Sustainable packaging review: Recent materials and technology of smart biodegradable packaging
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Plastic is widely used as product packaging. The time-consuming degradation of old plastics leads to an increase in environmental pollution. Sustainable packaging has been recently developed to decrease the problem. Along with the need to identify product quality during storage and distribution, smart biodegradable packaging is developed. The packaging not only contains and protects the product but also provides information about the rapid change of product quality. This article reviews various smart biodegradable materials such as polymer, gelatin, chitosan, or starch materials and packaging production technologies such as extrusion, compression molding, and film casting technology. The latest innovations in smart packaging are labels that can sense and record changes in food products with unique signs on the packaging. This label can detect if there is a leak in the package; the indicator will show a change. The combination of materials according to utilize an abundance of natural resources of each country and affordable technology needs to be continuously developed to produce sustainable packaging that can be produced in many countries.
Article Details
References
Ahmadzadeh, S. and Khaneghah, A.M. 2019. Role of green polymers in food packaging. Encyclopedia of Renewable and Sustainable Materials.
Ambrose, D.C.P. 2020. Biodegradable packaging-an eco-friendly approach. Current Agriculture Research Journal. 8 (1): 4-6.
Andonegi, M., Caba, K.D.L., and Guerrero, P. 2020. Effect of citric acid on collagen sheet processed by compression. Food Hydrocolloids. 100: 105427.
APCO. 2020. Sustainable packaging guidelines. Australian Packaging Covenant Organization Online available at: www.packagingcovenant.org.au.
Azevedo, V.M., Borges, S.V., Marconcini, J.M., Yoshida, M.I., Neto, A.R.S., Pereira, T.C., and Pereira, C.F.G. 2017. Effect of replacement of corn starch by whey protein isolate in biodegradable film blends obtained by extrusion. Carbohydrate Polymers. 157: 971–980.
Bashir, A., Jabeen, S., Gull, N., Islam, A., Sultan, M., Ghaffar, A., Khan, S.M., Iqbal, S.S., and Jamil, T. 2018. Co-concentration effect of silane with natural extract on biodegradable polymeric films for food packaging. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 106: 351–59.
Chakravartula, S.S.N., Lourenço, R.V., Balestra, F., Bittante, A.M.Q.B., Sobral, P.J.d.A., and Rosa, M.D. 2020. Influence of pitanga (Eugenia Uniflora L.) leaf extract and/or natamycin on properties of cassava starch /chitosan active films. Food Packaging and Shelf Life. 24: 100498.
Chen, M., Li, R., Runge, T., Feng, J., Hu, S., and Shi, Q.S. 2019. Degradable polymeric package from whole cell wall biomass. Materials Today Sustainability. 3–4.
Choi, I., Lee, S.E., Chang, Y., Lacroix, M., and Han, J. 2018. Effect of oxidized phenolic compounds on crosslinking and properties of biodegradable active packaging film composed of turmeric and gelatin. Lwt. Vol. 93.
Das, A., Uppaluri, R., and Das, C. 2019. Feasibility of poly-vinyl alcohol/starch /glycerol/citric acid composite films for wound dressing applications. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 131: 998–1007.
Davis, G. and Song, J.H. 2006. Biodegradable packaging based on raw materials from crops and their impact on waste management. Industrial Crops and Products Journal. 23: 147-161.
Deliya, M.M. and Parmar, B.J. 2012. Role of packaging on consumer buying behavior in Patan District. Global Journal of Management and Business Research. 12 (10):48-67.
Elsabee, M.Z., and Abdou, E.S. 2013. Chitosan-based edible films and coatings: A Review. Mater: 1819–1841. Sci. Eng. C 33.
Fathima, P.E., Panda, S.K., Ashraf, P.M., Varghese, T.O., and Bindu, J. 2018. Polylactic acid/ chitosan films for packaging of Indian white prawn (Fenneropenaeus indicus). International Journal of Biological Macromolecules.
Friedrich, J.C.C., Silva, O.A., Faria, M.G.I., Colauto, N.B., Gazzin, Z.C., Colauto, G.A.L., Caetano, J., and Dragunski, D.C. 2020. Improved antioxidant activity of a starch and gelatin-based biodegradable coating containing Tetradenia riparia extract. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 165: 1038–46.
Gao, W., Liu, P., Li, X., Qiu, L., Hou, H., and Cui, B. 2019. The co-plasticization effects of glycerol and small molecular sugars on starch-based nanocomposite films prepared by extrusion blowing. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 133: 1175–1181.
Giannakas, A., Grigoriadi, K., Leontiou, A., Barkoula, N.M., and Ladavos, A. 2014. Preparation, characterization, mechanical and barrier properties investigation of chitosan-clay nanocomposites. Carbohydrate Polymers. 108 (1): 103–111.
Gutiérrez, T.J., and Alvarez, V.A. 2018. Bionanocomposite films developed from corn starch and natural and modified nano-clays with or without added blueberry extract. Food Hydrocolloids 77: 407–420.
Gutierrez, T.J., Guaras, M.P., and Alvarez, V.A. 2017. Reactive extrusion for the production of starch-based biopackaging. In Masuelli, M.A. (ed.). Biopackaging Miami: CRC Press. Taylor & Francis Group.
Haghighi, H, Licciardello, F., Fava, P., Siesler, H.W., and Pulvirenti, A. 2020. Recent advances on chitosan-based films for sustainable food packaging applications. Food Packaging and Shelf Life. 26: 100551.
Hariyati, Rr.T.S. 2010. Get to know systematic review theory and case studies. Nursing Journal Indonesia. 13 (2): 124-132.
Hasan, M., Gopakumar, D.A., Olaiya, N.G., Zarlaida, F., Alfian, A., Aprinasari, C., Alfatah, T., Rizal, S., and Khalil, H.P.S.A. 2020. Evaluation of the thermomechanical properties and biodegradation of brown rice starch-based chitosan biodegradable composite films. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 156: 896–905.
IMEF. 2020. Waste management performance achievements. Indonesian Ministry of Environment and Forestry. Access (3 February 2021). Available: https://sipsn.menlhk.go.id/sipsn/.
Ivankovic, A., Zeljko, K., Stanislava, T., Bevanda, A.M., and Lasic, M. 2017. Biodegradable packaging in the Food industry. Journal of Food Safety and Food Quality. 68: 23–52.
Jacoeb, A.M., Nugraha, R., and Utari, S.P.S.D. 2014. Making edible film from lindur fruit starch with the addition of glycerol and carrageenan. Journal of Indonesian Fisheries Product Processing. 17 (1): 14–21.
Julien, C.H., Mendieta, J.R., and Gutierrez, T.J. 2019. Characterization of biodegradable/non-compostable films made from cellulose acetate/corn starch blends processed under reactive extrusion conditions. Food Hydrocolloids. 89: 67–79.
Kamkar, A., Molaee-aghaee, E., Khanjari, A., Akhondzadeh-basti, A., Noudoost, B., Shariatifar, N., Sani, M.A., and Soleimani, M. 2021. Nanocomposite active packaging based on chitosan biopolymer loaded with nano-liposomal essential oil: its characterizations and effects on microbial and chemical properties of refrigerated chicken breast fillet. International Journal of Food Microbiology. 342: 109071.
Kamsiati, E., Herawati, H., and Purwani, E.Y. 2017. Development potential of biodegradable plastics based on sago starch and cassava in Indonesia. Journal of Agricultural Research and Development. 36 (2): 67.
Khumkomgool, A., Saneluksana, T., and Harnkarnsujarit, N. 2020. Active meat packaging from thermoplastic cassava starch containing sappan and cinnamon herbal extracts via LLDPE blown-film extrusion. Food Packaging and Shelf Life. 26: 100557.
Kumar, S., Shukla, A., Baul, P.P., Mitra, A., and Halder, D. 2018. Biodegradable hybrid nanocomposites of chitosan/gelatin and silver nanoparticles for active food packaging applications. Food Packaging and Shelf Life. 16: 178-184.
Kuswandi, B., Wicaksono, Y., Abdullah, A., Heng, L.Y., and Ahmad, M. 2011. Smart packaging: sensors for monitoring of food quality and safety. Sensing and Instrumentation for Food Quality and Safety. 5(3-4): 137-146.
Leite, L.S.F., Bilatto, S., Paschoalin, R.T., Soares, A.C., Moreira, F.K.V., Oliveira, O.N., Mattoso, L.H.C., and Bras, J. 2020. Eco-friendly gelatin films with rosin-grafted cellulose nanocrystals for antimicrobial packaging. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 165: 2974–83.
Lindriati, T., and Arbiantara, H. 2011. Development of compression molding process in manufacturing edible film from koro sword flour (Canavalia ensiformis L.). Journal of Technology and Food Industry. 22 (1): 53-57.
Liu, X., Xu, Y., Zhan, X., Xie, W., Yang, X., Cui, S.W., and Xia, W. 2020. Development and properties of new kojic acid and chitosan composite biodegradable films for active packaging materials. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 144: 483–490.
Llanos, R., Humberto, J., Tadini, C.C., and Gastaldi, E. 2021. New strategies to fabricate starch /chitosan-based composites by extrusion. Journal of Food Engineering. 290: 110224.
Magnier, L., Jan, S., and Ruth, M. 2016. Judging a product by its cover: packaging sustainability and perceptions of quality in food products. Food Quality and Preference Journal. 53: 132-142.
Medina Jaramillo, C., Seligra, P.G., Goyanes, S., Bernal, C., and Famá, L. 2015. Biofilms based on cassava starch containing extract of yerba mate as antioxidant and plasticizer. Starch-Stärke. 67(9–10): 780–789.
Menzel, C. 2020. Improvement of starch films for food packaging through a three-principle approach: antioxidants, crosslinking and reinforcement. Carbohydrate Polymers. 250: 116828.
Musso, Y.S., Salgado, P.R., and Mauri, A.N. 2019. Smart gelatin films prepared using red cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) extracts as solvent. Food Hydrocolloids. 89: 674–681.
Musso, Y.S., Salgado, P.R,, and Mauri, A.N. 2016. Gelatin based films capable of modifying its color against environmental pH changes. Food Hydrocolloids. 61: 523-530.
Mutmainna, I., Tahir, D., Gareso, P.L., and Ilyas, S. 2019. Synthesis composite starch-chitosan as biodegradable plastic for food packaging. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1317 (1): 6–11.
Najwa, I.S.N.A, Guerrero, P., Caba, K.dl and Hanani, Z.A.N. 2020. Physical and antioxidant properties of starch/gelatin films incorporated with Garcinia atroviridis leaves. Food Packaging and Shelf Life 26: 100583.
Nilsuwan, K., Guerrero, P., Caba, K.dl., Benjakul, S., and Prodpran, T. 2019. Properties of fish gelatin films containing Epigallocatechin gallate fabricated by thermo-compression molding. Food Hydrocolloids. 97: 105236.
Oberlintner, A., Bajić, M., Kalčíková, G., Likozar, B., and Novak, U. 2021. Biodegradability study of active chitosan biopolymer films enriched with Quercus polyphenol extract in different soil types. Environmental Technology and Innovation. 21.
Oliveira, M.A., Furtado, R.F., Bastos, M.S.R, Leitão, R.C., Benevides, S.D., Muniz, C.R., Cheng, H.N., and Biswas, A. 2018. Performance evaluation of cashew gum and gelatin blend for food packaging. Food Packaging and Shelf Life. 17: 57–64.
Pal, A.K., Wu, F., Misra, M., and Mohanty, A.K. 2020. Reactive extrusion of sustainable PHBV /PBAT-based nanocomposite films with organically modified nanoclay for packaging applications: compression molding vs. cast film extrusion. Composite Part B.198: 108141.
Pires, J.R.A., Souza, V.G.L.D., Fernando, A.L. 2018. Chitosan/montmorillonite bionanocomposites incorporated with rosemary and ginger essential oil as packaging for fresh poultry meat. Food Packaging and Shelf Life. 17: 142–149.
Priyadarshi, R., and Rhim, J.W. 2020. Chitosan-based biodegradable functional films for food packaging applications. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies. 62: 102346.
Requena, R., Jiménez, A., Vargas, M., and Chiralt, A. 2016. Effect of plasticizers on thermal and physical properties of compression-molded poly [(3-Hydroxybutyrate) -Co- (3-Hydroxyvalerate)] films. Polymer Testing. 56: 45–53.
Rhim, J.W., and Kim, Y.T. 2014. Biopolymer-based composite packaging materials with nanoparticles, In Han, J.H. (2nd eds.), Innovation in Food Packaging: 413-442. Academic Press. London.
Rhim, J.W., Park, H.M., and Ha, C.S. 2013. Bio-nanocomposites for food packaging applications. Progress in Polymer Science. 38: 1629-1652.
Robertson, G.L. 2009. Sustainable food packaging. Handbook of Waste Management and Co-Product Recovery in Food Processing. 221–254.
Rydz, J., Musiol, M., Wegrzynska, B.Z., and Sikorska, W. 2018. Present and future of biodegrable polymers for food packaging applications: Biopolymers for Food Design. Academic Press.
Sani, M.A., Tavassoli, M., Hamishehkar, H., and McClements, D.J. 2021. Carbohydrate-based films containing pH-sensitive red barberry anthocyanins: application as biodegradable smart food packaging materials. Carbohydrate Polymers. 255: 117488.
Schaefer, D., and Cheung, W.M. 2018. Smart packaging: opportunities and challenges. Procedia CIRP 72: 1022-1027.
Simões, B.M., Cagnin, C., Yamashita, F., Olivato, J.B., Garcia, P.S., Oliveira, S.Md., and Grossmann, M.V.E. 2020. Citric acid as crosslinking agent in starch/xanthan gum hydrogels produced by extrusion and thermopressing. Lwt 125: 108950.
Soltani, S.M.N., Zerafat, M.M., and Sabbaghi, S. 2018. A comparative study of gelatin and starch-based nanocomposite films modified by nano-cellulose and chitosan for food packaging applications. Carbohydrate Polymers 189: 48–55.
Spizzirri, U.G., Cirillo, G., and Iemma, F. 2015. Polymers and food packaging: a short overview, functional polymers in food science: from technology to biology. Hoboken, NJ. USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Stoica, M., Antohi, V.M., Zlati, M.L., and Stoica, D. 2020. The financial impact of replacing plastic packaging by biodegradable biopolymers-a smart solution for the food industry. Journal of Cleaner Production. 277: 124013.
Suderman, N., Isa, M.I.N., and Sarbon, N.M. 2018. The effect of plasticizers on the functional properties of biodegradable gelatin-based film: a review. Food Bioscience. 24: 111–119.
Tang, X.Z., Kumar, P., Alavi, S., and Sandeep, K.P. 2012. Recent advances in biopolymers and biopolymer-based nanocomposites for food packaging materials. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 52: 426-442.
Torres-Giner, S., Hilliou, L., Rodriguez, B.M., Lopez, K.J.F., Madalena, D., Cabedo, L., Covas, J.A., Vicente, A.A., and Lagaron, J.M. 2018. Melt processability, characterization, and antibacterial activity of compression-molded green composite sheets made of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) reinforced with coconut fibers impregnated with oregano essential oil. Food Packaging and Shelf Life. 17: 39–49.
Uranga, J., Etxabide, A., Guerrero, P., and Caba, K.D.L. 2018. Development of active fish gelatin films with anthocyanins by compression molding. Food Hydrocolloids. 84: 313–320.
Vedove, T.M.A.R.D., Maniglia, B.C., and Tadini, C.C. 2021. Production of sustainable smart packaging based on cassava starch and anthocyanin by an extrusion process. Journal of Food Engineering. 289: 110274.
Wang, C., Dilidaer, Y., and Andrew, M. 2019. A smart adhesive 'consume within' (CW) indicator for food packaging. Food Packaging and ShelfLife Journal. 22: 1-8.
Wu, C., Zhu, Y., Wu, T., Wang, L., Yuan, Y., Chen, J., Hu, Y., and Pang, J. 2019. Enhanced functional properties of biopolymer film incorporated with curcurmin-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles for food packaging. Food Chemistry. 288: 139–45
Zhai, X., Wang, W., Zhang, H., Dai, Y., Dong, H., and Hou, H. 2020. Effects of high starch content on the physicochemical properties of starch/PBAT nanocomposite films prepared by extrusion blowing. Carbohydrate Polymers. 239: 116231.
Zhao, L., Huang, H., Han, Q., Yu, Q., Lin, P., Huang, S., and Yin, X. 2020. A novel approach to fabricate fully biodegradable poly (butylene succinate) biocomposites using a paper-manufacturing and compression molding method. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing. 139: 106117.