Simulation-Based Study of Fire Suppression Guidelines at Chatuchak Weekend Market Using the GAMA Platform
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Abstract
We developed an integer linear programming model in conjunction with simulation programming on the GAMA platform to plan fire suppression strategies, with a focus on resource allocation, specifically the number of firefighters and fire trucks, in order to minimize potential damage. This study uses the Chatuchak weekend market, located in Chatuchak District, Bangkok, Thailand, as a case study. The results from the model indicate that Zones 25 (Wood Carving, Spa, & Incense) and 28 (Second-hand Clothing, & Shoes) are the most difficult area for firefighters to access. Based on simulations conducted with GAMA, it was determined for example that if a fire starts in Zone 18 (Clothing, Camping Gear, & Leather Goods), two fire trucks, each carrying five firefighters, should be deployed. This approach results in the lowest median damage, affecting 15 shop units. The incident was resolved within 4 hours and 12 minutes on average. Conversely, if a fire starts in Zone 15 (Silverware, & Home Decoration), the optimal response involves deploying seven firefighters equipped with portable extinguishers on foot to be able to extinguish the incident within 1 hour and 47 minutes on average, and minimize damage to a median of 4.5 shop units. For fires in other zones, the simulation can similarly assign resource allocation and response strategies.
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