Green Synthesized Copper Oxide Incorporated on Transparent Nata de Coco Bacterial Cellulose Composite for Optical Detection of Cadmium(II) in Landfill Waste Leachate

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Published: Jun 30, 2026
Keywords:
Bacterial cellulose composite Copper(II) oxide (CuO) Cadmium Environmental monitoring Optical sensor

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Siti Linda Cahayani Fanihu
Departmen of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Halu Oleo University, Kendari 93231, Indonesia, Senior High School, Yayasan Ummusshabri, Kendari 93111, Indonesia
Abdul Haris Watoni
Departmen of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Halu Oleo University, Kendari 93231, Indonesia
Muhammad Yaqub Syamsul Rijal
Departmen of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Halu Oleo University, Kendari 93231, Indonesia
Wa Ode Nasyrah Rafiqa
Departmen of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Halu Oleo University, Kendari 93231, Indonesia
Suherman Suherman
Departmen of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Gajah Mada University, Yogyakarta 55223, Indonesia
Kila Dayana Putri
Departmen of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Halu Oleo University, Kendari 93231, Indonesia
La Ode Ahmad Nur Ramadhan
Departmen of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Halu Oleo University, Kendari 93231, Indonesia

Abstract

Reliable analytical techniques with low detection limits for cadmium are essential for environmental monitoring. This study developed transparent nata de coco bacterial cellulose films incorporated with copper(II) oxide (CuO) nanostructures for optical detection of cadmium(II) in landfill leachate. The cellulose–CuO composite film was produced through bacterial cellulose fermentation using Acetobacter xylinum, CuO nanostructure synthesis via alkaline precipitation and thermal treatment, and incorporation of CuO into transparent cellulose films. Dragon fruit peel extract served as a natural capping and stabilizing agent, while epoxy resin reinforcement improved film durability. The sensor’s optical response to cadmium(II) was evaluated by UV–Vis spectrophotometry. The composite film showed excellent analytical performance with an RSD of 0.46%, recovery of 104.7%, LOD and LOQ of 0.04993 ppm and 0.05133 ppm, respectively, and robustness RSD of 0.7%, demonstrating its potential as an environmentally friendly sensor for rapid cadmium detection.

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How to Cite
Siti Linda Cahayani Fanihu, Abdul Haris Watoni, Muhammad Yaqub Syamsul Rijal, Wa Ode Nasyrah Rafiqa, Suherman Suherman, Kila Dayana Putri, & La Ode Ahmad Nur Ramadhan. (2026). Green Synthesized Copper Oxide Incorporated on Transparent Nata de Coco Bacterial Cellulose Composite for Optical Detection of Cadmium(II) in Landfill Waste Leachate. Science & Technology Asia, 31(2), 238–255. retrieved from https://ph02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/SciTechAsia/article/view/258797
Issue
Vol.31 No.2 (April-June 2026)
Section
Biological sciences
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

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