Prevalence and Morphological Changes on Fish Gills of Cyprinoid Fish Infected with Centrocestus formosanus Metacercariae from Li River, Lamphun Province
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Abstract
Centrocestus formosanus has been reported to infect the natural fish gill in Northern Thailand. Their infection can cause disease and death. We aimed to study the prevalence and observe morphological changes on fish gill of Siamese glassfish (Parambassis siamensis) and Burmese Trout (Raiamas guttatus) infected with C. formosanus metacercariae by using light microscope and long-section. Fish specimens were caught from Li River in Lamphun province, the North of Thailand. The result revealed the oval-shaped metacercaria attaching on both fish species gills. The metacercaria was identified to be C. formosanus based on 32 circumoral spines and X-shaped excretory bladder. The prevalence, intensity and abundance of C. formosanus infection in Parambassis siamensis were 74.3%, 25.6 metacercaria/fish and 19 metacercaria/fish, respectively. The C. formosanus infection of Raiamas guttatus was lower than Parambassis siamensis in all parameters that included 54.3% of prevalence, 5.7 of intensity and 3.1 of abundance. The infection of C. formosanus in R. guttatus was the first record in the northern part of Thailand. For the pathological observation on fish gill tissue in both species, the result showed the C. formosanus metacercaria attached on the middle of primary gill lamella. The metacercaria was surrounded by thick refractile capsule which caused the fusion of two primary gill lamellae. This gill lamella was thick and distorted in shape that affected the cartilage proliferation, hyperplasia and reduction of gas on the surface. Finally, these morphological changes leaded to death in fish.
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