Performance Enhancement of Recycled Aggregate Concrete – An Experimental Study
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Published:
Oct 20, 2021
Keywords:
Recycled aggregates Normal mixing approach Two-stage mixing approach Sand enveloped mixing approach Mechanical properties
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Abstract
Extensive studies have been performed on the mechanical and durability properties of the concrete prepared with recycled coarse aggregates (RCA), however, only the modest consideration has been given to the studies on the behavior of RAC prepared by different mixing approach techniques. This study presented the mechanical properties of the recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) with different percentages of RCA prepared by normal mixing approach (NMA), two-stage mixing approach (TSMA) and sand enveloped mixing approach (SEMA) techniques. The manufactured concrete mixtures were tested for compression, tension, flexure and elastic modulus at 7, 28 and 90 days. The results indicated that the mechanical properties of the RAC (with 100% of RCA) prepared through TSMA and SEMA were improved by 9.36 and 12.14% at 28 days. Prolonged, prolonged curing to TSMA and SEMA mixtures improved the mechanical properties of the RAC that was nearly equal to normal aggregate concrete (NAC) prepared by NMA.
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Jagan, S., Neelakantan, T. R., & Saravanakumar, P. (2021). Performance Enhancement of Recycled Aggregate Concrete – An Experimental Study. Applied Science and Engineering Progress, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.14416/j.asep.2021.07.003
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Research Articles
References
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[33] S. Jagan, T. R. Neelakantan, P. Saravana kumar, C. Mugesh Kanna, H. Vignesh Harish, and M. R. Akash, “Efficient utilization of recycled concrete aggregates for structural applications – An experimental study,” Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol. 97, pp. 567–579, 2021.
[34] R. Santos, F. A. Branco, and J. Brito, “Compressive strength, modulus of elasticity and drying shrinkage of concrete with coarse recycled concrete,” in Proceedings of International Association for Housing Science (IAHS) World Congress on Housing, 2017, pp. 1685–1691.
[35] M. Exteberria, “The suitability of concrete using recycled aggregates (RAs) for high-performance concrete,” Advances in Construction and Demolition Waste Recycling, Duxford, UK: Wood head Publishers, pp. 253–284, 2020, doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-819055-5.00013-9.
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[37] T. Noguchi, W. J. Park, Da. Young, and S. H. Shin, “Modulus of elasticity of recycled aggregate concrete,” Magazine of Concrete Research, vol. 67, pp. 585–591, 2015.
[38] B. A. Harish, N. Venkata Ramana, and K. Gnaneswar, “Experimental and analytical studies on recycled coarse aggregate concrete,” Materials Today: Proceedings, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020. 08.041.
[39] S. Jagan, T. R. Neelakantan, L. Reddy, and R. Gokul Kannan, “Characterization study on recycled coarse aggregate for its utilization in concrete – A review,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1706, 2020, Art. no. 012120.
[2] J. V. Puthussery, R. Kumar, and A. Garg, “Evaluation of recycled concrete aggregates for their suitability in construction activities - An experimental study,” Waste Management, vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 270–276, 2017.
[3] A. Koper, W. Koper, and M. Koper, “Influence of raw concrete material quality on selected properties of recycled concrete aggregates,” Procedia Engineering, vol. 172, pp. 536–543, 2017.
[4] J. Lavado, J. Bogas, J. de Brito, and A. Hawreen, “Fresh properties of recycled aggregate concrete,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 233, no. 10, p. 117322, 2020.
[5] A. S. Abdel-Hay, “Properties of recycled concrete aggregate under different curing conditions,” HBRC Journal, vol.13, no. 3, pp. 271–276, 2017.
[6] N. K. Bui, T. Satomi, and H. Takahashi, “Improvement of mechanical properties of recycled aggregate concrete based on a new combination method between recycled aggregate and natural aggregate,” Construction and Building materials, vol. 148, no. 1, pp. 376–385, 2017.
[7] A. Mwasha and R. Ramnath, “Manufacturing concrete with high compressive strength using recycled aggregates,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, vol. 30, no. 8, p. 04018182, 2018.
[8] J. Pacheco, J. de Brito, C. Chastre, and L. Evangelista, “Experimental investigation on the variability of the main mechanical properties of concrete produced with coarse recycled concrete aggregates,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 201, pp. 110–120, 2019.
[9] A. A. M. Ali, R. S. Zidan, and T. W. Ahmed, “Evaluation of high-strength concrete made with recycled aggregate under effect of well water,” Case studies in Construction Materials, vol. 12, p. 00338, 2020.
[10] L. D. B. P. Vieira, A. D. De Figueiredo, and V. M. John, “Evaluation of the use of crushed returned concrete as recycled aggregate in ready-mix concrete plant,” Journal of Building Engineering, vol. 31, p. 101408, 2020.
[11] N. Sony and D. Shukla, “Analytical study on mechanical properties of concrete containing crushed recycled coarse aggregate as an alternative of natural sand,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 266, p. 120595, Jan. 2021.
[12] S. C. Kou, C. S. Poon, and D. Chan, “Influence of fly ash as cement replacement on the properties of recycled aggregate concrete,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, vol. 19, no. 9, pp. 709–717, 2007.
[13] Z. Liu, C. S. Cai, H. Peng, and F. Fan, “Experimental study of the geopolymeric recycled aggregate concrete,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, vol. 28, no. 9, p. 04016077, 2016.
[14] P. Saravanakumar and G. Dhinakaran, “Mechanical and durability properties of slag based recycled aggregate concrete,” IJST Transactions of Civil Engineering, vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 271–282, 2015.
[15] P. Revathi, R. R. Amirthavalli, and K. Lavanya, “Influence of treatment methods on the strength and performance characteristics of recycled aggregate concrete,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, vol. 27, no. 5, p. 04014168, 2015.
[16] J. Junak and A. Sicakova, “Concrete containing recycled concrete aggregate with modified surface,” Procedia Engineering, vol. 180, pp. 1284–1291, 2017.
[17] V. W. Y. Tam, X. F. Gao, and C. M. Tam, “Microstructural analysis of recycled aggregate concrete produced from two-stage mixing approach,” Cement and Concrete Research, vol. 35, no. 6, pp. 1195–1203, 2005.
[18] V. W. Y. Tam, C. M. Tam, and Y. Wang, “Optimization on proportion for recycled aggregate in concrete using two-stage mixing approach,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 21, no. 10, pp. 1928–1939, 2007.
[19] V. W. Y. Tam and C. M. Tam, “Diversifying two-stage mixing approach (TSMA) for recycled aggregate concrete: TSMAs and TSMAsc,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 22, no. 10, pp. 2068–2077, 2008.
[20] Y. C. Liang, Z. M. Ye, F. Vernerey, and Y. Xi, “Development of processing methods to improve strength of concrete with 100% recycled coarse aggregate,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, vol. 27, no. 5, p. 04014163, May 2015.
[21] J. Andal, M. Shehata, and P. Zacarias, “Properties of concrete containing recycled concrete aggregate of preserved quality,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 125, pp. 842–855, 2016.
[22] T. Ozbakkaloglu, A. Gholampour, and T. Xie, “Mechanical and durability properties of recycled aggregate concrete: Effect of recycled aggregate properties and content,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, vol. 30, no. 2, 04017275, 2018.
[23] R. Faysal, M. Maslehuddin, M. Shameem, S. Ahmad, and S. K. Adekunle, “Effect of mineral additives and two‑stage mixing on the performance of recycled aggregate concrete,” Journal of Materials Cycles and Waste Management, vol. 22, pp. 1587– 1601, 2020.
[24] Standard Specification for Portland Cement, ASTM C150, 2020.
[25] R. Mi, G. Pan, K. M. Liew, and T. Kuang, “Utilizing recycled aggregate concrete in sustainable construction for a required compressive strength ratio,” Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 276, p. 124249, Dec. 2020.
[26] N. Y. Ho, P. K. L. Yang, F. L. Wee, Z. Tarek, C. C. Keat, L. L. Giau, and K. T. Seng, “Efficient utilization of recycled concrete aggregate in structural concrete,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 318–327, 2013.
[27] S. B. Huda and M. S. Alam, “Mechanical behavior of three generations of 100% repeated recycled coarse aggregate concrete,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 65, pp. 574–582, 2014.
[28] D. Kong, T. Lei, J. Zheng, C. Ma, J. Jiang, and J. Jiang, “Effect and mechanism of surfacecoating pozzolanic materials around aggregate on properties and ITZ microstructure of recycled aggregate concrete,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 701–708, 2010.
[29] Standard Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic- Cement Concrete, ASTM C143, 2020.
[30] Standard Test Method for Density, Absorption, and Voids in Hardened Concrete, ASTM C642, 2013.
[31] Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens, ASTM C39, 2021.
[32] Standard Test Method for Splitting Tensile Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens, ASTM C496, 2017.
[33] S. Jagan, T. R. Neelakantan, P. Saravana kumar, C. Mugesh Kanna, H. Vignesh Harish, and M. R. Akash, “Efficient utilization of recycled concrete aggregates for structural applications – An experimental study,” Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol. 97, pp. 567–579, 2021.
[34] R. Santos, F. A. Branco, and J. Brito, “Compressive strength, modulus of elasticity and drying shrinkage of concrete with coarse recycled concrete,” in Proceedings of International Association for Housing Science (IAHS) World Congress on Housing, 2017, pp. 1685–1691.
[35] M. Exteberria, “The suitability of concrete using recycled aggregates (RAs) for high-performance concrete,” Advances in Construction and Demolition Waste Recycling, Duxford, UK: Wood head Publishers, pp. 253–284, 2020, doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-819055-5.00013-9.
[36] N. Kisku, P. Rajhans, S. K. Panda, V. Pandey, and S. Nayak, “Micro structural investigation of recycled aggregate concrete produced by adopting equal mortar volume method along with two stage mixing approach,” Structures, vol. 24, pp. 742–753, 2020.
[37] T. Noguchi, W. J. Park, Da. Young, and S. H. Shin, “Modulus of elasticity of recycled aggregate concrete,” Magazine of Concrete Research, vol. 67, pp. 585–591, 2015.
[38] B. A. Harish, N. Venkata Ramana, and K. Gnaneswar, “Experimental and analytical studies on recycled coarse aggregate concrete,” Materials Today: Proceedings, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020. 08.041.
[39] S. Jagan, T. R. Neelakantan, L. Reddy, and R. Gokul Kannan, “Characterization study on recycled coarse aggregate for its utilization in concrete – A review,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1706, 2020, Art. no. 012120.