Array Antenna Pattern Synthesis using Improved Particle Swarm Optimization (IPSO) Algorithm

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Published: Jun 27, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37936/ecti-eec.2023212.249806
Keywords:
First Null Beamwidth (FNBW) Improved Particle Swarm Optimization (IPSO) Linear Array Antenna Non-uniform Excitation Side Lobe Level (SLL) Thinning

Main Article Content

Rajesh Bera
Gayatri Vidya Parishad College of Engineering, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
Sabiha Cheruvu
Madanapalle Institute of Technology and Science. Madanapalle, AP, India
Krishanu Kundu
G.L. Bajaj Institute of Technology and Management, Greater Noida, India
Prashant Upadhyay
Vignan’s Foundation for Science and Research (VFSTR), Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
Durbadal Mandal
National Institute of Technology Durgapur, West Bengal, India

Abstract

Antenna arrays are used in many different systems, including radar, military systems, and wireless communications. The design of the antenna array has a significant impact on how well the communication system performs. The large number of pieces and the large sidelobe levels provide the biggest design hurdles for such arrays. The antenna arrays have recently been heavily thinned using optimization approaches that take advantage of evolutionary algorithms in order to lower power consumption and enhance the radiation pattern by lowering sidelobe levels. A global optimum for this kind of algorithm is not guaranteed, though, because of the stochastic nature of the resolution techniques. This work characterizes the optimal pattern synthesis of a linear array antenna using the Improved Particle Swarm Optimization (IPSO) algorithm. The main aim is to obtain a low Side Lobe Level (SLL) that avoids interference and a narrow beam width for acquiring high directivity to obtain the optimal solution established on the action of the swarm that adopts the fitness function. To achieve these targets, we analyze the optimization of the excitation amplitude and inter-element spacing of the array. In this article, we have presented the optimal power pattern obtained by two different types of excitation amplitude distributions for both uniformly spaced linear arrays and non-uniformly spaced linear arrays. In the first case of amplitude distribution, namely, non-uniform distribution of excitation amplitude, synthesis of the array pattern for three different values of inter-element spacing as well as optimized spacing are presented for different array sizes. In the second case, optimal thinning of a uniformly spaced array as well as a non-uniformly spaced (optimized) array has been presented. The IPSO algorithm provides a radiation pattern that is used to determine the set of antenna array parameters. The design of an antenna array using the IPSO algorithm gives significant enhancements when compared with a uniformly excited and uniformly spaced array. The flexibility as well as ease of implementation of the IPSO algorithm are evident from this analysis, showing the algorithm’s usefulness in electromagnetic optimization problems.

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How to Cite
Bera, R., Cheruvu, S., Kundu, K., Upadhyay, P., & Mandal, D. (2023). Array Antenna Pattern Synthesis using Improved Particle Swarm Optimization (IPSO) Algorithm. ECTI Transactions on Electrical Engineering, Electronics, and Communications, 21(2), 249806. https://doi.org/10.37936/ecti-eec.2023212.249806
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Vol. 21 No. 2 (2023): Regular Issue (June 2023)
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Author Biographies

Rajesh Bera, Gayatri Vidya Parishad College of Engineering, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India

Rajesh Bera passed B. Tech degree in the department of ECE, from Birbhum Institute
of Engineering & Technology, Birbhum, West Bengal, India in 2010. He received the M. Tech degree from Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India in 2012. He has received his PhD degree from the Department of ECE, NIT Durgapur, India. Presently, he is attached with Gayatri Vidya Parishad College of Engineering, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India, as Assistant Professor in the Department of ECE. His research interest includes
Array Antenna design, Array parameter optimization and beam-pattern
synthesis using Evolutionary Computing Techniques. He has published
more than 25 research papers in various reputed International Journals
and Conferences.

Sabiha Cheruvu, Madanapalle Institute of Technology and Science. Madanapalle, AP, India

Sabiha Cheruvu passed B.Tech degree in the department of ECE, from Madanapalli
Institute of Technology and Science, Madanapalli, Annamaya district, India in 2018. She received the M.Tech degree from Madanapalli Institute of technology and science, Madanapalli, Annamaya district, India in 2020. Her research interest includes Array Antenna design Array parameter optimization and beam pattern synthesis using Evolutionary Computing techniques

Krishanu Kundu, G.L. Bajaj Institute of Technology and Management, Greater Noida, India

Krishanu Kundu received his B.Tech degree in Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering from Pt. R.S.S. U University, Raipur in 2007 and received his MTech degree in Embedded System Technologies from Anna University, Chennai in 2011. He has completed his PhD degree in Electronics & Communication Engineering from Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal Formerly known as WBUT. Presently, he is working as Asst. Professor in the department of ECE, G.L. Bajaj Institute of Technology and Management, Greater Noida, India His main research interest is optimization of different types of antenna arrays using different bio inspired algorithms.

Prashant Upadhyay, Vignan’s Foundation for Science and Research (VFSTR), Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India

Prashant Upadhyay passed B.E. degree in EI, from University Institute of Engineering
and Technology, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar University, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. He received the M.Tech degree in ECE from National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research, Chandigarh, India. He received PhD degree in ecefrom National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, West Bengal, India. Presently, he is attached with Vignan,s Foundation for Science and Research (VFSTR), Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India as Assistant Professor in School of Computing & Informatics. His research interest includes Low power VLSI design and Optimization Techniques. He has published more than 35 research papers in various reputed International Journals and Conferences.

Durbadal Mandal, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, West Bengal, India

Durbadal Mandal passed B. E. degree in ECE, from Regional Engineering College,
Durgapur, West Bengal, India in the year 1996. He received the M. Tech and Ph. D.
degrees from NIT Durgapur, West Bengal, India in the year 2008 and 2011 respectively. Presently, he is attached with NIT Durgapur, West Bengal, India, as Associate Professor in the Department of ECE. His research interest includes Array Antenna design; filter Optimization via Evolutionary Computing Techniques. He has published more than 300 research papers in International Journals and Conferences.

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