Effect of Natural Catalysts in Fast Pyrolysis of Cassava Rhizome in a Free - Fall Reactor
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Published:
Jul 26, 2018
Keywords:
Biomass bio-oil fast pyrolysis catalyst free-fall reactor
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Abstract
Fast pyrolysis of cassava rhizome was carried out in a free-fall reactor to investigate the effect of pyrolysis temperature and natural catalysts on the pyrolysis products. The pyrolysis temperatures of 350, 400 and 500°C were tested for non-catalytic experiments in order to determine optimum temperature for maximising the bio-oil mass and energy yields. The results showed that the maximum bio-oil mass yield of 62wt% with the corresponding energy yield of 46% was achieved at 400°C. The non-catalytic bio-oils produced had a higher heating value (HHV) of 15.8 MJ/kg. Other properties of the non-catalytic bio-oil such as pH, viscosity and density were found to meet the standard requirements of the ASTM D7544-12. The pyrolysis temperature of 400°C was selected for the catalytic pyrolysis experiments applying a constant catalyst temperature of 500°C. Activated natural zeolite, perlite and kaolin catalysts were tested in the biomass catalytic pyrolysis experiments. Although all catalysts led to bio-oil mass and energy yield reduction, certain bio-oil properties could be improved. Among the catalysts studied, kaolin was found to be the most suitable catalyst. The use of kaolin gave the bio-oil mass yield of 46 wt% and energy yield of 20%. In addition, the HHV of the kaolin-catalysed bio-oil could be increased to 19.5 MJ/kg.
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How to Cite
[1]
ปัตติยะ อ., “Effect of Natural Catalysts in Fast Pyrolysis of Cassava Rhizome in a Free - Fall Reactor”, sej, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 58–70, Jul. 2018.
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Research Articles
Copyright belongs to Srinakharinwirot University Engineering Journal
References
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[28] A. Pattiya, S. Sukkasi, and V. Goodwin, "Fast pyrolysis of sugarcane and cassava residues in a free-fall reactor," Energy, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 1067-1077, 8// 2012.
[29] A. Pattiya and S. Suttibak, "Production of bio-oil via fast pyrolysis of agricultural residues from cassava plantations in a fluidised-bed reactor with a hot vapour filtration unit," Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, vol. 95, pp. 227-235, 2012.
[30] C. Paenpong, S. Inthidech, and A. Pattiya, "Effect of filter media size, mass flow rate and filtration stage number in a moving-bed granular filter on the yield and properties of bio-oil from fast pyrolysis of biomass," Bioresource Technology, vol. 139, pp. 34-42, 7// 2013.
[31] S. Czernik and A. V. Bridgwater, "Overview of applications of biomass fast pyrolysis oil," (in English), Energy & Fuels, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 590-598, Mar-Apr 2004.
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[2] R. Zanzi, K. Sjöström, and E. Björnbom, "Rapid pyrolysis of agricultural residues at high temperature," Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 357-366, 2002.
[3] W. C. Xu, K. Matsuoka, H. Akiho, M. Kumagai, and A. Tomita, "High pressure hydropyrolysis of coals by using a continuous free-fall reactor," Fuel, vol. 82, no. 6, pp. 677-685, 2003.
[4] O. Onay and O. M. Koçkar, "Pyrolysis of rapeseed in a free fall reactor for production of bio-oil," Fuel, vol. 85, no. 12-13, pp. 1921-1928, 2006.
[5] C. Acikgoz and O. M. Kockar, "Flash pyrolysis of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) for production of liquid fuels," Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, vol. 78, no. 2, pp. 406-412, 2007.
[6] S. Li, S. Xu, S. Liu, C. Yang, and Q. Lu, "Fast pyrolysis of biomass in free-fall reactor for hydrogen-rich gas," Fuel Processing Technology, vol. 85, no. 8-10, pp. 1201-1211, 2004.
[7] L. Wei et al., "Characteristics of fast pyrolysis of biomass in a free fall reactor," Fuel Processing Technology, vol. 87, no. 10, pp. 863-871, 2006.
[8] V. Visentin, F. Piva, and P. Canu, "Experimental Study of Cellulose Fast Pyrolysis in a Flow Reactor," Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, vol. 41, no. 20, pp. 4965-4975, 2002.
[9] A. Karaduman, E. H. Simsek, B. Çiçek, and A. Y. Bilgesü, "Flash pyrolysis of polystyrene wastes in a free-fall reactor under vacuum," Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 179-186, 2001.
[10] L. Zhang, S. Xu, W. Zhao, and S. Liu, "Co-pyrolysis of biomass and coal in a free fall reactor," Fuel, vol. 86, no. 3, pp. 353-359, 2007.
[11] A. V. Bridgwater and C. Peacocke, "Fast pyrolysis processes for biomass," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1-73, 2000.
[12] W. N. R. W. Isahak, M. W. M. Hisham, M. A. Yarmo, and T.-y. Yun Hin, "A review on bio-oil production from biomass by using pyrolysis method," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 16, no. 8, pp. 5910-5923, 10// 2012.
[13] A. Bridgwater, "Progress in Thermochemical Biomass Conversion," vol. Volume 2. London: Blackwell Science, p. p.1744, 2001.
[14] B. Pidtasang, P. Udomsap, S. Sukkasi, N. Chollacoop, and A. Pattiya, "Influence of alcohol addition on properties of bio-oil produced from fast pyrolysis of eucalyptus bark in a free-fall reactor," Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, vol. 19, no. 6, pp. 1851-1857, 11/25/ 2013.
[15] C. Dupont, J.-M. Commandré, P. Gauthier, G. Boissonnet, S. Salvador, and D. Schweich, "Biomass pyrolysis experiments in an analytical entrained flow reactor between 1073 K and 1273 K," Fuel, vol. 87, no. 7, pp. 1155-1164, 2008.
[16] C. J. Ellens and R. C. Brown, "Optimization of a free-fall reactor for the production of fast pyrolysis bio-oil," Bioresource Technology, no. Accepted Manuscript.
[17] A. Oasmaa and D. Meier, "Norms and standards for fast pyrolysis liquids: 1. Round robin test," Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, vol. 73, no. 2, pp. 323-334, 6// 2005.
[18] A. Pattiya, J. O. Titiloye, and A. V. Bridgwater, "Fast pyrolysis of cassava rhizome in the presence of catalysts," Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, vol. 81, no. 1, pp. 72-79, 2008.
[19] J. M. Encinar, J. F. González, G. Martínez, and S. Román, "Catalytic pyrolysis of exhausted olive oil waste," Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, vol. 85, no. 1-2, pp. 197-203, 2009.
[20] E. Pütün, B. B. Uzun, and A. E. Pütün, "Production of bio-fuels from cottonseed cake by catalytic pyrolysis under steam atmosphere," Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 30, no. 6, pp. 592-598, 2006.
[21] M. I. Nokkosmäki, E. T. Kuoppala, E. A. Leppämäki, and A. O. I. Krause, "Catalytic conversion of biomass pyrolysis vapours with zinc oxide," Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 119-131, 5// 2000.
[22] O. D. Mante, F. A. Agblevor, and R. McClung, "Fluid catalytic cracking of biomass pyrolysis vapors," Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 189-201, 2011.
[23] M. M. Barbooti, F. K. Matlub, and H. M. Hadi, "Catalytic pyrolysis of Phragmites (reed): Investigation of its potential as a biomass feedstock," Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, vol. 98, no. 0, pp. 1-6, 11// 2012.
[24] O. D. Mante, F. A. Agblevor, S. T. Oyama, and R. McClung, "The influence of recycling non-condensable gases in the fractional catalytic pyrolysis of biomass," Bioresource Technology, vol. 111, pp. 482-90, May 2012.
[25] L. Qiang, L. Wen-Zhi, and Z. Xi-Feng, "Overview of fuel properties of biomass fast pyrolysis oils," Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 1376-1383, 2009.
[26] H. Zhang, R. Xiao, H. Huang, and G. Xiao, "Comparison of non-catalytic and catalytic fast pyrolysis of corncob in a fluidized bed reactor," Bioresour Technol, vol. 100, no. 3, pp. 1428-34, Feb 2009.
[27] H. Zhang et al., "Hydrodynamics of a novel biomass autothermal fast pyrolysis reactor: Solid circulation rate and gas bypassing," Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 181–182, pp. 685-693, 2/1/ 2012.
[28] A. Pattiya, S. Sukkasi, and V. Goodwin, "Fast pyrolysis of sugarcane and cassava residues in a free-fall reactor," Energy, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 1067-1077, 8// 2012.
[29] A. Pattiya and S. Suttibak, "Production of bio-oil via fast pyrolysis of agricultural residues from cassava plantations in a fluidised-bed reactor with a hot vapour filtration unit," Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, vol. 95, pp. 227-235, 2012.
[30] C. Paenpong, S. Inthidech, and A. Pattiya, "Effect of filter media size, mass flow rate and filtration stage number in a moving-bed granular filter on the yield and properties of bio-oil from fast pyrolysis of biomass," Bioresource Technology, vol. 139, pp. 34-42, 7// 2013.
[31] S. Czernik and A. V. Bridgwater, "Overview of applications of biomass fast pyrolysis oil," (in English), Energy & Fuels, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 590-598, Mar-Apr 2004.
[32] H.-y. Li, Y.-j. Yan, and Z.-w. Ren, "Online upgrading of organic vapors from the fast pyrolysis of biomass," Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, vol. 36, no. 6, pp. 666-671, 12// 2008.