populations were 219 personnels and 187 samples were selected by stratified random sampling and collected the data by questionnaire. The questionnaire was examined and verified by the 3 experts for content validity, where all items were greater than 0.50 and the test for reliability with cronbach’s alpha coefficient try out by 30 Physical Therapist at Community Hospitals Health Region 8 with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.988. The data was collected between 17^th January 2024 to 17^th February 2024. The data distribution was performed by descriptive statistics and Inferential statistics. The results showed that the level of overall key success factors, the level of overall leadership soft skills and the level of overall the performance of service through standard physical therapy guidelines were at a high level with averages of 4.04 (S.D.=0.48), 4.09 (S.D.= 0.51) and 4.28 (S.D.= 0.49) respectively. The overall key success factors and leadership soft skills had significant strong relationships with the performance of service through standard physical therapy guideline of physical therapist at community hospital health region 7 (r = 0.737, p-value < 0.001) and (r = 0.820, p-value < 0.001) respectively. The results found four variables of leadership soft skills; planning & organizing, Initiative skill, Teamwork and teach skill and two variables of key success factors; support agencies all levels have development plans and improvement in image of service place. Six variables could jointly predict the performance of service through standard physical therapy guideline of physical therapist at community hospital health region 7 at 75.3 percent (R²adj = 0.745)

Human Resource Management and Emotional Quotient Affecting the Executive Competency for the Directors of Sub-District Health Promoting Hospital in Udon Thani Province

Satit Kongha, Nakarin Prasit, Supat Kongsrima — Wed, 15 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This cross-sectional analytical research aimed to study human resource management and emotional quotient affecting the executive competency for the directors of sub-district health promoting hospital in Udon Thani province were 190 people. The data collected using questionnaire. The results showed that the level of overall human resource management, emotional quotient and the executive competency for the directors of sub-district health promoting hospital in Udon Thani province were at a high level; the average was 4.17 (S.D.=0.42) 4.25 (S.D.=0.40) 4.25 (S.D.=0.41) respectively. The overall human resource management and emotional quotient had significant strong relationships with the executive competency for the directors of sub-district health promoting hospital in Udon Thani province. (r = 0.682, p-value < 0.001) and (r = 0.693, p-value < 0.001) respectively. The results found that human resource management; human resource planning, compensation and welfare management, performance evaluation. And emotional quotient; self control, understanding the feelings of others that could predict the executive competency for the directors of sub-district health promoting hospital in Udon Thani province at 55.3 % (R²adj = 0.553)

Leadership Soft Skills and Key Success Factors Affecting The Participation of the Health Strategy Plan of The Directors at Sub-District Health Promoting Hospitals Sakon Nakhon Province

Nuttaporn Nidthumsakul, Prachak Bouphan, Nakarin Prasit — Wed, 15 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This cross-sectional descriptive research aimed to study leadership soft skills and key success factors affecting the participation of the health strategy plan of the directors at sub-district health promoting hospitals Sakon Nakhon province, Thailand. A set of 131 directors at sub-district health promoting hospitals was randomly selected by simple random sampling technique from 168 populations. The quantitative data was collected using questionnaires which was examined and verified by the three experts for content validity. The item objective congruence (IOC) was equal to 1 for all items and Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient was 0.98. and In-depth interview guidelines were used for collecting qualitative data. Data analysis was performed by descriptive and inferential statistics by Pearson’S Product Moment Correlation Coefficient and Stepwise Multiple Linear Regression Analysis. The results showed that the overall of leadership soft skills, key success factors and the participation of the health strategy plan of the directors at sub-district health promoting hospitals were at a high level with the average of 3.97 (S.D.=0.44), 3.98 (S.D.=0.48) and 4.00 (S.D.=0.47), respectively. Five variables composed of two variables of leadership soft skills; presentation skills and teamwork skills, three variables of key success factors; the development of health care facility images, the support unit at all level have planning support, implementation in areas that are readily and voluntary to participate affected and could jointly predict the participation of the health strategy plan of the directors at Sub-district health promoting hospitals Sakon Nakhon province at 80.5% (R²=0.805, p-value<0.001)

The Motivation and Communication Affecting the Performance of Life Insurance Agents in Khon Kaen Province

Kannika Sirichan, Surachai Phimha, krissana Aunthakot, Rutthi Sinthusriwisarn — Wed, 15 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This cross-sectional descriptive research aimed at examining the impact of motivation and communication on the performance of life insurance agents in Khon Kaen province, focusing on agents form AIA company limited. A total of 253 personnel were selected a systematic random sampling technique from a population of 1300 by systematic random sampling. Research instruments included questionnaire and in-depth interview guidelines from 12 key informants. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed, by Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient and Stepwise multiple linear regression analyses. revealing very high level of motivation, communication, and performance among the life insurance agents in Khon Kaen province, with mean scores of 4.35 (S.D.= 0.33), 4.47 (S.D.= 0.44), and 4.38 (S.D.= 0.35), respectively. The study found that four independent variables; motivation, operational stability and conditions, information data management, and electronic communications significantly influenced and predicted the performance of life insurance agents in Khon Kaen province, explaining 22.1 % of the variance (R²=0.221). The administrators and leaders of insurance agencies should prioritize supporting, overseeing, and continuously monitoring service quality to ensure efficient performance.

Cleanliness of Cold Desserts (Shave Ice and Bingsu) Sold in a Tourist Area

Wed, 15 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0700

To study the sanitary conditions of food stores and the microbiological cleanliness of cold desserts in a tourist area using a food sanitation survey. Detection of coliform bacteria in ice mixed with sweetened water or milk ice using the MPN method. Detection of coliform bacteria in cold dessert side dishes using the SI-2 test kit and examination of yeast & mold in bread using the SPC method. The study's results found that the food sanitation requirements that should be improved include: Food handlers should wear an apron and a hat or hair net. Secondly, ice for consumption must be provided with a long-handled ice scoop or gloves when handling ice. Finally, cold dessert side dishes should be covered to prevent insects from transmitting disease. They performed correctly at 10, 60, and 70%, respectively. The results for ice mixed with sweetened water or milk ice revealed coliform bacteria contamination ranging from 2 to 430 MPN/100 ml. Examination of cold dessert side dishes revealed coliform bacteria contamination in 95.0, 83.3, 66.7, and 52.9% of fruit and fruit preserves, cereals, jelly, and bread respectively. Examination of yeast & mold in bread and other snacks found contamination ranging from less than 100 to 2.98 x 10⁷ CFU/g. Therefore, store operators must improve the food sanitation conditions of their stores. This includes using appropriate ice types for consumption and serving fresh and properly stored cold dessert side dishes.

Assessment of Muscle Fatigue Based on Electromyography in Electronic Assembly Industrial Workers

Pornpailin Tidaoon, Sunisa Chaiklieng — Wed, 15 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This cross-sectional descriptive study aimed to measure muscle fatigue using electromyography (EMG) among 46 winding process workers who winding without using the machine (manual handling) and winding using the machine in the electronic assembly industry. Data were collected by using an EMG, type surface electromyography in 2 parameters: Maximum Voluntary Contraction (MVC) and muscle fatigue (MF/Time slope). The results of the EMG measurement of the muscles in the upper back and lower back using the Maximum Voluntary Contraction (MVC) parameter. The %MVC value in winding using the machine workers in a sitting position (Upper back: left = 26.44 right = 26.32, lower back: left = 22.75 right = 22.11) was lower than in winding without using the machine workers in a standing position (Upper back: left = 32.92 right = 32.39, lower back: left = 33.64 right = 31.76). From the EMG measurement in the upper back, lower back, and shoulder by using the median frequency (MF/time slope) parameter, throughout 8 working hours, the average fatigue divided into morning and afternoon work periods, muscle fatigue values on both the left and right sides of the body winding without using the machine workers in a standing position (MF/time slope in morning: Upper back: left =-0.67 right =-1.22, lower back: left =-0.51 right =-0.61, shoulder: left =-0.23 right =-1.47, in afternoon: Upper back: left =-0.65 right =-0.81, lower back: left =-0.50 right =-0.83 shoulder: left =-0.84 right =-1.46) and winding using the machine workers in a sitting position (MF/time slope in morning: Upper back: left =0.49 right =0.42, lower back: left =0.16 right =0.16, shoulder: left =-0.06 right =-0.83, in afternoon: Upper back: left =-0.45 right =-0.84 lower back: left =-2.01 right =-2.05 shoulder: left =-0.72 right =-1.43), found that their fatigue values increased gradually over the duration of their work This study found that workers experienced muscle fatigue which may be due to the fact that standing work involves more exertion, and while the worker sits, the muscles are stimulated to contract for a longer period of time. Therefore, health monitoring plans for musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) should include physical exercise programs before, during, and after work in order to further promote muscle strength and endurance in workers.

Eye Fatigue of Workers in an Electronic Manufacturing Industry

Siripat Chuangkrud, Sunisa Chaiklieng — Wed, 15 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The objective was to study the eye fatigue of 300 workers in an electronics manufacturing industry. Data were collected using the structured questionnaire of eyes’ symptom, eye fatigue was measured by Critical Flicker Fusion (CFF) test, visual acuity examination. The results of the study found that 300 electronic workers had eye fatigue (42.00%), and the highest prevalence found at the winding, appearance inspection and packing processes, respectively. Adverse symptoms of eye fatigue during working or the end of day were mostly eye pain and eye irritation. Symptoms of eye fatigue at the end of the working day were found in every work group which had the highest prevalence with neck or shoulder pain in assembly and inspection group. Visual acuity was not suitable for the job which was found in 22.3% of workers. The most common visual abnormalities were farsightedness vision (22.66%), near sightedness vision (11.33%), and phoria (3.66%). The prevalence of eye fatigue and abnormal vision obtained can be used for annual health monitoring and health surveillance of electronic workers.