Antioxidant Activity, Anti-tyrosinase Activity and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra of Extract and Lotion from Germinated Seeds of Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper

Abstract

This study demonstrated different fingerprints of ethanol extracts, aqueous extracts, and lotion samples from germinated seeds of Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR). Moreover, their total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and tyrosinase inhibition were also determined. The results showed that ethanol and aqueous extracts of germinated V. mungo seeds had phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and tyrosinase inhibition. The ethanol extracts had the highest total phenolic content (40.77±7.80 mg gallic acid equivalents/g extract) and the strongest antioxidant activity (1/EC₅₀=0.009). The high tyrosinase inhibition was found in the lotion base (1/EC₅₀=3.5343), the lotion containing ethanol extracts (1/EC₅₀=1.4473), and aqueous extracts (1/EC₅₀=1.1896). A specific FTIR peak for ethanol extract and lotion samples was assigned to a range of 2853.42-2979.02 cm-1, and two specific peaks for ethanol extracts were at 1741.65-1742.7 and 1539.7-1543.25 cm-1. The FTIR peaks of the ethanol extract were observed in 11 wavenumber ranges higher than other samples. Interestingly, the principal component analysis and paired group clustering from the FTIR data, total phenolic content, and biological activities, were able to detect differentiation of the extracts and their lotion samples.