Separation and Determination of Rutin in Apples by High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Abstract

Rutin is a flavonol glycoside and its main function in the body is to help the body strengthen arteries and veins, and harden bones and teeth. It is found in many fruits such as in apples. The aim of this research work is to develop a simple and fast high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the determination of rutin. The separation of rutin by HPLC was performed using a monolithic C18 column at detected wavelength, 356 nm. The optimal composition of mobile phase was methanol-water (40-60 v/v) in 10 mM acetate buffer. This condition provided a retention time of rutin at 2.92 min. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.32 μg/mL (sample loop=5 μL), and %RSD (n=5) of retention time, peak area, and peak height were 0.052, 0.635, and 0.578, respectively. This method has been successfully applied for the determination of rutin in apple juices. The results showed the highest concentration of rutin was found in green (14.3 μg/mL), followed by Fuji (5.7 μg/mL) and red delicious (1.4 μg/mL) apples, respectively.

Keywords: rutin, apple, high performance liquid chromatography