UTK RESEARCH JOURNAL

A A Development of Web Application for Car Storage Management and Notification via LINE

Rossanun Yodsakul — 2025-06-30

The aim of this research is to develop a web application for car storage management that utilizes online notification information via LINE and evaluate this application via testing and questionnaires. We designed and categorized this application users as three groups: service providers, monthly and daily customers. The service providers can register member and cars information, sign deposit contracts, accept payments, notify to monthly customers regarding payment times and the contract expire date. For daily customers, service providers can register and return cars information. notify the return dates and closing times. In addition, the service provider can print your deposit report, set store opening and closing times, set payment rate. For monthly customers, they can view contract information, payment information, receive notifications via LINE. And daily customers, they can receive the notifications via LINE.

The results of the research found that this web application can works properly. The evaluation results of 35 testers on the performance satisfaction of this application show that are at a satisfactory level, with an overall average of 4.39 and the standard deviation of 0.68. This web application can be used to simplify the management of car storage information. The further works can be developed in the automatic renewal section without entering into a new contract, thus making this web application complete and available for further use.

Antioxidant and anti-oral bacteria activities of Garcinia mangostana L. peel extract

Somphon Khonphian — 2025-06-30

This research studied the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial effects in the oral cavity of extracts from mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangostana L.). It was found that the extract from mangosteen peel had higher total phenolic and total flavonoid content compared to standard mangosteen extracts. The antioxidant activity tested using the DPPH radical scavenging assay showed that the mangosteen peel extract had better antioxidant potential than the standard extract. Additionally, the antibacterial activity in the oral cavity of the mangosteen peel extract, tested using the disc diffusion assay, showed an average inhibition zone diameter of approximately 9.27 mm. These results indicate that the mangosteen peel extract has potential for further development and serves as an alternative for use as an antibacterial agent in the oral cavity.

Effect of Plasma Activated Water on Inhibition of Microbial Cells in Green Oak Lettuce

Kamontip Preeprem — 2025-06-30

This study examines the effects of Plasma-Activated Water (PAW) on the inhibition of microbial growth in green oak leaf lettuce (Green Oak), a postharvest perishable crop prone to biochemical deterioration primarily caused by microbial contamination. Lettuce samples measuring 3 × 3 cm were collected from two cultivation methods: soil-based (N) and hydroponic (H). The PAW was generated using a prototype device with a maximum output voltage of 15 kV, delivering pulsed high-voltage electricity for 25 minutes. The lettuce samples were then immersed in PAW for 10, 15, and 20 minutes, with tap water immersion used as a control. Microbial inhibition was assessed using the Total Plate Count (TPC) method. The results showed a decreasing trend in microbial load, from 1.53 × 10⁶ to 5.00 × 10⁵ CFU/mL in soil-grown lettuce and from 1.77 × 10⁶ to 5.61 × 10⁵ CFU/mL in hydroponically-grown lettuce. As for color changes, the Color Difference (∆E) analysis revealed no significant variation in color over time following the washing treatments. The pH values of PAW ranged from 6.7 to 7.5, indicating no substantial impact on acidity or alkalinity. As previously discussed, the three variables microbial growth inhibition, color difference, and pH showed only minor or negligible differences. This is likely due to the current prototype generating PAW in a single activation cycle. Consequently, future developments are expected to focus on enhancing the system, such as adopting a mist-circulation design or applying plasma directly to water. These modifications aim to improve the analysis and comparison of PAW’s antimicrobial efficacy in green oak leaf lettuce in future research.

Influence of Flow interrupters in Infrared Drying Column on Temperature of the paddy grains

Wichannarong Wongbubpa — 2025-06-30

This research aimed to investigate the influence of flow obstructions on the movement of paddy grains within a drying chamber utilizing infrared heaters as the heat source. The objective was to raise the grain temperature from an initial 30 – 31°C to a target of 42 – 43°C. A prototype paddy dryer was employed in the experiments, using Khao Dawk Mali 105 rice variety. Each sample weighed 1.5 kilograms with an initial moisture content ranging from 22% to 25% wet basis. Experiments were conducted at air temperatures of 60°C and 80°C, with a controlled paddy flow rate of 1.5 kilograms per minute. Three types of flow obstructions were tested: alternating fin barriers, expanded metal mesh, and an unobstructed (empty) drying chamber. The results indicated that these factors significantly affected the time required for the paddy to reach the target temperature. The unobstructed drying chamber at an air temperature of 80°C required the shortest heating time, taking only 3.3 minutes to reach 42 – 43°C. Furthermore, the lowest energy consumption, at 0.10 kilowatt - hours, was observed in both the unobstructed chamber at 60°C and the alternating fin barrier at 60°C. In an additional drying experiment with an initial moisture content of 24% wet basis, the grains were dried to a final moisture content of 14% wet basis. It was found that the unobstructed chamber required the shortest drying time at 95 minutes, whereas the alternating fin barrier configuration required 140 minutes a difference of 32.14%.

Accumulation of Radionuclides in Soil Samples from Citrus maxima (Burm.f.) Merr cultivation farm at Pak Phanang District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province

Vuttichai janjamsai — 2025-06-30

The objective of this research was to study the specific activity of natural radionuclides in soil samples from Citrus maxima (Burm.f.) Merr cultivation farm, Pak Phanang District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province and assess the radioactive hazard index. The soil samples were collected at a depth of 5 cm per layer from the surface to 30 cm, a total of 10 locations, 6 samples each, for a total of 60 samples by using the gamma spectrometry analysis system with a High-Purity germanium detector (HPGe). The result show that the specific activity of Ra-226, Th-232 and K-40 were 93.50 ± 6.16, 17.51 ± 2.70 and 610.49 ± 59.05 Bq/kg respectively. The radionuclides of Ra-226 and K-40 were higher than the Thai average and world standard, while the radionuclide of Th-232 was lower than. In addition, the gamma radiation absorption rate (D) was above the threshold set by UNSCEAR. The annual external effective dose rate (E), the radium equivalent (Ra_eq) and the external hazard index (H_ex) were below the thresholds set by UNSCEAR. The results of the study concluded that the soil samples from Citrus maxima (Burm.f.) Merr cultivation farm, Pak Phanang District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province is low radioactive contamination and that people living in the area are naturally safe from exposure to radioactive substances.

Heating efficiency comparison of induction heating and electric heater

Wasawat Thingborirak — 2025-06-30

This research article studies, a hot air production system using electromagnetic induction heating for a thin-walled, smooth-surfaced hollow metal cylinder with an electric power of 1,800 W. It is expected that can be used as a heat source for drying agricultural products after harvesting in the future. In the experiment, the flow rate of air fed into the heating system was used in the form of Reynolds number in the range 6,000, 7,000, and 8,000. Four hot air temperatures were studied at 50, 60 and 70 °C and an induction heating was compared to 1,000 W electric heating. The results found that an outlet air temperature of 50 °C, an induction heating takes 79.55-84.96% less time than electric heating, consume 66.13-70.96% less power and, energy efficiency of more than 67.11-73.43%. An outlet air temperature of 60 °C, induction heating takes 71.30-72.24% less time than electric heating, consume 64.44-67.58% less power and, energy efficiency of more than 50.42-53.77%. An outlet air temperature of 70 °C, induction heating takes 54.46-62.03% less time than electric heating, consume 59.43-64.31% less power and, energy efficiency of more than 26.02-32.99%. The induction heating provides, the rising temperature rapidly at the first period of testing. This is different from an electric heater which has a slower temperature increasing.

Performance testing of the electric tow truck for wheelchairs

Aumpol Pichaicherd — 2025-06-30

This research aims to evaluate the performance of a newly developed electric tow truck for wheelchairs. The wheelchair consists of a manual wheelchair, an electric tow truck with a 350 watt motor, and a 48 volt 30 ampere-hour battery. Performance tests were conducted, including speed tests at three different levels, braking distance tests, battery life tests, and a user survey. Results The electric tow truck for wheelchairs can carry a load of up to 100 kg and achieve speeds of 4.96, 5.40 and 6.04 m/s. The braking distance of 2.1 meters meets the standard requirements. The electric tow truck for wheelchairs can travel an average distance of 64.11 kilometers with an average speed of 3.49 meters per second and an average usage time of 310 minutes. A user survey of three individuals revealed a preferred speed range of 1-4 meters per second and a high level of satisfaction with the device. Conclusion the electric tow truck for wheelchairs has proven to be an effective tool for individuals with disabilities. It offers increased mobility, speed, and range, while reducing the need for physical exertion. The device can significantly improve the quality of life for wheelchair users.

Comparison of Methods for Optimal Solutions to Vehicle Routing Problems

Jakkarin Klunngien — 2025-06-30

The primary cost of logistics systems is transportation cost. Companies with poor transportation management result in higher transportation costs. The main factor of high transportation costs is employees choosing inefficient routes that result in a high total distance. In addition, as a result, delivery is also too late. Therefore, this research studies vehicle transportation routing in cases of certainty demand. A case study of distributor and delivery agriculture products that have one vehicle, and maximum loading capacity not exceeding 5,000 kg. The purpose of this research is to compare methods for finding the optimal solution with three methods; Genetic Algorithm (GA), Simulated Annealing (SA), and Hill-climbing Algorithm (HCA). The result shows that SA can solve the problem when the number of customers is 400, while HCA and GA can solve the problem when the number of customers is 350 and 200, respectively. Consequently, SA is the most effective method. Next are HCA and GA, respectively. GA is the method that gets the least distance and transportation time of the three methods when the number of customers is less than or equal to 200.

Factors Affecting Forming Coaster from Polymer Matrix Composite Material Reinforced with Durian Peel Fiber

Jakkarin Klunngien — 2025-06-30

This research aims to study the appropriate parameters for the forming of coaster products made from polymer matrix composite reinforced with fiber of durian shell. Design of experiment with Factorial design is applied to find the appropriate parameters. The hypothesis of this research is that the amount of rubber latex, the amount of durian peel fiber and the amount of DPG (Diphenyl Guanidine) have an effect on the percentage of water absorption of the coaster. According to the factorial experimental design, interaction effects of the amount of rubber latex and the amount of durian peel fiber which are observed without considering the main effects. The parameters are identified as follows: the amount of rubber latex is 167 grams, and the amount of durian peel fiber is 2 grams. The amount of DPG does not affect the percentage of water absorption; therefore, the factor value is not specified. The results of the factor determination can estimate the percentage of water absorption as 6.95 percent and the confidence interval of the percentage of water absorption at the confidence level of 0.95 is 0.98 to 12.93. The experimental results are then confirmed by forming coasters according to the factor levels obtained from the experimental design. The results show that the percentage of water absorption is less than the percentage of water absorption in the experiment with a confidence level of 0.95. The results of this study are useful for developing products using biomaterials and helping to reduce the amount of biowaste

Comparison of Performance of L-shaped and V-shaped Rocket Stoves and Performance Enhancement by Improving Combustion Chamber and Fuel Inlet

Palachai Khaonuan — 2025-06-30

This research aims to study the performance of L-shaped and V-shaped rocket stoves and then modifying the combustion chamber and fuel inlet to achieve higher performance and more convenient use. For the research method, L-shaped and V-shaped rocket stoves were built and their performance was tested using the water boiling test method (WBT). When the rocket shape with better performance was obtained, the rocket stove shape was further developed by modifying the combustion chamber and fuel inlet. The rocket stove was tested using the water boiling test method to compare the performance between the original and the developed rocket stove shapes. The results showed that the L-shaped rocket stove had better performance than the V-shaped rocket stove. The L-shaped rocket stove (L-shaped (version 2) rocket stove) was then developed by opening and enlarging the biomass fuel inlet and installing a combustion chamber for the secondary combustion at the top of L-shaped rocket stove. The test results show that opening the fuel inlet makes the L-shaped (version 2) rocket stove more convenient to use. The development of the L-shaped (version 2) rocket stove by opening and expanding the fuel inlet, adding an air preheating channel for secondary combustion and reducing the size of the combustion chamber results in a better performance than the L-shaped (traditional) rocket stove and V-shaped rocket stoves. The L-shaped (version 2) rocket stove has a thermal efficiency value that is 40.36% higher than the V-shaped rocket stove and 5.73% higher than the L-shaped (traditional) rocket stove. In terms of boiling time, the L-shaped (version 2) rocket stove takes 33.61% less time than the V-shaped rocket stove and 24.44% less time than the conventional L-shaped (traditional) rocket stove due to the installation of a combustion chamber for the secondary combustion at the top of the stove and the expansion of the fuel inlet to increase air to combustion chamber. The L-shaped (version 2) rocket stove is suitable for applications that require high and fast heat.

Finding the optimum conditions for coffee bean sorting using Factorial experimental design

Worapong Phongphattarawut — 2025-06-30

The objective of this research was to identify optimal conditions for separating green coffee bean by screening machine. The equipment utilized in the study was a custom-built coffee screening machine, featuring a 3-layer grid design with grid hole sizes measuring 8, 6, and 3 millimeters respectively. The green coffee bean under investigation is of the Robusta variety. The experimental design employed was 3² Factorial Design. The factors investigated in the study were the rotational speed as 50, 60 and 70 rpm., and the stoke range as 20, 30 and 40 millimeters. The findings revealed that high rotational speed reduces separation time. But it increases the contamination of coffee beans. The optimal speed was 70 rpm, with a stoke range of 20 millimeters, resulting in a separation efficiency of 94.48 percent.

Study on Single-Phase AC-AC Converter Control Using PWM Technique Implemented in MATLAB/Simulink

Phanom Tawdee — 2025-06-30

This paper proposes the design and testing of a single-phase AC to AC converter circuit using a microcontroller (TMS320F2808) as a control system for switch driver signals, along with the application of MATLAB to generate a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal to control the operation of the MOSFET switch to adjust the output voltage level as desired. The designed circuit can convert the input AC voltage to an AC output voltage in the range of 0 to 220 volts at a frequency of 50 Hz. The output voltage is a sinusoidal waveform with a maximum root mean square (RMS) value of 220 volts. Controlling the output voltage level can be done by adjusting the duty cycle from 10% to 95%, which results in the circuit being able to control the output power throughout the range. The experiments and tests in this article apply a microcontroller with MATLAB software to develop a control system for the power converter circuit.

Development of traction control unit of electric motorcycle

panuschai sribumrung — 2025-06-30

Brushless DC (BLDC) motors are widely used in various applications, including the automotive industry, pumping systems and industrial drive systems, especially in electric vehicle propulsion. This research aims to develop a drive control system for a small electric motorcycle using a 350W BLDC motor with an operating voltage of 36-48 VDC. The drive system consists of a control circuit utilizing a dsPIC microcontroller and a power electronics circuit. It employs Six-Step Commutation combined with PI control to ensure smooth and efficient motor operation. The control system is installed in an electric motorcycle, and performance tests were conducted at speeds ranging from 100 rpm to 520 rpm, reaching a maximum speed of 45 km/h on flat terrain. The test covered a distance of 15 km, demonstrating that the system is suitable for daily use and confirming the effectiveness of the developed control system.

Design and Efficiency Assessment of Horizontal Fertilizer Mixing Machine

Supakanya Khanchaiyaphum — 2025-06-30

This research aimed to design and evaluate the performance of a horizontal fertilizer mixing machine. The machine was designed with dimensions of 700 mm in width, 1,360 mm in length, and 1,220 mm in height. The mixing tank has a capacity of 50 liters and is powered by a 3-Hp electric motor. The power transmission system consists of a 1:20 gear reducer, a driving gear with 12 teeth, a driven gear with 29 teeth, and a mixing shaft. The ribbon-type agitator, which is attached to the arms of the mixing shaft, operates in a horizontal motion. The outer ribbon blade has a diameter of 570 mm with a pitch of 344 mm, while the inner ribbon blade has a diameter of 370 mm with the same pitch. The mixer was tested with 40 kg of compost and 1,000 plastic beads with a diameter of 5 mm. The agitator rotated at a speed of 30 revolutions per minute. The average moisture content of the compost was 56.98%. Samples were collected at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 minutes, and the number of beads in each sample was recorded. The coefficient of variation (CV) was then calculated to assess the mixing uniformity. The results showed that the horizontal fertilizer mixing machine exhibited good mixing uniformity, as indicated by a coefficient of variation of less than 5%. Specifically, the coefficient of variation at 3 minutes was 1.74%, and at 4 minutes was 3.5%

Effect of Solution Concentration Parameters During Electrospinning Process on Morphological Features of Scalable Self-standing Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanofibrous Membranes

Apiwat Dankeaw — 2025-06-30

Nanofibers and nanofibrous membranes composed of polymers, ceramics, carbons, and their hybrid materials, fabricated through electrospinning process, have garnered significant research interest due to their potential applications in diverse fields, including medical devices, environmental protection and remediation, and energy systems. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has been extensively used as a functional component in nanofiber composites, a polymer binder for the fabrication of architectured carbon and ceramic nanofibers, and a scaffolding material for the preparation of freestanding ceramic nanofibrous membranes, via electrospinning. Consequently, investigating the effects of working parameters during electrospinning on the properties of the resulting products is essential. In this study, the influence of solution concentration on the morphological features and physical dimensions of self-standing electrospun PVA nanofibrous products collected on a rotational cylindrical drum, was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the results were analyzed and discussed. The findings showed that increasing PVA solution concentration (6–14% w/v) led to larger fiber diameters, reduced membrane width, and increased membrane thickness. Based on the power law of polymer solutions, the diameter of the electrospun fibers increased as the PVA solution concentration was raised, following the relationship . This research enhances the predictive capability regarding the morphology of the resulting PVA nanofiber products—particularly the fiber diameters—by identifying solution concentration as a key parameter governing the electrospinning process. This deeper understanding of how solution concentration affects the morphology of PVA-based nanofibers is expected to facilitate the efficient fabrication of nanofibrous mats utilizing PVA as a binder and/or structural component