Bioplastic packaging containing Ceasalpinia sappan heartwood extract to inhibit Escherichia coli causing spoilage of pork jerky

Abstract

Pork jerky, a processed pork product, is susceptible to spoilage caused by contamination with Escherichia coli. Moreover, the plastic packaging used for these pork sticks contributes to environmental pollution. In response to these concerns, this project aims to develop a bio-based packaging solution by incorporating Caesalpinia sappan heartwood extract derived from a medicinal plant known for its antibacterial properties against gram-negative bacteria, specifically E. coli, which is responsible for spoilage in pork jerky. The inhibitory activity of the crude extracts from C. sappan heartwood against E. coli was evaluated using disc diffusion method. The results demonstrated that the crude extracts effectively inhibit the growth of E. coli, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 1,875 ppm and a minimum bactericidal concentration of 7,500 ppm. Accordingly, a bioplastic formulation was developed using 7,500 ppm of C. sappan heartwood extract and then tested the physical property of the bioplastics. The tests revealed no significant differences in thickness and water absorption between the bioplastic containing the extract and the bioplastic containing 0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide. The inhibitory activity was further assessed, demonstrating that the bioplastic incorporating C. sappan heartwood extract effectively inhibits the growth of E. coli on nutrient agar. Based on these promising findings, it can be concluded that the bio-based plastic, mixed with 7,500 ppm of C. sappan heartwood extract, has the potential to serve as an effective packaging solution for pork jerky. This innovative approach not only hinders the growth of E. coli but also offers the advantage of being environmentally friendly.