Antifungal Activity of Silver Nanoparticles with the Potential to Control Fungal Contamination in the Male Inflorescences of Palmyra Palm
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Abstract
Fungal contamination of the male inflorescences of palmyra palm (Borassus flabellifer Linn.) is a serious problem during their storage prior to being used as the raw material for making the local One-Tambon- One-Product, a cloth holder known as “Nguang Taan Hom” made by the Phutaan Entrepreneurship, Takua Thung District Phangnga Province, Thailand. Morphological and molecular techniques were used to identify the isolated fungi from male palmyra palm inflorescences. Three major fungal strains Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus sclerotiorum were studied for antifungal activities and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was found to range from 13.5–27 mg mL–1. Then, the efficiency of the AgNPs and silver nanoparticles stabilizing by Polyvinylpyrrolidone (AgNPs-PVP) on the male palmyra palm inflorescences was studied by constructing a chamber model over a period of 9 weeks. The results showed that the group inoculated with Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus sclerotiorum spores developed fungal growth after 4 weeks whereas no fungal growth was observed in the group treated with AgNPs and AgNPs-PVP at 27 μg/mL until week 7, indicating that dipping with either AgNPs or AgNPs-PVP is able to inhibit the growth of the fungi which cause damage to raw materials and also threaten human health. Therefore, it can effectively extend the storage time of male palmyra inflorescences.
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