Dragonfly Algorithm-Optimized Time-Varying Synergetic Control for Droplet Positioning in EWOD Systems
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Abstract
This paper presents the design and implementation of a Time-Varying Synergetic
Controller (TVSC) for precise droplet position control in an Electrowetting-on-Dielectric
(EWOD) system. The proposed controller integrates the advantages of synergetic control (SC) and time-varying sliding mode control to enhance convergence speed while eliminating chattering in the control input. The TVSC approach utilizes macro variables derived from a time-varying sliding surface to achieve smooth and stable actuation. To optimize the controller parameters, a meta-heuristic dragonfly optimization algorithm (DA) is employed. The stability of the proposed control scheme is analytically validated using the Lyapunov stability theorem. Simulation studies are conducted to evaluate the performance of TVSC in comparison to conventional SC and Sliding Mode Control (SMC) under both translational and periodic droplet motion scenarios. The results demonstrate that TVSC achieves a faster convergence rate than SC while mitigating the chattering effect inherent in SMC. Additionally, under the influence of external disturbances, TVSC maintains superior robustness and precision in droplet positioning. This study highlights the effectiveness of TVSC in EWOD based microfluidic applications
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