Electrospun Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Nanofibers Containing Siam Weed Crude Extract as Potential Wound Dressings
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Abstract
Maceration extraction of Chromolaena odorata (Siam weed) leaves was achieved using ethanol as a solvent. A free radical scavenging protocol using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was used to measure the antioxidant activity. The inhibitory concentration at 50% antioxidant activity (IC50) was 226 µg/mL. the electrospun poly (vinyl alcohol) ultrafine fibers containing Siam weed crude extract were successfully fabricated. The effect of Siam weed extract concentration on the size and morphology of fibers was investigated. The increasing concentration of Siam weed extract in a range of 5-20% w/v caused a higher viscosity of solutions and a larger average fiber diameter.
To examine its potential for usage in wound dressing applications, only the electrospun PVA fiber mat containing 20% Siam weed extract was chosen. After submersion in a phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4) at 37°C for a period of 2 to 24 h, the weight loss and water swelling of the electrospun Siam weed extract-loaded PVA fiber mat were measured, and it was discovered that the weight loss increased with immersion time, while the water swelling increased in the first 6 h and later decreased until 24 h of immersion. The antioxidant activity of the fiber mat was also investigated at the same immersion time, and the results were consistent with trends in weight loss and water retention. After 24 h of immersion, the antioxidant activity was about 81.2 ± 1.7%. The fiber mat exhibited a slight antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria, as evaluated by an agar disc method. In addition, the fiber mat exhibited superior hydrophilicity, as shown by the water contact angle analysis. According to the overall findings, the Siam weed extract-loaded PVA fiber mat is a potential material for applications as a wound dressing or topical transdermal patch.
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