Application of Scenedesmus Quadricauda Biosorbent for the Biosorption of Heavy Metals in Wastewater
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Abstract
Heavy metal contamination in wastewater is a critical environmental concern, affecting ecosystems, water quality, and food safety. Conventional treatment methods, including precipitation and ion exchange, are often resource-intensive and may inadequately remove heavy metals, allowing them to persist in the environment. This study investigated biosorption as a sustainable alternative, specifically evaluating the green microalga Scenedesmus quadricauda for the removal of copper and zinc ions from synthetic wastewater. Batch biosorption experiments were conducted under optimized conditions of pH 6, a contact time of 60 minutes, and a temperature of 28°C. The results revealed high removal efficiencies, with Scenedesmus quadricauda achieving 81% removal of copper and 73% of zinc. Further optimization of pH and biosorbent dosage enhanced performance, with copper removal reaching 91% at pH 6 and zinc removal at 82.85% with a biosorbent dose of 0.5 g/L. These findings demonstrate the efficiency of Scenedesmus quadricauda as an efficient biosorbent for heavy metal remediation, supporting studies on biosorption as a viable and environmentally friendly approach to wastewater treatment. This study thus highlights biosorption's potential as a long-term solution for mitigating heavy metal pollution in wastewater.
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