Computation of SAR and Temperature Increase in Human Eye Exposed to 5G Radiation
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Abstract
The rapid deployment of fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication systems has raised questions regarding the potential biological impacts of prolonged exposure to radiofre-quency electromagnetic (RF-EM) radiation. Due to the sensitivity of ocular tissues, this study investigates the interaction between 5G electromagnetic waves and the human eye. A two-dimensional computational model of the human eye was developed and subjected to EM exposure at various 5G operating frequencies. The resulting electric field distribution, specific absorption rate (SAR), and temperature increase caused by RF energy absorption were evaluated. A coupled multiphysics approach was implemented using Maxwell’s equations to simulate EM wave propagation through the eye tissues and the Pennes bioheat transfer equation to estimate temperature variations within different ocular layers. The coupled EM–thermal analysis was performed using the finite element method (FEM). The results indicate that, under certain exposure conditions, the resultant SAR and temperature values exceeded the threshold values.
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