Srinakharinwirot University Journal of Sciences and Technology

ECONOMIC VALUATION OF WOOD AND CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN NAKHON SI THAMMARAT RAJABHAT UNIVERSITY

2024-04-12T08:52:47+07:00

This study which was carried out in Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University aimed to study the plant diversity, economic value, and carbon stock of the trees. The research was conducted for five months, from June to October 2021. The results of the study found 68 species of plants from a total of 1,955 trees. The most common plant species was Lagerstroemia speciose, with a total timber volume of 358.01 m³. The total cost was 318,434.30 Baht, and the net value of 4,079,685.50 baht, so the net value of 4,079,685.50 baht. The total biomass was 1,905.70 tons, the average biomass per tree was 974.78 kg. The accumulated carbon was content of all trees 952.14 tons, and carbon sequestration equal was 487.39 kg per tree. Indicating that the forest ecosystems are an important carbon stock. Moreover, that can be used as a guideline for policy of the university, for improving/planning to increase carbon stock areas.

METHOD DEVELOPMENT FOR METAL ANALYSIS USING BOUGAINVILLEA FLOWER EXTRACTS AND ULTRAVIOLET-VISIBLE SPECTROSCOPY TECHNIQUE

2024-04-12T09:05:44+07:00

This research aims to develop a method for metal analysis with Bougainvillea flower or paper flower extracts and Ultra-Visible spectroscopy techniques. The paper flower extracts that used in this study were extracted with buffer solution. The chemical structure of paper flower extracts was determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) technique. The result showed that the functional groups of paper flower extracts were similar to betanin standard that produced from beetroot. The optimum condition for metal analysis with developed method included the buffer solution (pH 7) that used as extraction solvent, the concentration of betanin in paper flower extracts of 2.8 grams per liter. The reaction time was 10 minutes. The linearity range of nickel standard solution was 2.5-40 milligrams per Liter. This method was detected at the wavelength of 536 nanometer. The limit of detection was 2.92 milligrams per liter. The linear equation was y = -0.0045x+0.6096. The coefficient of determination (R²) was 0.9857. The relative standard deviation of reproducibility and repeatability were 0.65 and 0.18 percentage, respectively. The recovery was 91-96 percentage. The result of nickel content in synthetic wastewater from developed method showed correlated with Flam-AAS technique. This developed method is simple, rapid, cheap and environmentally friendly.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF A DEPRESSION RISK ANALYSIS MODEL USING ONLINE SOCIAL NETWORK DATA

2024-04-12T09:44:58+07:00

The number of people with depression is constantly increasing. Depressed people are not treated and express behavior via social network posts. Thus, a depression risk analysis model is proposed using online social network data. This research collects data from the patient depression questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Twitter comment data. The Twitter data is collected from 405 Twitter users, 178 depressed people and 114 regular people. A hybrid machine learning technique is applied as the model construction and compared with four machine learning techniques Support Vector Machine, Naïve Bayes, Decision Tree, Deep Learning, Random Forest. The experimental results revealed that Hybrid machine learning technique achieved higher F-measure than other machine learning techniques. Moreover, the results indicated that the appropriate attributes for modeling in this research were all features which consisted of Demographic Characteristics, Twitter User's Information, Text, and Emoticons.

EFFECT OF BIO - EXTRACTION FOR CONTROLING OF UNDERGROUND TERMITES Coptotermes gestroi (Wasmann)

2024-04-12T10:00:11+07:00

The effect of Bio - extraction for controlling of underground termites Coptotermes gestroi (Wasmann) by toxicity testing in laboratory were studied. The treatments were Camellia extracts, Camellia seed oil, Tobacco extract, Kaffir lime oil and water (control) were used as treatments. The experiment was conducted by using the factorial in CRD with three replications for each treatment, by the first time during October – November 2020 and the second time during July – August 2021. The results of first period showed that the mortality of the termites after 12 hours spaying with Tobacco extract 10 % (7.23 %) was significantly higher mortality than Camellia extracts 10 % (6.26 %), Tobacco extract 5 % (4.88 %), Camellia seed oil 10 % (3.00 %), Camellia extracts 5 % (2.12 %), Kaffir lime oil 10 % (1.21 %), Camellia seed oil 5 % (0.53 %), Kaffir lime oil 5 % (0.33 %) and water (0.00 %), respectively. After 108 hours spaying, Camellia extracts 10 %, Camellia seed oil 10 %, Tobacco extract 5 % and Tobacco extract 10 % (10.00 %) was significantly higher mortality than Camellia extracts 5 % and Kaffir lime oil 10 % (5.15 %), Kaffir lime oil 5 % (4.16 %), Camellia seed oil 5 % (2.86 %) and water (0.00 %), respectively. The results of second period demonstrated that mortality of the termite after 12 hours of spaying with Tobacco extract 10 % (7.32 %) was significantly higher mortality than Camellia extracts 10 % (6.51 %), Tobacco extract 5 % (4.15 %), Camellia seed oil 10 % (3.15 %), Camellia extracts 5 % (2.21 %), Kaffir lime oil 10 % (1.12 %), Camellia seed oil 5 % (0.43 %), Kaffir lime oil 5 % (0.33 %) and water (0.00 %), respectively. All pocedures were statistically different at the level of confidence (P < 0.05).

DEVELOPMENT OF CHEMOTHERAPY CALCULATE DOSE PROGRAM VIA PREPRINTED ORDER TO PREVENT MEDICATION ERROR AND REDUCE TIME ORDER TO CALCULATE DOSE OF CHEMOTHERAPY

2024-04-12T10:30:45+07:00

This research study aimed to test efficacy of chemotherapy dose-calculating tool (Chemotherapy calculate dose program via preprinted order) that resulted in reducing medication error and time to calculate dose of chemotherapy. The sample consisted of patient aged 15 years and over who get intravenous infusion of chemotherapy treatment at Panyanathaphikkhu Chonprathan Medical Center. The data before using Chemotherapy dose-calculating program was collected among 280 chemotherapy prescriptions. Comparing with the data after using chemotherapy dose-calculating program among 280 chemotherapy prescriptions. This study was to collect the data of Medication errors, Time to calculate dose of chemotherapy by physicians and Time to verify dose of chemotherapy by pharmacists. The result showed data of medication error before using the program was 5 times calculated as a rate equal to 17.85 per 1,000 chemotherapy prescriptions. Comparing with the data of medication error after using program, the medication error was 0 time calculated as a rate equal to 0 per 1,000 chemotherapy prescriptions. Chemotherapy dose-calculating program was significantly associated with 100% reduction in rate of medication error. The average times to calculate dose of chemotherapy by oncologists before using Chemotherapy dose-calculating program and after using the program were 1.34 and 0.26 minutes per one chemotherapy prescription, respectively. Chemotherapy dose-calculating program was significantly associated with 80% reduction in average time. And the average times to verify dose of chemotherapy by pharmacists before using Chemotherapy dose-calculating program and after using the program were 0.05 and 0.09 minutes per one chemotherapy prescription, respectively. Chemotherapy dose-calculating program was significantly associated with 82% reduction in average times. This research study showed chemotherapy calculate dose program via preprinted order was associated with reduction of medication error and time to calculate dose of chemotherapy. This program had benefits to patients and physicians. The limitation of program was the database cannot be online, however it can be an opportunity to develop the program in the future.

LARGE SCALE GROWTH AND PHYCOCYANIN PRODUCTION OF SPIRULINA PLATENSIS TISTR 8666

2024-04-12T10:58:26+07:00

This research investigated the growth for phycocyanin production in the outdoor environment for 800 L of Spirulina platensis TISTR 8666. The results presented that a high yield of dried-weight biomass of Spirulina platensis TISTR 8666 cultured 14-28 days can be obtained. The dry weight of biomass was more than 0.60 g/L and contained 44.39% of total protein. Main amino acid of this biomass was glutamic acid, aspartic acid and leucine, in the number of 4487.70 mg/100 g, 3012.71 mg/100 g and 2655.52 mg/100 g, respectively. This biomass could not be detected Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover this biomass presented lead and arsenic less than 0.5 mg/k and 0.31±0.07 mg/kg, respectively. This biomass was taken for extraction using 0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0). The proportion was 1:20 w/v that can be obtained phytocyanin 78%. This crude phytocyanin-extracted can be defined as phytocyanin food grade, due to the purity ratio (A₆₂₀/A₂₈₀) was more than 0.7. Bioactivity studies found that crude extract presented phenol compound content 1311.83±1.31 mgGAE. Antioxidant of DPPH and ABTS scavenging effected with IC₅₀of 0.6532 mg/mL and 2.0290 mg/mL, respectively.

PREDICTION OF ANTHRACNOSE DISEASE SPREAD AREAS AND PRODUCTIVITY OF ARABICA COFFEE USING SATELLITE IMAGERY

2023-01-10T11:33:44+07:00

Currently, there are technological surveys that recognize remote applications as diverse, particularly satellite technology that analyzes spatial data on Earth from space. This technology facilitates rational spatial decision analysis, saving time before surveys. The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the factors that contribute to the occurrence of Anthracnose disease in Arabica coffee and predict the productivity of Arabica coffee during an outbreak of Anthracnose disease in the Doi Chang area of Wawee sub-district, Mae Sui district, Chiang Rai province. The study found that the factors influencing the occurrence of Anthracnose disease are Land Surface Temperature (LST), Elevation, and Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI), with a model accuracy of 95.4 percent. Factors such as leaf area index (LAI) and Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI) are relevant regarding the Productivity Prediction of Arabica coffee. The R-square value is 0.594, and the Mean Square Error is 76.31 Kg per Rai. This study presents an alternative option for preparing risk management strategies to mitigate the impact of plant diseases on Arabica coffee and evaluating coffee productivity before entering the market in the future.

ANALYSIS AND PROCESS MANAGEMENT OF OUTDOOR LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION TO REDUCE INSTALLATION COST

2024-04-12T11:15:48+07:00

This research aims to develop installation process for outdoor lighting system to attain high efficiency, low cost and reliable installation. The original exterior lighting circuit design has high cost and low load in each sub-circuit. In addition, the damage to materials in the construction period, such as wires, conduits, trees in the garden, lamps, which are all caused by excavation, whether digging to install conduits or digging to move garden trees may occur. The methodology aims to reduce cost without any impact on number, position, and load of the outdoor lighting. The new design considers the voltage drop on each sub circuit to improved efficient and reduce damage to equipment materials by rearrange the working sequence between electrical system and landscape architecture. The result from implementation proposed process demonstrated that material usage can be reduced up to 30.13% and cost reduction by 28.58%, which is significant for project management.

A COMPARISON OF FORECASTING METHODS FOR PREDICTING THE GOLD ORNAMENTS SELLING PRICE

2024-04-12T11:31:57+07:00

This study aims to compare the methods for forecasting the gold ornaments selling price between the Box-Jenkins method, Holt’s method, Brown’s method, and the damped trend method. The average monthly gold ornaments selling prices used to create the model were obtained from the Gold Traders Association from January 2012 to May 2022. For the comparison of the reliability of the forecasting methods, the minimum mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) criterion was used. The results of comparing the forecast value with the gold ornaments selling prices from June to November 2022 found that the Box-Jenkins method had the lowest error. The forecast model was as follows: _t = Y_t-1 + 0.33963e_t-1 where Y_t-1 represented the gold ornaments selling price at time t – 1 and e_t-1 represented the error at time t – 1.

RESPIRATORY MUSCLE STRENGTH VALUES IN THAI PEOPLE

2024-04-12T13:12:01+07:00

The maximal inspiratory pressures (MIP) and maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) are commonly used for evaluating inspiratory and expiratory muscle strength. To date, there have been no normal values representing of MIP and MEP for Thai people. The aims of this study were to determine the normal values of MIP and MEP in Thai people and the correlation of MIP and MEP with anthropometric data. The sample size was calculated using the Yamane formula and recruited from the population by convenient sampling. Four hundred and five healthy volunteers (167 males and 238 females) aged between 20 and 60 years old were included. Blood pressure, height, weight, percent body fat, pulmonary function, and inspiratory and expiratory muscle strength were measured. The results of this study found that the means of MIP and MEP in males were 105.4 cmH₂O and 134.2 cmH₂O and in females were 74.3 cmH₂O and 90.8 cmH₂O, respectively. The MIP and MEP in males were significantly higher than in females in every age range (p<0.001). There was a positive correlation of MIP with height (r = 0.381, p<0.001), weight (r = 0.155, p<0.001), body mass index (r = 0.257, p<0.001), and negative correlation of MIP with percent body fat (r = - 0.229, p<0.001). MEP had a positive correlation with height (r = 0.360, p<0.001), weight (r = 0.147, p<0.001), and body mass index (r = 0.194, p<0.001) and had a negative correlation with percent body fat (r = - 0.262, p<0.001). There was no correlation between MIP or MEP and age. In conclusion, the normal values of respiratory muscle strength in Thai people both males and females were determined. Respiratory muscle strength had a positive correlation with height, weight, and body mass index, and had a negative correlation with percent body fat but had no correlation with age.

VIBRATION ANALYSIS FROM FLUX DENSITY OF DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER CORE

2024-04-12T13:24:39+07:00

This research paper presents the analyses of vibration from flux density generated from distribution transformer core 30 kVA 1 Ph 50 Hz 22000-480/240 V. The vibration on the transformer core was measured and compared with the flux density. The result shows that lowering the number of windings turn increases the flux density and vibrations. When comparing the flux density and the vibration of the transformer core, it was found that the flux density value 1.55 Tesla, causing the vibration from 0.67 to 0.79 mm/s. In conclusion, this result can be used as a guideline for analyzing potential damage to transformers due to vibration and as a reference for the design of a last longer transformer.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE NEW MODIFIED EULER METHOD

2024-04-12T13:31:56+07:00

The purpose of this paper was to discover a new modified Euler method for solving ordinary differential equations that was the most efficient compared to the Euler’s method and Modified Euler methods, which were the classical methods. The new modified Euler method was developed by approximating solutions in the next intervals using three slopes in the present intervals. In addition, errors of Euler's method, modified Euler method, the new modified Euler method and the third-order Runge-Kutta method were compared. The stability and consistency of the new modified Euler method were proposed. When the new modified Euler method was compared to Euler's method, the Modified Euler method and the third-order Runge-Kutta method, the results revealed that the new modified Euler method exhibited superior effectiveness and lower error rates. However, in comparison with third-order Runge-Kutta method, the new modified Euler method exhibited higher errors due to the fact that the third-order Runge-Kutta method is highly efficient choice for approximating solutions of ordinary differential equation.

EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT IN THE PROCESS OF FIREPROOF STEEL DOORS

2024-04-12T13:43:29+07:00

The objective of this research is to increase the efficiency of fireproof steel door process. The company's products have increased orders while production capacity is limited. It is therefore not possible to produce and deliver on schedule. It was discovered that some processes in the production process resulted in waste. The research process begins with studying thoroughly all fireproof steel door process. Then, use the Why-why Analysis principle to identify the root causes and the ECRS principle to find potential solutions. According to the data analysis, some processes were still not operating at their maximum potential. Some employees did not work with full capability. Consequently, the process can be improved by rearranging the task orders and use tools to minimize travel distance such as trolley and buckets of door components. After improvement with a decrease in production time of components from 396.87 minutes to 320.17 minutes, increase line balancing efficiency from 74.81% to 75.98%, and increase productivity from 28 doors per week to 34 doors per week, or by 21.42%.

ANTIOXIDANT AND CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITIES OF THAI LOCAL PLANT EXTRACTS

2024-04-12T13:52:30+07:00

The purpose of this study was to analyze the total phenolic, total flavonoids, antioxidant, cytotoxic activity and antioxidant components of crude extracts from eight species of Thai local plants using different solvents such as ethanol and hexane. Ethanol showed significantly higher percentage extraction yields than hexane. The contents of total phenolic and total flavonoids in the crude ethanol extract of Cyperus rotundus (CRE) were the highest at 11.617±0.289 mg GAE/g dry extract and 7.973±0.231 mg QE/g dry extract, respectively. The free radical scavenging of crude ethanol extracts of C. rotundus was the highest compared to the other plants and showed IC₅₀ values in the DPPH assay and ABTS assay of 0.408±0.011 mg/ ml and 0.402±0.0071 mg/ml, respectively. Moreover, crude ethanol extracts of C. rotundus indicated the presence of catechin (m/z 289.1) and anthocyanin (m/z 463.2), as analyzed by the LC-MS method. The catechin content was important in corroborating antioxidant activity. Studies of the in vitro cytotoxic activity of the crude ethanol extracts of C. rotundus against the NCI-H187 cell line showed IC₅₀ values of 42.47±2.66 µg/ml. In addition, the crude ethanol extract of Kaempferia parviflora against KB and NCI-H 187 cell lines showed IC₅₀ values of 60.24±1.73 and 27.22±1.04 µg/ml, respectively. These results indicated that the traditional medicinal plants C. rotundus and K. parviflora are excellent sources of antioxidants and potential cytotoxic agents against KB and NCI-H 187 cell lines.

PM2.5 REMOVAL IN BUS SHELTER IN PHITSANULOK PROVINCE BY WET SCRUBER WITH IoT SYSTEM

2023-11-22T16:19:32+07:00

This research aims to improve the air quality at bus shelters near roads to protect people from PM2.5 pollution by proposing the development of a wet scrubber that integrates IoT-based methods for measuring the quality of clean air at airflow outlets and PM2.5 removal efficiency in real time via the combination of turbulent water and a spray wet scrubber. This research was divided into two parts, indoor laboratory and outdoor bus shelter experiments, which used the exact reactor size. The investigated parameters for the indoor experiment were the liquid-to-air ratio and water level above the nozzle using the old diesel pickup truck generating PM2.5. The effects of both parameters on the average PM2.5 removal efficiency were investigated in a wet scrubber with a height of 4 m and a height of 0.85 m on one side of a square section. An increasing liquid-to-air ratio and water level above the nozzle favored increasing PM2.5 removal efficiency. In addition, it was also concluded that starting with 5.14 l/m³ of liquid-to-air and 150 mm of water above the nozzle created a final liquid-to-air ratio of 9.03 l/m³, which gave an average PM2.5 removal efficiency of 87.3%. This condition was applied for operating another wet scrubber with an IoT-based system installed outdoors at the bus shelter near the road in the center of Phitsanulok city, where the PM2.5 concentration exceeded the standard. The results showed that the wet scrubber IoT-based system has a PM2.5 removal average efficiency of more than 85% or a PM2.5 concentration after treatment below 15 µg/m³, which meets the standards of the World Health Organization and the Pollution Control Department of Thailand (below 37.5 µg/m³).

ADVERSE REACTIONS IN PLATELETPHERESIS DONORS IN CENTRAL CHEST INSTITUTE OF THAILAND

2024-05-11T09:58:36+07:00

This study was designed to review the incidence of adverse reactions occurred during and after in donors undergoing apheresis for platelet donation. Adverse reactions during and after the apheresis procedures were analyzed according to the following categories: (1) complications related to citrate toxicity; (2) fainting and (3) hyperventilation. From January to December 2020, a total of 477 plateletpheresis procedures were performed by Amicus blood cell separator (Fresenius Kabi) in Central Chest Institute of Thailand. This was performed and analyzed by medical technologist from data worksheet, separate by gender and age. The results show that: Of 477 plateletpheresis procedures, 160 (33.5%) were associated with adverse reactions. 158 (33.1%) of 447 donation-related adverse reactions involved citrate-related complications and 2 (0.4%) involved fainting but mostly mild symptoms. The overall donor reaction rate was not associated with age but associated with gender. The complications related to citrate toxicity occurred in female 31 (65.9%) from 47 procedures, in male 128 (29.7%) from 430 procedures. This was performed without oral calcium carbonate intake. The most common of adverse reaction rate in platelet apheresis donors is complications related to citrate toxicity, but generally mild and successful collections, compared with fainting or hyperventilation. Determining whether research founded that plateletpheresis donation by automated blood cell separator which contains anticoagulant ACD-A solution, be safe on the donors and no necessary to intake oral calcium carbonate.

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIONS TO REHABILITATE ARM FUNCTIONALITY IN ELDERLY INDIVIDUALS AND STROKE PATIENTS WITH MUSCLE WEAKNESS

2024-05-11T10:19:41+07:00

This research aims to apply the finite element method to design and develop a physical innovation for forearm and hand rehabilitation using a repetitive learning approach. This innovation is intended to restore functionality in patients with cerebrovascular disease and the elderly with muscle weakness in their arms and hands, including improving movement control. It is designed to be self-helping, allowing individuals to regain near-normal arm and hand function. Additionally, it is a prototype for medical technology that is limited and costly, enabling local production and reducing imports. Furthermore, it aims to promote and expand access to effective treatment in Thailand. The innovation focuses on repetitive learning-based physical rehabilitation for managing weak arm muscles. Patients insert their arms into a physical skateboard set to support them and practice moving their arms along a semicircular slide. If a patient's arm is not strong enough, the device has a function to assist in moving their arm along the slide rail according to the program. The engineering design and analysis results show that the various components of the innovation are structurally sound and suitable for producing a quality product within the specified scope. They can also be used to develop an innovation for restoring arm functionality in patients with muscle weakness due to stroke.

editorial board

2024-04-30T18:03:24+07:00

Srinakharinwirot University Journal of Sciences and Technology