Characterization of Diluted-acid Pretreatment of Water Hyacinth
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Published:
Dec 19, 2019
Keywords:
Sulfuric acid Water hyacinth Lignocellulosic biomass Pretreatment Crystallinity
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Abstract
Water hyacinth (WH) is an abundant renewable lignocellulosic biomass. The renewable resources are widely studied to produce bioenergy and high value added products. The obstacle of converting the lignocellulosic biomass to products due to its recalcitrant structure, required disruption to enhance the chemical or enzyme accessibility. The aim of this study is to investigate the possibility of WH pretreatment with dilute sulfuric acid (DSA). The addition of sulfuric acid in pretreatment process was varied concentration at 1, 2, 3, and 4% (v/v). The chemical component was analyzed to optimize the pretreatment condition. The results showed that the 2% sulfuric acid had effect on cellulose recovery. The morphological changes of WH due to pretreatment were determined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The images showed the destructive surface of all treated samples. The intact surface of native WH was destroyed after pretreatment process while the increment of acid concentration increased the rough surfaces. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used for analyzing functional groups and crystallinity, respectively. The FTIR patterns of DSA treated WH were slightly different due to the remained components in samples. The results showed the highest crystallinity index was 55% which was obtained from pretreated WH with 2% sulfuric acid, 80°C, 60 min. In the present study, it was found that DSA pretreatment is possible to modify the chemical structure of WH for developing economical processes.
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Boontum, A., Phetsom, J., Rodiahwati, W., Kitsubthawee, K., & Kuntothom, T. (2019). Characterization of Diluted-acid Pretreatment of Water Hyacinth. Applied Science and Engineering Progress, 12(4), 253–263. Retrieved from https://ph02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/ijast/article/view/232564
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References
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[9] A. B. Pitaloka, H. S. Asep, and N. Mohammad, “Water hyacinth for superabsorbent polymer material,” World Applied Sciences Journal, vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 747–754, 2013.
[10] K. Alagu, H. Venu, J. Jayaraman, V. D. Raju, L. Subramani, P. Appavu, and S. Dhanasekar, “Novel water hyacinth biodiesel as a potential alternative fuel for existing unmodified diesel engine: Performance, combustion and emission characteristics,” Energy, vol. 179, pp. 295–305, 2019.
[11] H. Venu, D. Venkataraman, P. Purushothaman, and D. R. Vallapudi, “Eichhornia crassipes biodiesel as a renewable green fuel for diesel engine applications: Performance, combustion, and emission characteristics,” Environmental Science and Pollution Research, pp. 1–14, 2019.
[12] V. B. Barua and A. S. Kalamdhad, “Biogas production from water hyacinth in a novel anaerobic digester: A continuous study,” Process Safety and Environmental Protection, vol. 127, pp. 82–89, 2019.
[13] I. Sunwoo, J. E. Kwon, T. H. Nguyen, G. T. Jeong, and S. K. Kim, “Ethanol production from water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) hydrolysate by hyper-thermal acid hydrolysis, enzymatic saccharification and yeasts adapted to high concentration of xylose,” Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, pp. 1–8, 2019.
[14] S. Rezania, M. F. M. Din, S. F. Kamaruddin, S. M. Taib, L. Singh, E. L. Yong, and F. A. Dahalan, “Evaluation of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) as a potential raw material source for briquette production,” Energy, vol. 111, pp. 768–773, 2016.
[15] A. Kumar, L. K. Singh, and S. Ghosh, “Bioconversion of lignocellulosic fraction of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) hemicellulose acid hydrolysate to ethanol by Pichia stipitis,” Bioresour Technology, vol. 100, pp. 3293–3297, 2009.
[16] A. M. Boudet, S. Kajita, J. Grima-Pettenati, and D. Goffner, “Lignins and lignocellulosics: A better control of synthesis for new and improved uses,” Trends in Plant Science, vol. 8, no. 12, pp. 576–581. 2003.
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[18] N. Mosier, C. Wyman, B. Dale, R. Elander, Y. Y. Lee, M. Holtzapple, and M. Ladisch, “Features of promising technologies for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass,” Bioresource Technology, vol. 96, no. 6, pp. 673–686, 2005.
[19] W. Rodiahwati and M. Sriariyanun, “Lignocellulosic biomass to biofuel production: Integration of chemical and extrusion (screw press) pretreatment,” KMUTNB Int J Appl Sci Technol, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 289–298, 2016.
[20] E. Tomás-Pejó, P. Alvira, M. Ballesteros, and M. J. Negro, “Pretreatment technologies for lignocellulose-to-bioethanol conversion,” in Biofuels. Massachusetts: Academic press, 2011, pp. 149–176.
[21] N. Srivastava, R. Rawat, H. Singh Oberoi, and P. W. Ramteke, “A review on fuel ethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass,” International Journal of Green Energy, vol. 12, no. 9, pp. 949–960, 2015.
[22] M. Narra, J. Divecha, D. Shah, V. Balasubramanian, B. Vyas, M. Harijan, and K. Macwan, “Cellulase production, simultaneous saccharification and fermentation in a single vessel: A new approach for production of bio-ethanol from mild alkali pretreated water hyacinth,” Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 2176– 2181, 2017.
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