Food Agricultural Sciences and Technology

Simultaneous alcoholic and acetic acid fermentation in pineapple juice with co-culture of yeast and acetic acid bacteria

On-ong Chanprasartsuk, Kittaphat Jaroenmaneesap, Krittapoj Wongjinda — Thu, 12 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +0700

Co-culture of yeast and acetic acid bacteria (AAB) is consortium which be useful on food and beverage fermentation. The various fermented beverages; alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks, are obtained by these microbial communities and their interactions. The activities of co-culture of yeasts and acetic acid bacteria during pineapple juice fermentation, including the growth of starters, physicochemical and key compounds changes during pineapple juice fermentation were investigated. The specific characteristics of initial pineapple juice was appropriate for using as a raw material for single and dual yeast and AAB fermentation with no chaptalization. The adding of AAB could encourage the growth and ethanol production of allochthonous and autochthonous yeasts during pineapple juice fermentation, concurrently, the growth of AAB slowly decreased throughout the fermentation. In order to better understand the relationship between yeast and AAB during pineapple juice fermentation. The influence of pineapple juice properties on the growth of AAB during pineapple fermentation was further investigated.

The Construction of an AI electronic nose system for characterization of a coffee aroma map in Chiang Rai province

Tue, 31 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +0700

Chiang Rai province in northern Thailand is now known for its unique and distinct Arabica coffee aroma, thanks to the region's highland climate and topography. To add value and promote this aroma, a team of researchers developed an AI electronic noses system that detects and maps the coffee aroma from different areas of Chiang Rai. The system uses several gas sensor detectors that can detect gas in the range of 10-1000 ppm, covering 10 different gases from coffee beans. Detectors are connected to an Arduino ESP32 processor board and controlled by a Python program. The system responds to the sensor for measuring the coffee aroma and transmits data via the internet WIFI in the form of IOT protocol. It then sends data to store on a cloud web service and displays real-time coffee aroma maps on an online website. These maps can provide valuable insights into the distinct aroma of coffee beans grown in different areas of Chiang Rai. Moreover, the data collected can be used to develop AI electronic noses that can identify the unique aroma of coffee beans grown in the area. This will further enhance the collection of coffee aroma maps and add value to the coffee beans produced in Chiang Rai. The aroma maps can also help in the branding and marketing of the coffee beans, making it more recognizable and appealing to consumers worldwide.

The species composition and abundance of marine fish on artificial reef (Fish domes) at Samaesarn Island, Chon Buri province, Thailand

Ason Meenapha, Vipoosit Mantrachitra — Fri, 03 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0700

The degradation of marine resources at Samasarn Islands has been a problem for a long time. Due problem, a fish dome was established on Samae San Island, with the objective of serving as a resource for future marine ecosystem rehabilitation. Over a 25-month, from March 2018 to March 2020, studies on the composition and abundance of marine fish were collected from fish domes. A video census method was collected from 100 fish domes situated across five stations. Each station was further divided into five groups, each containing four fish domes. Found 99 species belonging to 36 different families. The Pomacentridae family was the most dominant with 11 species, followed closely by Labridae and Gobiidae families, each with 8 species. Intriguingly, the research unveiled the presence of at least seven fish species within the fish dome area that had not been previously observed in the coral reefs of Samaesarn Island. These species include Janss' pipefish (Doryrhamphus janssi), spotted porcupinefish (Diodon hystrix), map puffer (Arothron mappa), half-barred goby (Priolepis semidoliata), bearded leatherjacket (Anacanthus barbatus), spotcheek emperor (Lethrinus rubrioperculatus), and three-striped whiptail (Pentapodus trivittatus). This study showed the importance of fish domes for the restoration of coral reefs, especially for coral reef fish and marine fish in this area.

Factors affecting the acceptance of transferring innovations in the production of quality cassava stalk to farmers in Pathum Ratchawongsa District, Amnat Charoen Province

Phakwilai Yodthong, Chalathon Choocharoen, Supaporn Lertsiri, Waree Thongmee — Fri, 03 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0700

The objectives were to study 1) personal and socioeconomic factors 2) knowledge of cassava production, 3) acceptance of transferring innovations in the production of quality cassava stalk, and 4) problems and obstacles. The sample used in this research were 354 cassava growers, using interview forms for data collection. The study’s results concluded that most of the farmers were male, average age of 50.57, not single, and education level below secondary school. The average number of household members was 4.90 persons, the average cassava planting area was 10.25 rai, and the average planting experience was 12.16 years. The average household size was 3.25 people with not a member of the farmer group, and without their own machinery. Most of farmers had an average income of 12,081.58 baht, and average expenses of 4,849.14 baht. Farmers knew how to produce quality cassava stalks at a high level of knowledge with an average of 26.16 points. There was a high level of acceptance of innovation in the production of quality cassava stalks with an average of 119.29 points. The hypothesis testing found that a member of the farmers group, having their own machinery and knowledge level were related to acceptance of transferring innovations in the production of quality cassava stalk significantly at the 0.01 level. The problems and obstacles encountered were planting labor and the price of labor wages was high. The shortage of water and the stalks where insufficient which government should support training and transferring innovations of quality cassava stalk to farmers.

Determine the color change of fresh green lettuce by using reflectance reconstruction from RGB image

Thu, 09 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0700

This paper presents an image processing technique to determine the color change of salad lettuce is stored at 15ºC for storage times of 0 to 5 days. The technique divided the color of salad lettuce into 8 clusters (Dark-green, Light-green, Green-yellow, Brown, Dark, White, Shadow, and background) and used these clusters for spatial and spectral analysis. In the case of spatial analysis, the number of pixels of each cluster was countering over storage time for calculating the area of each cluster in the image and was used to determine the color change of the lettuce salad. In cases of spectral analysis, the reflectance reconstruction technique was applied to reconstruct the reflectance data from the image. RGB values from these images were transformed to tri-stimulus values (XYZ) and L*a*b* and then used with a trust-region-dogleg algorithm for reconstruction the reflectance from L*a*b* values. The reflectance data were normalized by an average sum of reflectance and called relative reflectance, and then use in the partial relative reflectance in a range of blue (450-500 nm), green (500-570 nm), and red (610-650 nm) to calculate the spectral gradient. The spectral gradient was used to determine the color change of the lettuce salad over storage. The result of both spatial and spectral analysis shows that changes in the colors of lettuce can be detected at storage time in days 3.

Cytogenetics of Pisang Awak (Kluai Namwa Tanao Sri) from Suan Phueng district, Thailand

Kamika Sribenja, Nuntaporn Getlekha — Thu, 09 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0700

This research aims to study karyotype of Pisang Awak (Kluai Namwa Tanao Sri, Musa × paradisiaca L.) from Suan Phueng district, Ratchaburi province. Chromosomes were obtained directly from the root tip and fixed roots; meristem cells were stained with acetocarmine dye which were then photographed under a light microscope for cells that were in the metaphase stage. Excel and the Adobe Photoshop CS5 application were used to analyze the data and display ideograms. The chromosome numbers of Musa × paradisiaca L. is 3n = 33 (x = 11), metacentric, submetacentric and acrocentric chromosome are commonly observed. The chromosome range length was reported between 0.742- 1.697 μm, karyotype comprising three large submetacentric, six large acrocentric, six medium metacentric, nine medium submetacentric, three medium acrocentric, three small metacentric and three small submetacentric chromosome, respectively. The karyotype formula of Kluai Namwa Tanao Sri (Musa × paradisiaca L.) as follows: 3n (33) = Lsm 3 + La 6 + Mm 6 + Msm 9 + Ma 3 + Sm 3 + Ssm 3

Influence of golden shower (Cassia fistula L.) petals supplementation in laying hen diet to enhance egg-yolk color and customer acceptance

Fri, 10 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0700

The objective of this study was to investigate the dietary supplement of golden shower (Cassia fistula L.) petals on egg quality and customer acceptance. Sixty Hybrid breed laying hens at 40-week old were divided into 4 treatments, with 3 replicates of 5 laying hens each. Each group was randomly taken experimental diet, supplemented with golden shower at 0, 5, 10 and 15 g/kg for 8 weeks. Intensity of yolk color increased according to golden shower supplementation. The redness score (a*) of yolk from the experimental group, fed with golden shower at 15 g/kg was significantly higher than control group (10.05±0.44 and 6.79±0.94, respectively) (P<0.01). This data agreed with the total carotenoid content in yolk. The highest total carotenoid content was found from the experimental group, fed with golden shower at 15 g/kg (31.86±2.19 µg/g of yolk dry weight). Moreover, the golden shower supplementation did not bring negative effect on acceptance test. On the other hand, the significant higher 9-point hedonic on yolk color from the experimental group, fed with golden shower at 15 g/kg was 7.77 in total of 9.0, indicating that consumers liked yolk color of the experimental group, fed with golden shower at 15 g/kg very much when compared with control group (P<0.01). This study highlights the potential of golden shower petals as a natural colorant that can be beneficially introduced into animal feed to enhance yolk color and contribute satisfy consumer preference.