GNSS PRECIPITABLE WATER VAPOR

Authors

  • Rungsan Bangkuan Department of Enginering Education, School of Industrial Education and Technology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang
  • Chollada Pansong Department of Technical Education, Faculty of Technical Education, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi
  • Supawit Nambut Management of Digital Innovation for Business School of Business Administration, Suvarnabhumi Institute of Technology

Keywords:

Precipitable water vapor, GNSS, ZTD, ZHD, ZWD

Abstract

This review article centers on tropospheric delays in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning and the methodology for estimating Zenith Total Delay (ZTD), which encompasses Zenith Hydrostatic Delay (ZHD) and Zenith Wet Delay (ZWD). The precise modeling and estimation of these delays are paramount for achieving high-precision GNSS positioning and valuable tools for tropospheric monitoring. The process of GNSS Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV) retrieval entails the calculation of ZWD by subtracting ZHD from ZTD. The Weighted Mean Temperature (Tm) stands out as a crucial parameter influencing the calculations of GNSS PWV, and the accuracy of GNSS PWV hinges on the precision of both Tm and ZHD.

References

Bevis, M., Businger, S., Herring, T. A., Rocken, C., Anthes, R. A., & Ware, R. H. (1992). GPS meteorology: Remote sensing of atmospheric water vapor using the global positioning system. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 97(D14), 15787-15801.

Crétaux, J. F., Calmant, S., Romanovski, V., Shabunin, A., Lyard, F., Bergé-Nguyen, M., Cazenave, A., Hernandez, F., & Perosanz, F. (2009). An absolute calibration site for radar altimeters in the continental domain: Lake Issykkul in Central Asia. Journal of Geodesy, 83(8), 723-735.

Domingo, A. L. S., & Macalalad, E. P. (2022). Temporal analysis of GNSS-based precipitable water vapor during rainy days over the Philippines from 2015 to 2017. Atmosphere, 13(3), 1-13.

Han, S., Liu, X., Jin, X., Zhang, F., Zhou, M., & Guo, J. (2023). Variations of precipitable water vapor in sandstorm season determined from GNSS data: The case of China’s Wuhai. Earth, Planets and Space, 75(12), 1-14.

Huang, L., Peng, H., Liu, L., Xiong, S., Xie, S., Chen, J., Li, J., & He, H. (2021). GNSS precipitable water vapor retrieval with the aid of NWM data for China. Earth and Space Science, 8, 1-18.

Downloads

Published

2023-12-29

Issue

Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023): January-December 2023

Section

Review Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Industrial Education and Technology

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.