การใช้ปูนซีเมนต์ปอร์ตแลนด์และนาโนซิลิกาในจีโอโพลิเมอร์คอนกรีตจากเถ้าลอย
คำสำคัญ:
จีโอโพลิเมอร์คอนกรีต, ปูนซีเมนต์ปอร์ตแลนด์, นาโนซิลิกา, เถ้าลอยบทคัดย่อ
งานวิจัยนี้ได้ทำการศึกษาสมบัติทางกลและความทนทานของเถ้าลอยจีโอโพลิเมอร์คอนกรีตที่ใช้ปูนซีเมนต์ปอร์ตแลนด์ประเภทที่ 1 (OPC) และนาโนซิลิกา (nS) ในส่วนผสม ทำการแทนที่เถ้าลอยแคลเซียมสูง (HCF) ด้วย OPC ร้อยละ 5, 10 และ 15 โดยน้ำหนัก และใส่ nS เพิ่มร้อยละ 1, 2 และ 3 โดยน้ำหนักของเถ้าลอย ทำการทดสอบค่าการไหลแผ่ กำลัง การดูดซึมน้ำ การแทรกซึมของคลอไรด์ และการทนทานการกัดกร่อนของกรดซัลฟูริค ผลการทดสอบแสดงให้เห็นว่าการใช้ OPC มีแนวโน้มทำให้ความสามารถในการทำงานได้ของจีโอโพลิเมอร์คอนกรีตลดลง ส่วนการใช้ nS ทำให้ความสามารถในการทำงานได้ของจีโอโพลิเมอร์คอนกรีตไม่เปลี่ยนแปลงมาก จีโอโพลิเมอร์คอนกรีตที่ใช้ OPC และ nS ในส่วนผสมให้กำลังสูงกว่าส่วนผสมที่ใช้เถ้าลอยล้วน นอกจากนั้นยังพบว่าการใช้ OPC สามารถต้านทานการแทรกซึมของคลอไรด์ได้ดีขณะที่ความทนทานต่อการกัดกร่อนกรดซัลฟูริคมีแนวโน้มลดลง ส่วนการใช้ nS ทำให้การต้านทานการแทรกซึมของคลอไรด์และความทนทานต่อกัดกร่อนของกรดซัลฟูริคลดลง
เอกสารอ้างอิง
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2. Chindaprasirt P, De Silva P, Sagoe-Crentsil K, Hanjitsuwan S. Effect of SiO2 and Al2O3 on the setting and hardening of high calcium fly ash-based geopolymer systems. Journal of materials science. 2012; 47: 4876-4883.
3. Gao K, Lin K, Wang D, Hwang C, Shiu H, Chang Y, Cheng T. Effects SiO2/Na2O molar ratio on mechanical properties and the microstructure of nano-SiO2 metakaolin-based geopolymers. Construction and building materials. 2014; 53: 503-510.
4. Nath P, Sarker PK. Effect of GGBFS on setting, workability and early strength properties of fly ash geopolymer concrete cured in ambient condition. Construction and building materials. 2014; 66: 163-171.
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7. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C267-01, Standard test method for chemical resistance of mortars, grouts, and monolithic surfacings and polymer concretes. 2012.
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9. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C642-13, Standard test method for density, absorption, and voids in hardened concrete. 2013.
10. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C39/C39M-16b, Standard test method for compressive strength of cylindrical concrete specimens. 2016.
11. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C496/C496M-11, Standard test method for splitting tensile strength of cylindrical concrete specimens. 2016.
12. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C78/78M-16, Standard test method for flexural strength of concrete (using sample beam with third-point loading). 2016.
13. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C1585-13, Standard test method for measurement of rate of absorption of water by hydraulic cement concrete. 2013.
14. Nath P, Sarker PK. Use of OPC to improve setting and early strength properties of low calcium fly ash geopolymer concrete cured at room temperature. Cement and concrete composites. 2015; 55: 205-14.
15. Bernal J, Reyes E, Massana J, Leon N, Sanchez E. Fresh and mechanical behavior of a self-compacting concrete with additions of nano-silica, silica fume and ternary mixtures. Construction and building materials. 2018; 160: 196-210.
16. Posi P, Thongjapo P, Thamultree N, Boontee P, Kasemsiri P, Chindaprasirt P. Pressed lightweight fly ash-OPC geopolymer concrete containing recycled lightweight concrete aggregate. Construction and building materials. 2016; 127: 450-456.
17. Provis JL, Myers RJ, White CE, Rose V, Deventer JSJ. X-ray microtomography shows pore structure and tortuosity in alkali-activated binders. Cement and concrete research. 2012; 42: 855-864.
18. He P, Wang M, Fu S, Jia D, Yan S, Yuan j, Xu J, Wang P, Zhou Y. Effects of Si/Al ratio on the structure and properties of metakaolin based geopolymer. Ceramics international. 2016; 42: 14416-14422.
19. Gao K, Lin K, Wang D, Hwang C, Tuan B, Shiu H, Cheng T. Effect of nano-SiO2 on the alkali-activated chracteristics of metakaolin-based geopolymers. Construction and building materials. 2013; 48: 441-447.
20. Du H, Du S, Liu X. Durability performances of concrete with nano-silica. Construction and building materials. 2014; 73: 705-712.
21. Tennakoon C, Shayan A, Sanjayan JG, Xu A. Chloride ingress and steel corrosion in geopolymer concrete based on long term tests. Materials & design. 2017; 116: 287-299.
22. Shaikh F, Supit SWM. Chloride induced corrosion durability of high volume fly ash concretes containing nano particles. Construction and building materials. 2015; 99: 208-225.
23. Zibara H, Hooton RD, Thomas MDA, Stanish K. Influence of the C/S and C/A ratios of hydration products on the chloride ion binding capacity of lime-SF and lime-MK mixtures. Cement and concrete research. 2008; 38: 422-426.
24. Lee NK, Lee HK. Influence of the slag content on the chloride and sulfuric acid resistances of alkali-activated fly ash/slag paste. Cement and concrete composites. 2016; 72: 168-179.
25. Chindaprasirt P, Rattanasak U, Taebuanhuad S. Resistance to acid and sulfate solutions of microwave-assisted high calcium fly ash geopolymer. Materials and structures. 2013; 46: 375-381.
26. Monteny J, De Belie B, Taerwe L. Resistance of difference types of concrete mixtures to sulfuric acid. Materials and structures. 2013; 47: 242-249.
2. Chindaprasirt P, De Silva P, Sagoe-Crentsil K, Hanjitsuwan S. Effect of SiO2 and Al2O3 on the setting and hardening of high calcium fly ash-based geopolymer systems. Journal of materials science. 2012; 47: 4876-4883.
3. Gao K, Lin K, Wang D, Hwang C, Shiu H, Chang Y, Cheng T. Effects SiO2/Na2O molar ratio on mechanical properties and the microstructure of nano-SiO2 metakaolin-based geopolymers. Construction and building materials. 2014; 53: 503-510.
4. Nath P, Sarker PK. Effect of GGBFS on setting, workability and early strength properties of fly ash geopolymer concrete cured in ambient condition. Construction and building materials. 2014; 66: 163-171.
5. Somna R, Jaturapitakkul C, Amde AM. Effect of ground fly ash and ground bagasse ash on durability of recycled aggregate concrete. Cement and concrete composites. 2012; 34: 848-854.
6. Rerkpiboon A, Tangchirapat W, Jaturapitakkuk C. Strength, chloride resistance, and expansion of concretes containing ground bagasse ash. Construction and building materials. 2015; 101: 983-989.
7. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C267-01, Standard test method for chemical resistance of mortars, grouts, and monolithic surfacings and polymer concretes. 2012.
8. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C1611/1611M-14, Standard test method for slump flow of self-consolidating concrete. 2014.
9. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C642-13, Standard test method for density, absorption, and voids in hardened concrete. 2013.
10. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C39/C39M-16b, Standard test method for compressive strength of cylindrical concrete specimens. 2016.
11. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C496/C496M-11, Standard test method for splitting tensile strength of cylindrical concrete specimens. 2016.
12. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C78/78M-16, Standard test method for flexural strength of concrete (using sample beam with third-point loading). 2016.
13. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C1585-13, Standard test method for measurement of rate of absorption of water by hydraulic cement concrete. 2013.
14. Nath P, Sarker PK. Use of OPC to improve setting and early strength properties of low calcium fly ash geopolymer concrete cured at room temperature. Cement and concrete composites. 2015; 55: 205-14.
15. Bernal J, Reyes E, Massana J, Leon N, Sanchez E. Fresh and mechanical behavior of a self-compacting concrete with additions of nano-silica, silica fume and ternary mixtures. Construction and building materials. 2018; 160: 196-210.
16. Posi P, Thongjapo P, Thamultree N, Boontee P, Kasemsiri P, Chindaprasirt P. Pressed lightweight fly ash-OPC geopolymer concrete containing recycled lightweight concrete aggregate. Construction and building materials. 2016; 127: 450-456.
17. Provis JL, Myers RJ, White CE, Rose V, Deventer JSJ. X-ray microtomography shows pore structure and tortuosity in alkali-activated binders. Cement and concrete research. 2012; 42: 855-864.
18. He P, Wang M, Fu S, Jia D, Yan S, Yuan j, Xu J, Wang P, Zhou Y. Effects of Si/Al ratio on the structure and properties of metakaolin based geopolymer. Ceramics international. 2016; 42: 14416-14422.
19. Gao K, Lin K, Wang D, Hwang C, Tuan B, Shiu H, Cheng T. Effect of nano-SiO2 on the alkali-activated chracteristics of metakaolin-based geopolymers. Construction and building materials. 2013; 48: 441-447.
20. Du H, Du S, Liu X. Durability performances of concrete with nano-silica. Construction and building materials. 2014; 73: 705-712.
21. Tennakoon C, Shayan A, Sanjayan JG, Xu A. Chloride ingress and steel corrosion in geopolymer concrete based on long term tests. Materials & design. 2017; 116: 287-299.
22. Shaikh F, Supit SWM. Chloride induced corrosion durability of high volume fly ash concretes containing nano particles. Construction and building materials. 2015; 99: 208-225.
23. Zibara H, Hooton RD, Thomas MDA, Stanish K. Influence of the C/S and C/A ratios of hydration products on the chloride ion binding capacity of lime-SF and lime-MK mixtures. Cement and concrete research. 2008; 38: 422-426.
24. Lee NK, Lee HK. Influence of the slag content on the chloride and sulfuric acid resistances of alkali-activated fly ash/slag paste. Cement and concrete composites. 2016; 72: 168-179.
25. Chindaprasirt P, Rattanasak U, Taebuanhuad S. Resistance to acid and sulfate solutions of microwave-assisted high calcium fly ash geopolymer. Materials and structures. 2013; 46: 375-381.
26. Monteny J, De Belie B, Taerwe L. Resistance of difference types of concrete mixtures to sulfuric acid. Materials and structures. 2013; 47: 242-249.
