Features of Smart Grid Technologies: An Overview
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Published:
Aug 31, 2019
Keywords:
Distributed generation smart grid cyber security self-healing renewable energy electric vehicles
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Abstract
This paper presents an overview of smart grid (SG) technology features such as two-way communication, advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) system, integration of renewable energy, advanced storage techniques, real time operation and control, data management and processing, physical and cyber security, and self-healing, etc. The SG technology allows twoway communications for better reliability, control, efficiency and economics of the power system. With these new SG technologies, consumers have many energy choices, such as use of renewable energy, usage management, flexible rates, electric vehicles (EVs), etc. The requirement of these technologies is the real time operation, and the SG accommodates this real
time operation and control. SG technology allows distributed generation through demand response and energy efficiency technologies to shed the load demand. However, it’s very difficult to adopt these changes to the conventional grids. Utility companies, governments, independent system operators (ISOs) and energy regulatory commissions need to agree on the scope and time frame of these changes.
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Kim, S. C., Ray, P., & Reddy, S. S. (2019). Features of Smart Grid Technologies: An Overview. ECTI Transactions on Electrical Engineering, Electronics, and Communications, 17(2), 169–180. https://doi.org/10.37936/ecti-eec.2019172.215478
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[7] K. Shuaib, I. Khalil, M. A. Hafez, “Communications in Smart Grid: A Review with Performance,” Reliability and Security Consideration, Journal of Networks, Vol. 8, No. 6, pp. 1229-1240, Jun 2013.
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[11] Q. Sun, X. Ge, L. Liu, X. Xu, Y. Zhang, R. Niu, Y. Zeng, “Review of Smart Grid Comprehensive Assessment Systems,” Energy Procedia, Vol. 12, pp. 219-229, 2011.
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[19] V. C. Gungor, D. Sahin, T. Kocak, S. Ergüt, C. Buccella, C. Cecati, G. P. Hancke, “Smart Grid Technologies: Communication Technologies and Standards,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, Vol. 7, No. 4, pp. 529-539, Nov 2011.
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[23] K. Dodrill, “Smart Grid Principal Characteristic Enables New Products, Services, and Markets,” Feb 2010. [Online]. Available: https://www.netl.doe.gov/sites/default/files/Smartgrid/Appendix-A6---Enables-Markets-v3_0.pdf
[24] R. Bayindir, I. Colak, G. Fulli, K. Demirtas, “Smart grid technologies and applications,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 66, pp. 499-516, Dec 2016.
[25] J. Choi, D. P. N. Do, “Process and Features of Smart Grid, Micro Grid and Super Grid in South Korea,” IFAC-PapersOnLine, Vol. 49, No. 27, pp. 218-223, 2016.
[26] M. L. Tuballa, M. L. Abundo, “A review of the development of Smart Grid technologies,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 59, pp. 710-725, Jun 2016.
[27] “Features of a Smart Grid,” [Online]. Available: https://www.homepower.com/features-smart-grid
[28] Z. Xu, “Smart Grid: Trends in Power Market,” [Online]. Available: https://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/cse574-10/ftp/grid2/index.html
[29] “Smart Grid Architecture Development,” [Online]. Available: https://www.ewh.ieee.org/r6/san_francisco/pes/pes_pdf/Smart_Grid_Architecture.pdf
[30] Y. Kabalci, “A survey on smart metering and smart grid communication,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 57, pp. 302-318, May 2016.
[31] S. N. Kulkarni, P. Shingare, “A review on smart grid architecture and implementation challenges,” in International Conference on Electrical, Electronics, and Optimization Techniques, Chennai, 2016, pp. 3285-3290.
[32] Y. Cunjiang, Z. Huaxun, Z. Lei, “Architecture Design For Smart Grid,” Energy Procedia, Vol. 17, Part B, pp. 1524-1528, 2012.
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[34] T. Strasser, F. Andrén, M. Merdan, A. Prostejovsky, “Review of Trends and Challenges in Smart Grids: An Automation Point of View,” in International Conference on Industrial Applications of Holonic and Multi-Agent Systems, pp. 12, 2013.
[35] C. P. Vineetha, C. A. Babu, “Smart grid challenges, issues and solutions,” in International Conference on Intelligent Green Building and Smart Grid, Taipei, pp. 1-4, 2014.
[36] A. Bari, J. Jiang, W. Saad, A. Jaekel, “Challenges in the Smart Grid Applications: An Overview,” International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, Vol. 2014, pp. 1-11, 2014.
[37] S. S. Reddy, J. A. Momoh, “Realistic and Transparent Optimum Scheduling Strategy for Hybrid Power System,” IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 6, No. 6, pp. 3114-3125, Nov 2015.
[38] S. S. Reddy, V. Sandeep, C. M. Jung, “Review of Stochastic Optimization Methods for Smart Grid,” Frontiers in Energy, Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 197-209, Jun 2017.
[39] J. A. Momoh, S. S. Reddy, “Review of Optimization Techniques for Renewable Energy Resources,” in IEEE Symposium on Power Electronics & Machines for Wind and Water Application, Milwaukee, WI. Jul 2014. pp. 1-8.
[40] R. Leszczyna, “A Review of Standards with Cybersecurity Requirements for Smart Grid,” Computers & Security, Vol. 77, pp. 262-276, Aug 2018.
[41] M. Emmanuel, R. Rayudu, “Communication technologies for smart grid applications: A survey,” Journal of Network and Computer Applications, Vol. 74, pp. 133-148, Oct 2016.
[42] “Connecting the ’smart’ in the smart grid,” May 2010. [Online]. Available: https://industrial.embedded-computing.com/article-id/?4561=
[43] L. T. Berger, A. Schwager, J. J. Escudero-Garzás, “Power Line Communications for Smart Grid Applications,” Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vol. 2013, pp. 1-16, 2013.
[44] M. Peck, G. Alvarez, B. Coleman, H. Moradi, M. Forest, V. Aalo, “Modeling and Analysis of Power Line Communications for Application in Smart Grid,” in 15th LACCEI International Multi-Conference for Engineering, Education, and Technology, Boca Raton, FL, Jul 2017. [Online]. Available: https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1709/1709.06883.pdf
[45] K. Sharma, L. M. Saini, “Performance analysis of smart metering for smart grid: An overview,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 49, pp. 720-735, Sept 2015.
[46] “Advanced Metering Infrastructure,” [Online]. Available: https://www.ferc.gov/CalendarFiles/20070423091846-EPRI - Advanced Metering.pdf
[47] “Advanced Metering Infrastructure and Customer Systems: Results from the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program,” Sept 2016. [Online]. Available: https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2016/12/f34/AMISummaryReport_09-26-16.pdf
[48] “Advanced Metering Infrastructure Market Headed for Growth and Global Expansion by 2025,” [Online]. Available: https://www.coherentchronicle.com/advanced-metering-infrastructure-market-headed-for-growth-and-global-expansion-by-2025/
[49] S. S. Reddy, C.-M. Jung, “Overview of Energy Storage Technologies: A Techno-Economic Comparison,” International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, Vol. 12, No. 22, pp. 12872-12879, 2017.
[50] S.S. Reddy, “Optimal Scheduling of Thermal-Wind-Solar Power System with Storage,” Renewable Energy, Vol. 101, pp. 1357-1368, Feb 2017.
[51] I. Colak, S. Sagiroglu, G. Fulli, M. Yesilbudak, C.-F. Covrig, “A survey on the critical issues in smart grid technologies,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 54, pp. 396-405, Feb 2016.
[52] R. Kappagantu, S.A. Daniel, “Challenges and issues of smart grid implementation: A case of Indian scenario,” Journal of Electrical Systems and Information Technology, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 453-467, Dec 2018.
[53] A. Leonardi, K. Mathioudakis, A. Wiesmaier, F. Zeiger, “Towards the Smart Grid: Substation Automation Architecture and Technologies,” Advances in Electrical Engineering, Vol. 2014, pp. 1-13, 2014.
[54] “Comparisons of SCADA Communication Protocols for Power Systems,” Dec 2015. [Online]. Available: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/comparisons-scada-protocols-power-systems-udara-perera
[55] R. Czechowski, P. Wicher, B. Wiecha, “Cyber security in communication of SCADA systems using IEC 61850,” in 2015 Modern Electric Power Systems, Wroclaw, 2015, pp. 1-7.
[56] W. Bin, “Substation automation solution with IEC61850,” Mar 2010. [Online]. Available: https://www02.abb.com/global/seitp/seitp202.nsf/0/9276485464e7953cc125770300133d9a/$file/ABB+Substation+Automation+Solution.pdf
[57] K.-P. Brand, C. Brunner, I. Mesmaeker, “How to use IEC 61850 in protection and automation,” Electra, No. 222, pp. 11-21, Oct 2005. [Online]. Available: https://library.e.abb.com/public/fed26a71538479c3c12570d50034fbe4/Rapport.pdf
[58] W. Zhengrong, Z. Tao, X. Aidong, C. Chuanlin, “Discussion on the technical architecture of smart grid in Hainan,” in 2014 IEEE PES Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference, Hong Kong, 2014, pp. 1-5.
[59] M. Govindarasu, A. Hann, P. Sauer, “Cyber-Physical Systems Security for Smart Grid,” Power Systems Engineering Research Center, Feb 2012. [Online]. Available: https://pserc.wisc.edu/documents/publications/papers/fgwhitepapers/Govindarasu_Future_Grid_White_Paper_CPS_May_2012.pdf
[60] J. Xie, A. Stefanov, C.-C. Liu, “Physical and cyber security in a smart grid environment,” WIREs Energy and Environment, Vol. 5, No. 5, pp. 519-542, Sep/Oct 2016.
[61] R. Zhang, Y. Du, L. Yuhong, “New challenges to power system planning and operation of smart grid development in China,” in 2010 International Conference on Power System Technology, Hangzhou, 2010, pp. 1-8.
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