Fire Risk Estimation of Public-School Buildings in Thailand’s Rural Areas
Main Article Content
Abstract
Accidental and intentional fires that can pose a threat to people’s lives and destroy buildings. This study aimed to assess fire risk in 41 public school buildings in Ubon Ratchathani Universityaffiliated schools in rural areas using the risk level estimator found in BS8800. Data were gathered using a questionnaire and a checklist in compliance with Thailand’s fire control regulations. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics including frequency and percentage. The results showed that 90.14% of public-school buildings were at risk of fire. There were no proper and sufficient fire prevention and suppression systems that met Thailand’s fire regulations. Only one school successfully completed the fire prevention and suppression plan. However, most schools did not instruct students and staff in basic firefighting. Therefore, concerned agencies should consider reducing fire risk and creating fire safety policies to ensure greater safety when fires do occur, especially in schools.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
International Association of Fire and Rescue Services. CTIF report-world fire statistics [Internet]. [cited December 20, 2022]. Available from:https://www.ctif.org/sites/default/files/2018-06/CTIF_Report23_World_Fire_Statistics_2018_vs_2_0.pdf.
Liu Y, Liu W, Luan J, Tian Y. Research Progresses and Needs on Fire Safety of Rural Building in Southern Region of China. Earth Environ Sci 2019;371:032083.
Department of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation. Workshop report on Fire safety for all, 2016. Department of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation. Ministry of Interior. Thailand; 2016.
Department of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation. Fire Statistics. [Internet]. [cited December 15, 2022]. Available from: http://direct.disaster.go.th/cmsdetail.directing-7.191/35277/menu_4469/4095.1/
Katevong N. School fire report 2015. Ban Na Du school, Na Di Subdistrict, Na Yia District, Ubon Ratchayhani Province. 2015.
Phonhan S. School fire report 2016. Ban Don Klang School, That Subdistrict, Warin Chamrap District, Ubon Ratchayhani Province. 2016.
Chaisena S. School fire report 2019. Ban Nong Bok School, Nongkhainok Subdistrict, Muang Sam Sip District, Ubon Ratchayhani Province. 2019.
Department of Public Works and Town & Country Planning. Ministerial Regulation, issued by virtue of the Building Control Act,B.E. 2522 [Internet]. [cited December 20, 2022]. Available from: http://oldoffice.dpt.go.th/legal/images/pdf/legal_11.pdf
British Standard Institution. BS 8800: Guide to Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems. Health and Safety Commission; 2004.
Nunes FO. Application of a Configurable Model for Risk Assessment in the Work Sites. J Saf Sci Technol 2016; 6(4): 99-125.
Kungsadan K. Building fire safety assessment a case study of 2 storey building 36 meter high Sukhumvit soi Thonglor 20. Proceeding 14th National Academic Conference, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus. 2017.
Noisuwan Y, Chandarasorn V. Risk assessment on High-rise building in Khon Kaen Municipality, Mueang District, Khonkaen Province. Var 2013; 3(1): 29-44.
Akashah FW, Baaki TK, Lee SP. Fire Risk Assessment of Low Cost High Rise Residential Buildings in Kuala Lumpur: A Case Study. J Des Built Environ 2017; 124-39.
Liu F, Zhao S, Weng M, Liu Y. Fire risk assessment for large-scale commercial buildings based on structure entropy weight method. Saf Sci 2017; 94: 26-40.
Vorakarnchanabun N, Kongchot W, Pangwattanakul P, Vachirasakchai T. Building fire safety assessment a case study of 14 floors academic building. An independent study, Master of Science in Facility Management, Faculty of Architecture Sripratum University [Internet]. [cited December 20, 2022]. Available from: http://dspace.spu.ac.th/handle/123456789/3085
Wang Y, Ni X, Wang J, Hu Z, Lu K. A Comprehensive Investigation on the Fire Hazards and Environmental Risks in a Commercial Complex Based on Fault Tree Analysis and the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:7347.
Zou Q, Zhang T, Liu W. A fire risk assessment method based on the combination of quantified safety checklist and structure entropy weight for shopping malls. J Risk Reliab 2021; 1-17.
Omar M, Mahmoud A, Aziz SBA. Fire Safety Index for High-Rise Buildings in the Emirate of Sharjah, UAE. Fire 2023; 6:51.
Kodur V, Kumar P. Fire hazard in buildings: review, assessment and strategies for improving fire safety. PSU Res Rev 2019; 4(1): 1-23.
Ronchi E, Nilsson D. Fire evacuation in high-rise buildings: a review of human behaviour and modelling research. Fire Sci Rev 2013; 2:7.