Adsorption of methylene blue dye onto the natural liquid sugars-based carbon: Kinetic and thermodynamic
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Abstract
In this research, the sugarcane juice–derived carbon material (SJBC) was successfully synthesized by a simple, rapid, and one−step reaction for methylene blue adsorption. The SJBC was produced by the reaction of sugarcane juice with sulfuric acid. The characterization of the synthesized SJBC was performed by SEM, EDS, FTIR, and BET. The adsorption behaviors of SJBC products were investigated by the determination of the adsorption capacity of methylene blue. The optimum condition for the highest adsorption capacity was at pH 7 and contact time for 480 min. The kinetic, adsorption isotherm and thermodynamic of methylene blue onto SJCB were studied. Pseudo−second−order and Langmuir isotherm were best fitted for methylene blue removal. The maximum adsorption of methylene blue by SJBC was 121.9 mg/g. The thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy (ΔH > 0), entropy (ΔS < 0), and Gibbs free energy (ΔG < 0) were estimated which demonstrated the endothermic processability, the feasibility and the spontaneity of the methylene blue adsorption onto SJCB. The presence of salts (NaCl and MgCl2) and coexisting ions (Pb2+ and Zn2+) cause a decrease of the adsorption efficiency.
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