Study on Bangkok its Urban Heat Island effect and the Relationship with Electricity Consumption using Geoinformatics
Keywords:
Urban Heat Island, LST, Energy Consumption, Landsat, MODISAbstract
The research aims to study the urban heat island in Bangkok using remote sensing and Geo-information sciences, to determine the relationship between the UHI phenomenon and energy consumption and establish an electricity conservation plan. In this study, we investigated electricity consumption, solar radiation intensity, climate data, land surface temperature data, and land cover change. The quantified LST obtained from satellite imagery is used to identify areas exposed to the UHI effect. The quantified data is validated through field and observed measurements. We also illustrate LST spatial distribution and subsequent land use land cover types related to high LST. The relationship between LST, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, and the Normalized Difference Built Index was analyzed. LST was measured and correlated with climate data from meteorological stations. The relationship between increased LST and energy consumption was illustrated through linear regression analysis.
In the results, the energy consumption and UHI illustrate a positive relationship. Electricity consumption and LST have a high correlation of 70-90%. In the hope to mitigate the UHI effect, appropriate mitigation measures are needed to minimize its impact. Mitigation measures such as the reduction of electricity consumption by encouraging citizens to be more conscious of air conditioning use and private transportation use. Another mitigation measure is incorporating sustainable urban planning principles techniques into urban expansion such as increasing urban green spaces and the use of public transportation.
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