Optimal Location and Sizing of Shunt Capacitors with Distributed Generation in Distribution Systems
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Published:
Feb 28, 2021
Keywords:
Distributed Generation Shunt Capacitors Optimal Location and Sizing Loss Reduction Evolutionary Algorithms Renewable Energy
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Abstract
This paper proposes a novel approach to determine an optimal location and sizing of shunt capacitors for reactive power compensation in distribution systems with distributed generation. Here, the optimal location for installing the shunt capacitors is determined using the loss sensitivity factor approach. The stochastic nature of distributed generation (i.e., wind and solar PV powers) has been considered in this paper. Optimal sizing of shunt capacitors has been determined by considering the power loss minimization as objective function and this problem is solved using the differential evolution algorithm (DEA). The results obtained with DEA are also compared with genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms. The effectiveness of this proposed approach has been simulated on the IEEE 15, 33, 69 and 85 bus test systems.
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Salkuti, S. R. (2021). Optimal Location and Sizing of Shunt Capacitors with Distributed Generation in Distribution Systems. ECTI Transactions on Electrical Engineering, Electronics, and Communications, 19(1), 34–42. https://doi.org/10.37936/ecti-eec.2021191.222295
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References
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[31] A.Á. Téllez, G. López, I. Isaac, J.W. González, “Optimal reactive power compensation in electrical distribution systems with distributed resources. Review”, Helion, vol. 4, no. 8, pp. 1-30, Aug. 2018.
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[33] E.S. Ali, S.M.A. Elazim, A.Y. Abdelaziz, “Improved Harmony Algorithm and Power Loss Index for optimal locations and sizing of capacitors in radial distribution systems”, International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol 80, pp. 252-263, Sept. 2016.
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[2] P. Prakash, D.K. Khatod, “Optimal sizing and siting techniques for distributed generation in distribution systems: A review”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 57, pp. 111-130, 2016.
[3] O.D.M. Giraldo, L.F.G. Norena, V.M.G. Arevalo, “Optimal Location and Sizing of Capacitors in Radial Distribution Networks Using an Exact MINLP Model for Operating Costs Minimization”, WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics, vol. 14, pp. 244-252, 2017.
[4] M. Mohammadi, “Particle swarm optimization algorithm for simultaneous optimal placement and sizing of shunt active power conditioner (APC) and shunt capacitor in harmonic distorted distribution system”, Journal of Central South University, vol. 24, no. 9, pp. 2035-2048, Sept. 2017.
[5] N.A. Khan, S. Ghosh, S.P. Ghoshal, “Optimal allocation and sizing of DG and shunt capacitors using differential evolutionary algorithm”, International Journal of Power and Energy Conversion, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 278–292, 2013.
[6] M. Dixit, P. Kundu, H.R. Jariwala, “Incorporation of distributed generation and shunt capacitor in radial distribution system for techno-economic benefits”, Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 482-493, Apr. 2017.
[7] E.A. Mohamed, A.A. Mohamed, Y. Mitani, “Hybrid GMSA for Optimal Placement and Sizing of Distributed Generation and Shunt Capacitors”, Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 55-65, 2018.
[8] K.B. Reddy, K.H. Reddy, P.S. Babu, “Optimal Location and Size of Distributed Generations Using Kalman Filter Algorithm for Reduction of Power Loss and Voltage Profile Improvement”, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, vol. 10, no. 9, pp. 19-28, Sept. 2014.
[9] B. Aliasghar, K.F. Fazaneh, Z. Alireza, A. Alireza, S. Sadreddin, “Stochastic reactive power planning in distribution systems considering wind turbines electric power variations”, Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 1081-1087, 2015.
[10] C.S. Hlaing, P.L. Swe, “Effects of Distributed Generation on System Power Losses and Voltage Profiles (Belin Distribution System)”, Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 36-41, 2015.
[11] A. Rajendran, K. Narayanan, “Optimal multiple installation of DG and capacitor for energy loss reduction and loadability enhancement in the radial distribution network using the hybrid WIPSO–GSA algorithm”, International Journal of Ambient Energy, vol. 39, pp. 1-13, Apr. 2018.
[12] T.N. Shukla, S.P. Singh, V. Srinivasarao, K.B. Naik, “Optimal Sizing of Distributed Generation Placed on Radial Distribution Systems”, Electric Power Components and Systems, vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 260-274, 2010.
[13] I.B.M. Taha, E.E. Elattar, “Optimal reactive power resources sizing for power system operations enhancement based on improved grey wolf optimiser”, IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, vol. 12, no. 14, pp. 3421-3434, Aug. 2018.
[14] K. Gnanambal, S. Suriya, “Optimal Sizing Of Distributed Generation For Voltage Profile Improvement Considering Maximum Loadability Limit”, International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 304-309, Mar. 2014.
[15] B.R. Pereira, G.R.M. da Costa, J. Contreras, J.R.S. Mantovani, “Optimal Distributed Generation and Reactive Power Allocation in Electrical Distribution Systems”, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 975-984, Jul. 2016.
[16] M.E.H. Golshan, S.A. Arefifar, “Optimal allocation of distributed generation and reactive sources considering tap positions of voltage regulators as control variables”, International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 219-239, May/June 2007.
[17] K. Kuroda, T. Ichimura, H. Magori, R. Yokoyama, “A New Approach for Optimal Location and Sizing of Distributed Generation Using an Exact Solution Method”, International Journal of Smart Grid and Clean Energy, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 109-115, Sept. 2012.
[18] S.K. Injeti, N.P. Kumar, “Optimal Planning of Distributed Generation for Improved Voltage Stability and Loss Reduction”, International Journal of Computer Applications, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 40-46, Feb. 2011.
[19] M.A. Aman, S. Ahmad, A. Asar, B. Noor, “Analyzing the Diverse Impacts of Conventional Distributed Energy Resources on Distribution System”, International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, vol. 8, no. 10, pp. 390-396, 2017.
[20] R. Jiao, B. Li, Y. Li, L. Zhu, “An Enhanced Quantum-Behaved Particle Swarm Algorithm for Reactive Power Optimization considering Distributed Generation Penetration”, Mathematical Problems in Engineering, vol. 2015, pp. 1-9, 2015.
[21] D. Ke, C.Y. Chung, Y. Sun, “A Novel Probabilistic Optimal Power Flow Model With Uncertain Wind Power Generation Described by Customized Gaussian Mixture Model”, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 200-212, Jan. 2016.
[22] M.Q. Wang, H.B. Gooi, “Spinning Reserve Estimation in Microgrids”, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 1164-1174, Aug. 2011.
[23] M. Ghofrani, A. Arabali, M. Etezadi-Amoli, M.S. Fadali, “A Framework for Optimal Placement of Energy Storage Units Within a Power System With High Wind Penetration”, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 434-442, April 2013.
[24] C. Wang, X. Wang, J. Liu, “Distribution Network Reconfiguration Based on Differential Evolution Algorithm”, AASRI Procedia, vol. 3, pp. 203-208, 2012.
[25] U.K. Rout, R.K. Sahu, S. Panda, “Design and analysis of differential evolution algorithm based automatic generation control for interconnected power system”, Ain Shams Engineering Journal, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 409-421, Sept. 2013.
[26] J. Gunda, N.A. Khan, “Optimal Location and Sizing of DG and Shunt Capacitors Using Differential Evolution”, International Journal of Soft Computing, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 128-135, 2011.
[27] K. Zou, A.P. Agalgaonkar, K.M. Muttaqi, S. Perera, “Optimisation of Distributed Generation units and shunt capacitors for economic operation of distribution systems”, Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, Sydney, NSW, 2008, pp. 1-7.
[28] V.V. Thang, N.D. Minh, “Optimal Allocation and Sizing of Capacitors for Distribution Systems Reinforcement Based on Minimum Life Cycle Cost and Considering Uncertainties”, The Open Electrical and Electronic Engineering Journal, vol. 11, pp. 165-176, 2017.
[29] N.A. Khan, S.P. Ghoshal, S. Ghosh, “Optimal Allocation of Distributed Generation and Shunt Capacitors for the Reduction of Total Voltage Deviation and Total Line Loss in Radial Distribution Systems Using Binary Collective Animal Behavior Optimization Algorithm”, Electric Power Components and Systems, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 119-133, 2015.
[30] S.K. Saha, S. Banerjee, C.K. Chanda, “Determination of Optimal Location and Sizing of Distributed Generator in Radial Distribution Systems for Different Types of Loads”, AMSE Journals-2015-Series: Modelling A, vol. 88, no. 1, pp. 1-23, 2015.
[31] A.Á. Téllez, G. López, I. Isaac, J.W. González, “Optimal reactive power compensation in electrical distribution systems with distributed resources. Review”, Helion, vol. 4, no. 8, pp. 1-30, Aug. 2018.
[32] H.H. Fard, A. Jalilian, “Optimal sizing and location of renewable energy based DG units in distribution systems considering load growth”, International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 101, pp. 356-370, Oct. 2018.
[33] E.S. Ali, S.M.A. Elazim, A.Y. Abdelaziz, “Improved Harmony Algorithm and Power Loss Index for optimal locations and sizing of capacitors in radial distribution systems”, International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol 80, pp. 252-263, Sept. 2016.
[34] P. Chiradeja, S. Yoomak, A. Ngaopitakkul, “Optimal Allocation of Multi-DG on Distribution System Reliability and Power Losses Using Differential Evolution Algorithm”, Energy Procedia, vol. 141, pp. 512-516, Dec. 2017.
[35] T.P. Nguyen, D.N. Vo, “A novel stochastic fractal search algorithm for optimal allocation of distributed generators in radial distribution systems”, Applied Soft Computing, vol. 70, pp. 773-796, Sept. 2018.
[36] E.M.B. Cavalheiro, A.H.B. Vergílio, C. Lyra, “Optimal configuration of power distribution networks with variable renewable energy resources”, Computers & Operations Research, vol. 96, pp. 272-280, Aug. 2018.