การหาสภาวะที่เหมาะสมของการสังเคราะห์ 5-HMF จากซูโครสผ่านการดูดซับกรดอินทรีย์ด้วยเรซิ่นโดยใช้การออกแบบการทดลองแบบประสมส่วนกลาง ร่วมกับพื้นผิวผลตอบ

Tammarat Kleebmek

Authors

Tammarat Kleebmek Khonkaen University

Keywords:

5-hydroxymethylfurfural, an anion exchange polymeric resin, Levulinic acid, central composite design, response surface methodology

Abstract

This research aimed to enhance the removal efficiency of levulinic acid, a by-product formed during the synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) from sucrose, as its presence negatively affects the purity and quality of 5-HMF. Adsorption using resin was applied together with statistical experimental design to develop a quadratic model and determine the optimal conditions for levulinic acid removal. A Central Composite Design (CCD) based on Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used, considering four factors: stirring time, resin dosage, initial 5-HMF concentration, and levulinic acid concentration. The percentage removal of levulinic acid was set as the response variable. A total of 30 experimental runs were conducted and analyzed using Minitab v.22.4.0. The results showed that the quadratic model significantly described the relationship between the factors and the response (p < 0.05) with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 70.20%. The quadratic terms of stirring time and resin dosage significantly influenced adsorption efficiency. The optimal conditions were 150 minutes of stirring time, 7.00 g of resin, 0.4001 M initial 5-HMF concentration, and 0.0102 M levulinic acid concentration, resulting in a predicted removal efficiency of 67.70% with a 95% confidence interval of 35.1–100. These results indicate that combining adsorption with statistical experimental design can improve the purification of 5-HMF and support sustainable bio-based chemical production.

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