Srinakharinwirot University Engineering Journal

Potential of Ethanol and Biogas Production from Oil Palm Frond Juice and Oil Palm Trunk Juice

2023-07-14T20:23:51+07:00

This research aimed to study the potential of ethanol and biogas production from oil palm frond juice (OPFJ) and oil palm trunk juice (OPTJ) performed using S. cerevisiae for alternative energy. The amount of glucose consumed quickly to produce ethanol in 48 hrs. The amount of glucose in OPFJ decreased from 31.26 to 5.09 g/l, and OPTJ decreased from 58.65 to 4.95 g/l. The amount of glucose consumed to produce ethanol until steady-state at 96 hours of fermentation processes. The highest ethanol yield from OPTJ and OPFJ was 31.28 and 11.50 g/l, respectively. The calculation of ethanol yield found that the ethanol yield from OPTJ was higher than that of OPFJ. The ethanol yield of OPTJ was 0.48. g-ethanol/g-glucose, while OPFJ was only 0.39 g-ethanol /g-glucose due to fermentation efficiency. The fermentation efficiency of OPTJ was as high as 93.42%, while the fermentation efficiency of OPFJ was only 72.14%. Biogas production from distillery slop of OPFJ and OPTJ used the biochemical methane potential (BMP) technique. The maximum accumulated methane production of OPFJ and OPTJ were 997 and 1,068 ml at 71.53 and 71.18% of methane composition, which were very similar. Corresponding to methane yield (Yield) was equal to 314 and 336 ml CH₄/g VS. The experimental results showed that OPFJ and OPTJ of distillery slop have the potential to be used as raw materials for biogas production. Three Genera of archaea dominant founding were Methanobacterium sp., Methanofollis sp., and Methanosaeta sp.

Study on the Effect of Refrigerator with Phase Change Material

2024-01-08T11:25:32+07:00

This research studies the effects of using phase change material in the cooling system of a 105 L single door refrigerator. Installed the phase change material together with the cooling pipe instead of the original evaporator position, with melting temperature of -15 ℃. This was a load pull-down test with a final temperature of 6 ℃ and an average initial temperature of 35 ℃, the comparison with and without phase change material. Consider the average of the pull-down time of the load temperature, the temperature in cabinet of refrigerator, the compressor run time, and the energy consumption. The results of the experiment found that the refrigerator with phase change material had a time to pull-down the load temperature of more than 3 minutes, accounting for 0.61 %, the increase is only slight and has no effect on the cooling system. The pull-down time of temperature in cabinet reduce up to 94 minutes, is 33.09 %. The compressor operating time decreased by 88 minutes is 25.00 % and reduced energy consumption by 11.930 W is 17.77 %. When comparison without phase change material had a time to pull- down the load temperature of 485 minutes, the pull- down time of temperature in cabinet of 284 minutes, there was a compressor operating time of 352 minutes, and energy consumption by 67.131 W. The results indicate that the use of phase change materials has a positive impact on the cooling system.

Conversion of Natural Rubber Product to Bio-Crude Oil By Hydrothermal Liquefaction Process

2024-04-17T20:48:57+07:00

This research investigates the conversion yield of natural rubber product such as raw rubber sheets, cup lumps, and Para rubber latex to bio-crude oil by hydrothermal liquefaction process. The reaction temperatures are in the ranges of 350 °C and 375 °C. The materials are dissolved in water at H₂O/NR mass ratios of 2:1, 3:1, and 4:1. The reaction time was 60 minutes. Results show that the highest yields of bio-crude oil is 71.40% by using raw rubber sheets as raw material, while the bio-crude oil yield from using cup lumps, and Para rubber latex are 70.03% and 22.47% respectively. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FT-IR) analysis shows peak absorbance at 2,920 cm^–1, indicating the intensity of the absorbance of the alkane functional group (C-H) which indicates fuel oil property. This study shows the technical possibility of producing bio-crude oil from natural rubber in Thailand by-using the hydrothermal liquefaction process. This might be the alternative energy in the future and support the beneficial of using Para rubber as well.

Machine learning for Customer Behavior Prediction on Banking Product

2022-10-20T12:43:48+07:00

This article aims to study the parameters for customer to make decision in bank product via telemarketing and to apply machine learning for customer behavior model of banking product. The technique in this study is the Cross-Industry Standard Process. There are 6 processes that are business understanding, data understanding, data preparation, model development, evaluation, and deployment. The data consisted of 41,188 customers and 20 parameters. To do the data preparation, feature selection i.e., data transfer, data reduction, data cleaning using Knime a tool. There are 3 algorithms for customer behavior model of banking product that are Decision tree, Random Forest and Tree ensemble. Algorithm performance testing by using accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for the best algorithm. The results can demonstrate that the top three parameters impacting decision making are the length of time spent talking on the phone with customers, the number of days elapsed since the customer was last contacted from a previous campaign, and the results of previous marketing campaigns. The most accuracy algorithm for customer behavior prediction in bank product is Tree ensemble with accuracy 90.94% comparing with Decision tree and Random Forest tree with accuracy 87.54% and 90.29%, respectively. To do the data visualization using Power BI that is very beneficial for planning and leads to higher sales. On-going research, to apply this methodology with bank product marketing in Thailand.

Bioactive Paper Coated with Green Synthesized Silver/iron Oxide for Food Packaging

2024-04-21T16:43:17+07:00

Utilization of antibacterial packaging is an approach to maintain and extend shelf-life of foods. This research aims to develop the bioactive composite paper coating with bioactive compound viz, silver-iron oxide particles (Ag/Fe₃O₄). Starch waste from cassava starch industry and tannic acid are used as bio reducing agents for synthesis of Ag/Fe₃O₄. The effect of tannic acid concentration at 0-3 %w/v is studied. Based on the study, the increase of tannic acid concentration for coating of paper enhances tensile strength, water resistance and antibacterial activities i.e. Staphylococcus aureus: S.aureus and Escherichia coli: E.coli. The coated paper with Ag/Fe₃O₄ at 3% w/v of tannic acid could maintain vitamin C and delay the ripening of tomatoes. Therefore, the obtained packaging had potential to apply as bioactive packaging to maintain food quality and prolong the shelf-life.