CHARACTERISTICS OF MUNICIPAL WASTE ASH AFFECTING MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND EXPANSION OF MORTAR IMMERSED IN SODIUM SULFATE SOLUTION
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This research the examined characteristics of municipal waste ash that affect the mechanical properties and the expansion of mortar immersed in sodium sulfate solution. Hydraulic cement for general utility (GU) and Portland cement type I (PC) were partially replaced by municipal waste ash (MWA) with 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 30% by mass of binder materials. It was found that compressive strengths at curing age of 28 days of all mixtures of GU mortar mixed with MWA were higher than those of PC mortar, except the mixture GU-15MWA. The compressive strengths of mixtures of GU mortar were also found to increase when MWA replacement increased by 5 and 10 percent and then continuously decreased in the mixtures with higher than 15 percent of MWA replacement. The mixture GU-10MWA presented the highest compressive strength with 37.2 MPa. Because of the influence to packing effect in cement paste. Furthermore, bending strength of GU mortar was roughly the same as that of PC mortar and decreased when the MWA replacement increased. The expansion of GU mortar and PC mortar increased in every increasing ratio of MWA, with a smaller value of GU mortar than that of PC mortar.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The published articles are copyright of the Engineering Journal of Research and Development, The Engineering Institute of Thailand Under H.M. The King's Patronage (EIT).
References
Neusa, Ap. et.al. Alkali activated cement made from blast furnace slag generated by charcoal: Resistance to attack by sodium and magnesium sulfates. Construction and Building Materials, 2020, 238, pp. 1-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117710.
Barbosa Costa, L.C. Sodium sulfate attack on portland cement structures: experimental and analytical approach. REM - International Engineering Journal, 2018, 71 (4), pp. 531-542. DOI: 10.1590/0370-44672018710009.
Gopalakrishnan, R. and Jeyalakshmi, R. The effects on durability and mechanical properties of multiple nano and micro additive OPC mortar exposed to combined chloride and sulfate attack. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 2020, 106, pp. 1-14. DOI: 10.1016/j.mssp.2019.104772.
Chindaprasirt, P. and Jaturapitakkul, C. Cement Pozzolan and Concrete, 7th ed. Bangkok: Thailand Concrete Association, 2012.
Vattanakul, Y. et.al. Cementitious properties and expansion in sodium sulfate solution of concrete with fly ash and limestone powder. Journal of Engineering, RMUTT, 2012, pp. 51-59.
Kaolim, N. Durability of concrete made with industrial wastes. Master’s Thesis, Nakhon Nayok: Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, 2017.
Regional Environmental Office 16 (Songkhal). Report on the results of monitoring and evaluation of the wastewater collection and treatment system and the community solid waste disposal system. Regional Environmental Office 16, 2560.
Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency. Knowledge enhancement in waste to energy management. Ministry of Energy, 2559.
Sanewu, I.F. et.al. Pozzolanic characteristics of municipal solid waste ash. Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, 2013,
(1), pp.70-80.
Thai Industrial Standard. TIS 2594-2556: Hydraulic cement. Bangkok, 2556.
Thai Industrial Standard. TIS 15 1-2555 Portland Cement Part 1 Specification. Bangkok, 2547.
Chantaramanee, S. et.al. Properties of cement composite fabricated from white rice husk ash incorporated with short single-walled carbon nanotubes. Engineer Journal Chiang Mai University, 2018, 25 (3), pp.113-121.
Nagrockiene, D. et.al. The effect of waste from Mineral wool manufacturing on The properties of Concrete. Ceramics-Silikáty, 2021, 65 (2), pp.141-147. DOI: 10.13168/cs.2021.0013.
Thai Cement Manufacturers Association. Hydraulic Cement. Thai Cement Manufacturers Association. Bangkok, 2563.
Nguyen, T.B.T. et.al. Influences of different types of fly ash and confinement on performances of expansive mortars and concretes. Construction and Building Materials, 2019, 209, pp. 176-186. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.03.032.
Yang, J. et.al. Improving durability of heat-cured high volume fly ash cement mortar by wet-grinding activation. Construction and Building Materials, 2021, 289, pp. 1-13. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.123157.
Fanghui, H. et.al. The differences among the roles of ground fly ash in the paste, mortar and concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 2015, 93, pp. 172-179. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.05.117
Chindaprasirt, P. et.al. Utilization of fly ash and waste material from industrial factory as a material in concrete, 2th ed. Bangkok: King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, 2553, pp.15-33.
Wang, C. et.al. Effect of binary admixture of sepiolite and fly ash on carbonation and chloride resistance of modified cement mortar. Construction and Building Materials, 2021, 279, pp. 1-13. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.122509.
Lima, C.P.F. et.al. Evaluation of corn straw ash as supplementary cementitious material: Effect of acid leaching on its pozzolanic activity. Cement, 2021, 4, pp. 1-12. DOI: 10.1016/j.cement.2021.100007.
Ngarmkham, S. Effects of municipal waste ash on the durability and mechanical properties of concrete. Master’s Thesis, Songkhla: Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya, 2016.
Sangrayab, A. Effect of fly ash type on properties of paste, mortar and concrete. Master’s Thesis, Nakhon Nayok: Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, 2017.
Chunran, W. et.al. Effects of high-calcium sepiolite on the rheological behaviour and Effects of high-calcium sepiolite on the rheological behaviour and. Construction and Building Materials, 2019, 196, pp. 105-114. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.11.130.
Jatuphon, T. et al. Packing effect and pozzolanic reaction of fly ash in mortar. Cement and Concrete Research, 2005, 35, pp. 1145-1151. DOI: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.09.030.
Khan, M.N.N. et al. Filler effect of pozzolanic materials on the strength and microstructure development of mortar. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 2017, 21 (1), pp. 274-284. DOI: 10.1007/s12205-016-0737-5.
Chatveera, B. and Srinourn, P. A study of properties of mortar portland cement type V mixed with ground rice husk ash and limestone powder. KMUTT Research and Development Journal, 2012, 35 (2), pp.201-218.
Teixeira, E.R. et al. Quality and durability properties and life-cycle assessment of high volume biomass fly ash mortar. Construction and Building Materials, 2019, 197, pp. 195-207. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.11.173.
Hodhod, O.A. and Salama, G. Simulation of expansion in cement based materials subjected to external sulfate attack. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 2014, 5, pp. 7-15. DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2013.05.002.
Chusilp, N. et al. Effects of LOI of ground bagasse ash on the compressive strength and sulfate resistance of mortars. Construction and Building Materials, 2009, 23, pp.3523-3531. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2009.06.046.
Zahedi, M. et al. Properties and durability of concrete containing fluidized bed combustion (FBC) fly ash. Construction and Building Materials, 2020, 258, pp. 1-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119663.