Study of bioremediation of water environment using constructed wetland for ecological engineering and bioenergy generation from biomass recycling

Abstract

Environmental water ecosystems are facing serious hypoxia challenges because of high nutrient loadings from point and non-point sources. Therefore, the use of Vertical sub-surface flow constructed wetlands (VSSFCWs) for mitigating environmental water pollution through enhanced nitrification and denitrification processes. They offer a promising nutrient removal mechanism while also providing an ideal environment for the growth of perennial grasses. VSSFCWs not only play a role in providing safe sanitation, they produce biomass that can be harvested and used to produce fodder and biofuel in this complex global world. Biochar offers best habitation for microorganisms to decompose organic matter. The potential of constructed wetland biomass for bioenergy production through carbon sequestration had been observed. Planted with common reed macrophytes to promote biodiversity, the 0.251 m2 constructed wetland has been treating 0.03 cubic meter per day (CMD) of farm wastewater. The overall aboveground biomass was 1277 kg and total carbon content 471 kg at the peak of aboveground accumulation for the system emergent macrophyte. Incinerating of 80% biomass harvested of experimental area in an incineration plant could produce 2446 kWh for one month.