Optimal Design and Techno-economic Analysis for Corncob Particles Briquettes: A Literature Review of the Utilization of Agricultural Waste and Analysis Calculation
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Abstract
Corncob is usually disposed of directly as waste, creating environmental problems, while it can be converted into valuable materials. This research aimed to evaluate the literature review on briquette production from agricultural waste by using non-binder and cold press with a binder. The techno-economic analysis was conducted to select the optimal processing method and to propose an optimal design for the production of briquette from corncob waste. The engineering perspective based on stoichiometry and mass balance showed the potential corncob briquette manufacture in both home and large scales due to the possible use of inexpensive and commercially available equipment and raw materials. The economic perspective based on several economic evaluation factors (i.e., gross profit margin, payback period, break-even point, cumulative net present value, return of investment, internal rate return, and profitability index) under ideal and non-ideal conditions by considering internal (i.e., sales, raw materials, utilities, and variable cost) and external aspects (i.e., tax) confirmed the prospective development of the project in the large-scale production with a lifetime of more than 18 years The main issue in the project is the raw material (i.e., tapioca flour), giving the most impact on the project’s feasibility. Even in severe conditions, the project is feasible. The great endurance was also confirmed in the case of a higher tax rate. This study demonstrates the importance of producing corncob-based briquettes to improve economic value and give alternative for problem solvers in the utilization of agricultural waste.
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References
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