Acoustic, Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Luffa/Jute Fiber-Reinforced Bio-Composites
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Due to the growing environmental awareness, more attention has been drawn to finding alternative fiber sources to curb deforestation and reduce the usage of synthetic fiber. In the current work, an attempt was made to hybrid bio-composites using the blended fibers of Luffa and Jute in different ratios. Eight different needle-punched nonwoven fabric samples were prepared with the variation of fiber blend ratios. Both the fibers were pre-treated with a 3% alkali concentration to enhance the bonding property with the resin. After this process, the polymer composites were produced using epoxy resin through the compression molding technique. The investigations, such as physical, mechanical, water absorption, dynamic mechanical (DMA), and acoustic properties of the composite material were analyzed systematically. The mechanical and DMA properties were appreciable for composites with higher jute content, whereas acoustic properties were higher for composites with higher Luffa content. Based on the findings, the hybrid composites showed effective functional performance in load-bearing and acoustic applications.
Article Details
References
M. Ali, A. Liu, H. Sou, and N. Chouw, “Mechanical and dynamic properties of coconut fibre reinforced concrete,” Constrction and Building Materials, vol. 30, pp. 814–825, 2012, doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.12.068.
R. Phiri, S. M. Rangappa, S. Siengchin, and D. Marinkovic “Agro-waste natural fiber sample preparation techniques for bio-composites development: methodological insights,” Facta Universitatis, Series: Mechanical Engineering, vol. 21, pp. 631–656, 2023, doi: 10.22190/ FUME230905046P.
M. Tascan, E. and A. Vaughn, “Effects of total surface area and fabric density on the acoustical behavior of needle punched nonwoven fabrics,” Textile Researh Journal, vol. 78, pp. 289–296, 2008, doi: 10.1177/0040517507084283.
F. Gapsari, L. Djakfar, R. P. Handajani, Y. A. Yusran, S. Hidayatullah, Suteja, S. M. Rangappa, and S. Siengchin, “The application of timoho fiber coating to improve the composite performance,” Results in Enginering, vol. 15, 2022, Art. no. 100499, doi: 10.1016/J.RINENG.2022.100499.
Y. Lee and C. Joo, “Sound absorption properties of recycled polyester fibrous assembly absorbers,” Autex Research Journal, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 78–84, 2003.
K. Diharjo, F. Gapsari, A. Andoko, M. N. Wijaya, S. M. Rangappa, and S. Siengchin “Flammability and thermal resistance of Ceiba petandra fiber-reinforced composite with snail powder filler,” Polymer Composite, vol. 45, pp. 4947–4960, 2024, doi:10.1002/PC.28100.
F. Gapsari, A. Purnowidodo, P. H. Setyarini, S. Suteja, Z. Abidin, S. M. Rangappa, and S. Siengchin, “Flammability and mechanical properties of Timoho fiber-reinforced polyester composite combined with iron powder filler,” Journal of Material Research and Technology, vol. 21, pp. 212–219, 2022, doi: 10.1016/J.JMRT.2022.09.025.
A. Andoko, F. Gapsari, I. Wijatmiko, K. Diharjo, S. M. Rangappa, and S. Siengchin “Performance of carbon fiber (CF)/Ceiba petandra fiber (CPF) reinforced hybrid polymer composites for lightweight high-performance applications,” Journal of Material Research and Technology, vol. 27, pp. 7636–7644, 2023, doi: 10.1016/J.JMRT.2023.11.103.
M. Küçük and Y. Korkmaz, “The effect of physical parameters on sound absorption properties of natural fiber mixed nonwoven composites,” Textile Research Journal, vol. 82, no. 20, 2012, doi: 10.1177/0040517512441987.
A. Zent and J. T. Long “Automotive sound absorbing material survey results,” SAE Technical Paper, 2007, doi: 10.4271/2007-01-2186.
T. Koizumi, N. Tsujiuchi, and A. Adachi, “The development of sound absorbing materials using natural bamboo fibers,” WIT Transactions on The Built Environment, vol. 59, pp. 157–166, 2002.
Z. Sápi, R. Butler, and A. Rhead, “Filler materials in composite out-of-plane joints – A review,” Composite Structures, vol. 207, pp. 787–800, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2018. 09.102.
M. R. Sanjay, S. Siengchin, J. Parameswaranpillai, M. Jawaid, C. I. Pruncu, and A. Khan, “A comprehensive review of techniques for natural fibers as reinforcement in composites: Preparation, processing and characterization,” Carbohydrate Polymers, vol. 207, pp. 108–121, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.11.083.
A. Saravanakumaar, A. Senthilkumar, S. S. Saravanakumar, M. R. Sanjay, and A. Khan, “Impact of alkali treatment on physico-chemical, thermal, structural and tensile properties of Carica papaya bark fibers,” International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization, vol. 23, pp. 529–536, 2018, doi: 10.1080/1023666X. 2018.1501931.
K. Oksman, A. P. Mathew, R. Långström, B. Nyström, and K. Joseph, “The influence of fibre microstructure on fibre breakage and mechanical properties of natural fibre reinforced polypropylene,” Composite Science and Technology, vol. 69, pp. 1847–1853, 2009, doi: 10.1016/j.compscitech. 2009.03.020.
D. M. Krishnudu, D. Sreeramulu, and P. V. Reddy, “Optimization the mechanical properties of coir-luffa cylindrica filled hybrid composites by using Taguchi method,” AIP Conference Proceedings, 2018, Art. no. 020058, doi: 10.1063/ 1.5032020.
C. A. Adeyanju, S. Ogunniyi, J. O. Ighalo, A. G. Adeniyi, and S. A. Abdulkareem, “A review on Luffa fibres and their polymer composites,” Journal of Material Science, vol. 56, pp. 2797–2813, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s10853-020-05432-6/metrics.
T. Murugan and B. S. Kumar, “Studies on influence of reinforcement characteristics on mechanical properties of banana fiber nonwoven composite structures,” in ICAMR 2019, pp. 219–231, 2021, doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-8319-3_24.
J. C. Posada, L. Y. Jaramillo, E. M. Cadena, and L. A. García, “Bio-based composites from agricultural wastes: Polylactic acid and bamboo Guadua angustifolia,” Journal of Composite Materials, vol. 50, pp. 3229–3237, 2016, doi: 10.1177/0021998315616274.
B. S. Kumar, T. Murugan, and S. Sakthivel, “Investigation of flexural and dynamic mechanical properties of bagasse fibre composite,” The Journal of the Textile Institute, vol. 113, no. 12, pp. 2634–2640, 2022, doi: 10.1080/00405000.2021.2001953.
M. V. Maheshwaran, N. R. J. Hyness, P. Senthamaraikannan, S. S. Saravanakumar, and M. R. Sanjay, “Characterization of natural cellulosic fiber from Epipremnum aureum stem,” Journal of Natural Fibers, vol. 15, pp. 789–798, 2018, doi: 10.1080/15440478.2017.1364205.
T. Yang, F. Saati, K. V. Horoshenkov, X. Xiong, K. Yang, R. Mishra, S. Marburg, and J. Militký, “Study on the sound absorption behavior of multi-component polyester nonwovens: Experimental and numerical methods,” Textile Research Journal, vol. 89, pp. 3342–3361, 2018, doi: 10.1177/0040517518811940.
T. G. Y.s Gowda, M. R. Sanjay, K. Subrahmanya Bhat, P. Madhu, P. Senthamaraikannan, and B. Yogesha, “Polymer matrix-natural fiber composites: An overview,” Cogent Engineering, vol. 5, 2018, Art. no. 1446667, doi: 10.1080/23311916.2018. 1446667.
S. Boominathan, M. Bhuvaneshwari, K. Sangeetha, K. M. Pachiyappan, and E. Devaki, “Influence of fiber blending on thermal and acoustic properties of nonwoven material,” Journal of Natural Fibers, vol. 19, no. 15, pp. 11193–11203, 2022, doi: 10.1080/15440478. 2021.2021123.
G. Thilagavathi, E. Pradeep, T. Kannaian, and L. Sasikala, “Development of natural fiber nonwovens for application as car interiors for noise control,” Journal of Industrial Textiles, vol. 39, pp. 267–278, 2010, doi: 10.1177/ 1528083709347124.
A. Ashori, “Wood-plastic composites as promising green-composites for automotive industries,” Bioresource Technology, vol. 99, no. 11, pp. 4661–4667, 2008, doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.09.043.
O. M. Abioye, D. A. Olasehinde, and T. Abadunmi, “The role of biofertilizers in sustainable agriculture: An eco-friendly alternative to conventional chemical fertilizers,” Applied Science and Engineering Progress, vol. 17, no. 1, 2024, Art. no. 6883, doi: 10.14416/j.asep.2023.07.001.
G. A. Hassan, G. Goud, K. Sathynarayana, and M. Puttegowda, “Influence of water absorption on mechanical and morphological behaviour of Roystonea-Regia/banana hybrid polyester composites,” Applied Science and Engineering Progress, vol. 17, no. 1, 2024, Art. no. 7074, doi: 10.14416/j.asep.2023.10.003.