Characterization of Physicochemical Parameters of Textile Effluents and Its Impacts on Environment DOI: 10.32526/ennrj.17.2.2019.11
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Published:
Jan 28, 2019
Keywords:
Textile effluents Physicochemical parameters Bureau of Indian Standards Pollutants Environment
Main Article Content
Abstract
Globally, textile industries play an important role in the economy of many countries. A huge volume of water is consumed in the various processes of dyeing fabrics and the majority of this is discharged with heavy loads of pollutants into the environment. The present study assessed the physicochemical characteristics of textile effluents from different areas of Salem, Tamil Nadu, India, where the city groundwater quality has decreased with increasing industrialization. The parameters of colour, pH and total hardness, biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), chlorides, oil and grease were analyzed. Almost all the parameters were above the permissible limits set by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). The high value of the pollutants shows that the effluents are discarded without proper treatment which may provoke hazardous effects on terrestrial and aquatic ecology and poses potential threats to the local environment. Although many conventional effluent treatment methods are implemented in many places, additional technologies still need to be developed for the complete removal of the pollution load.
Article Details
How to Cite
Chockalingam, N., Banerjee, S., & Muruhan, S. (2019). Characterization of Physicochemical Parameters of Textile Effluents and Its Impacts on Environment: DOI: 10.32526/ennrj.17.2.2019.11. Environment and Natural Resources Journal, 17(2), 41–53. Retrieved from https://ph02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/ennrj/article/view/172204
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Original Research Articles
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References
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31. Manikandan P, Palanisamy PN, Baskar R, Sivakumar P, Sakthisharmila P. Physicochemical analysis of textile industrial effluents from Tirupur city, TN, India. International Journal of Advance Research in Science and Engineering 2015;4(2):93-104.
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34. Patel R, Tajddin K, Patel A, Patel B. Physicochemical analysis of textile effluent. International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation 2015;2(5):33-7.
35. Ramesh M, Dharmaraj E, Raj BJ. Physicochemical characteristics of ground water of Manachanallur Block Trichy, Tamilnadu, India. Advances in Applied Science Research 2012;3(3):1709-13.
36. Rajasulochana P, Preethy V. Comparison on efficiency of various techniques in treatment of waste and sewage water: a comprehensive review. Resource-Efficient Technologies 2016;2(4):175-84.
37. Robinson T, Chandran B, Nigam P. Studies on desorption of individual textile dyes and a synthetic dye effluent from dye-adsorbed agricultural residues using solvents. Bioresource Technology 2002;84(3):299-301.
38. Roy R, Fakhruddin AN, Khatun R, Islam MS, Ahsan MA, Neger AJ. Characterization of textile industrial effluents and its effects on aquatic macrophytes and algae. Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 2010;45(1):79-84.
39. Sankpal ST, Naikwade PV. Physicochemical analysis of effluent discharge of fish processing industries in Ratnagiri India. Bioscience Discovery 2012;3(1):107-11.
40. Sathya J, Ravichandran M. Economics of Pollution Control in Sago Industry in Salem District Tamil Nadu [dissertation]. India: Bharathidasan University; 2007.
41. Sathiyaraj G, Ravindran KC, Malik ZH. Physicochemical characteristics of textile effluent collected from Erode, Pallipalayam and Bhavani polluted regions, Tamilnadu, India. Journal of Ecobiotechnology 2017;9:1-4.
42. Selvakumar S, Chandrasekar N, Kumar G. Hydro-geochemical characteristics and groundwater contamination in the rapid urban development areas of Coimbatore, India. Water Resources and Industry 2017;17:26-33.
43. Spagni A, Casu S, Grilli S. Decolourisation of textile wastewater in a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor. Bioresource Technology 2012;117:180-5.
44. Sponza DT. Necessity of toxicity assessment in Turkish industrial discharges (examples from metal and textile industry effluents). Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 2002;73(1):41-66.
45. Srivastava AK. Physicochemical and biological characteristics of a sugar factory effluent. Indian Journal of Ecology 1988;15(2):192-3.
46. Suzuki T, Timofei S, Kurunczi L, Dietze U, Schuurmann G. Correlation of aerobic biodegradability of sulfonated azo dyes with the chemical structure. Chemosphere 2001;45(1):1-9.
47. Teli MD. Textile coloration industry in India. Coloration Technology 2008;124(1):1-3.
48. Tishmack J, Jones D. Meeting the challenges of swine manure management. BioCycle 2003;44(10):24.
49. Thangaraj A, Muralidharan S, Senthilkumar A, Moorthi M. The physicochemical characteristics of different textile dyeing effluents and their influence on the total protein levels of dragonfly larvae Bradinopyga Geminata. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications 2017;7(7):534-8.
50. Tufekci N, Sivri N, Toroz İ. Pollutants of textile industry wastewater and assessment of its discharge limits by water quality standards. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2007;7(2).
51. Varma L, Sharma J. Analysis of physical and chemical parameters of textile waste water. Journal of International Academy of Physical Sciences 2011;15(2):269-76.
52. Vigneshpriya D, Shanthi E. Physicochemical characterization of textile waste water. International Journal of Innovative Research and Development 2015;4(10):48-51.
53. Wu J, Doan H, Upreti S. Decolourization of aqueous textile reactive dye by ozone. Chemical Engineering Journal 2008;142(2):156-60.
54. Yusuff RO, Sonibare JA. Characterization of textile industries’ effluents in Kaduna, Nigeria and pollution implications. GlobalNEST International Journal 2004;6(3):212-21.
55. Zollinger H. Color Chemistry: Syntheses, Properties, and Applications of Organic Dyes and Pigments. United Kingdom: VCH Publishers; 1987.
2. Akarslan F, Demiralay H. Effects of textile materials harmful to human health. Acta Physica Polonica A 2015;128(2B):407-9.
3. Amin H, Amer A, Fecky AE, Ibrahim I. Treatment of textile waste water using H2O2/UV system. Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing 2008;42:17-28.
4. Anjaneyulu Y, Chary NS, Raj DS. Decolourization of industrial effluents-available methods and emerging technologies: a review. Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology 2005;4(4):245-73.
5. Arulbalaji P, Gurugnanam B. Groundwater quality assessment using geospatial and statistical tools in Salem district, Tamil Nadu, India. Applied Water Science 2017;7(6):2737-51.
6. Bansal RC, Goyal M. Activated Carbon Adsorption. Boca Raton, United States: CRC Press; 2005.
7. Baruah AK, Sharma RN, Borah GC. Impact of sugar mill and distillery effluents on water quality of river Gelabil, Assam. Indian Journal of Environmental Health 1993;35(4):288-93.
8. Bhatia D, Sharma NR, Singh J, Kanwar RS. Biological methods for textile dye removal from wastewater: a review. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology 2017;47(19):1836-76.
9. Boyter HA. Environmental Legislation USA. In: Christie RM, editor. Environmental Aspects of Textile Dyeing. 1st ed. United Kingdom: Woodhead Publishing; 2007. p. 30-43.
10. Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). Indian Standard: Drinking Water-Specification (Second Revision: IS 10500); New Delhi, India: Bureau of Indian Standards; 2012.
11. Chaurasia NK, Tiwari RK. Effect of industrial effluents and wastes on physicochemical parameters of river Rapti. Advances in Applied Science Research 2011;2(5):207-11.
12. Dinesh C, Geetha Selvarani A. Relationship between landuse and water quality in Salem district. International Journal for Innovative Research in Science and Technology 2016;2(12):68-72.
13. Dutta S. India is already facing a water crisis - and it is only going to get worse [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Apr 12]. Available from: https://qz.com/india/353707 /india-is-already-facing-a-water-crisis-and-it-is-only-going-to-get-worse/.
14. Elango G, Rathika G, Elango S. Physicochemical parameters of textile dyeing effluent and its impacts with case study. International Journal of Research in Chemistry and Environment 2017;7(1):17-24.
15. Environmental Information System. Centre on hygiene, sanitation, sewage treatment systems and technology [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 Apr 30]. Available from: http://sulabhenvis.nic.in/.
16. Fakayode SO. Impact of industrial effluents on water quality of the receiving Alaro river in Ibadan, Nigeria. African Journal of Environmental Assessment and Management 2005;10:1-13.
17. Garg SK, Tripathi M. Microbial strategies for discoloration and detoxification of azo dyes from textile effluents. Research Journal Microbiology 2017;12:1-9.
18. Geetha A, Palanisamy PN, Sivakumar P, Kumar PG, Sujatha M. Assessment of underground water contamination and effect of textile effluents on Noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamilnadu. Journal of Chemistry 2008;5(4):696-705.
19. Giller PS, Giller P, Malmqvist B. The Biology of Streams and Rivers. United States: Oxford University Press; 1998.
20. Indian Standard. Method of Sampling and Test (Physical and Chemical) for Water and Waste Water. IS: 3025, 2006.
21. Jagadeesan G. Residential Development and Patterns in Urban Villages of Salem City [dissertation]. India: Periyar University; 2014.
22. Jayanth SN, Karthik R, Logesh S, Srinivas RK, Vijayanand K. Environmental issues and its impacts associated with the textile processing units in Tiruppur, Tamilnadu. Proceedings of the 2nd Environmental Science and Development International Conference; Volume 4; Singapore; IACSIT Press: 2011. p. 120-4.
23. Joshi VJ, Santani DD. Physicochemical characterization and heavy metal concentration in effluent of textile industry. Universal Journal of Environmental Research and Technology 2012;2(2).
24. Kant R. Textile dyeing industry an environmental hazard. Natural Science 2012;4(1):22-6.
25. Kaur A, Vats S, Rekhi S, Bhardwaj A, Goel J, Tanwar RS, Gaur KK. Physicochemical analysis of the industrial effluents and their impact on the soil microflora. Procedia Environmental Sciences 2010;2:595-9.
26. Kaushik P, Malik A. Microbial decolourization of textile dyes through isolates obtained from contaminated sites. Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 2009;68(04):325-31.
27. Khan S, Malik A. Environmental and health effects of textile industry wastewater. In: Malik A, Grohmann E, Akhtar R, editors. Environmental Deterioration and Human Health: Natural and Anthropogenic Determinants. Dordrecht, Holland: Springer; 2014. p. 55-71.
28. Kolhe AS, Pawar VP. Physicochemical analysis of effluents from dairy industry. Recent Research in Science and Technology 2011;3(5).
29. Krishnaraj S, Shanthi T, Nagarajan M. Comparison of groundwater quality in and around Salem in Tamilnadu, India. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology 2015;2(3):2346-50.
30. Leelavathi C, Sainath UK, Rabbani AK. Physicochemical characterization of ground water of Autonagar, Vijayawada, Krishna district. International Journal of Engineering Development and Research 2016;4(2):1324-8.
31. Manikandan P, Palanisamy PN, Baskar R, Sivakumar P, Sakthisharmila P. Physicochemical analysis of textile industrial effluents from Tirupur city, TN, India. International Journal of Advance Research in Science and Engineering 2015;4(2):93-104.
32. Mondal S, Guha AK. Characterization of Textile Waste Water of Chittagong and Narayangonj Areas. Bangladesh Textile Today; 2011.
33. Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME). Development Institute, Chennai (Ministry of MSME, Govt. of India). Brief industrial profile of Salem district 2015-16 [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 May 15]. Available from: http://dcmsme.gov.in/ dips/2016-17/dip.salem.2015.16.1.pdf.
34. Patel R, Tajddin K, Patel A, Patel B. Physicochemical analysis of textile effluent. International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation 2015;2(5):33-7.
35. Ramesh M, Dharmaraj E, Raj BJ. Physicochemical characteristics of ground water of Manachanallur Block Trichy, Tamilnadu, India. Advances in Applied Science Research 2012;3(3):1709-13.
36. Rajasulochana P, Preethy V. Comparison on efficiency of various techniques in treatment of waste and sewage water: a comprehensive review. Resource-Efficient Technologies 2016;2(4):175-84.
37. Robinson T, Chandran B, Nigam P. Studies on desorption of individual textile dyes and a synthetic dye effluent from dye-adsorbed agricultural residues using solvents. Bioresource Technology 2002;84(3):299-301.
38. Roy R, Fakhruddin AN, Khatun R, Islam MS, Ahsan MA, Neger AJ. Characterization of textile industrial effluents and its effects on aquatic macrophytes and algae. Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 2010;45(1):79-84.
39. Sankpal ST, Naikwade PV. Physicochemical analysis of effluent discharge of fish processing industries in Ratnagiri India. Bioscience Discovery 2012;3(1):107-11.
40. Sathya J, Ravichandran M. Economics of Pollution Control in Sago Industry in Salem District Tamil Nadu [dissertation]. India: Bharathidasan University; 2007.
41. Sathiyaraj G, Ravindran KC, Malik ZH. Physicochemical characteristics of textile effluent collected from Erode, Pallipalayam and Bhavani polluted regions, Tamilnadu, India. Journal of Ecobiotechnology 2017;9:1-4.
42. Selvakumar S, Chandrasekar N, Kumar G. Hydro-geochemical characteristics and groundwater contamination in the rapid urban development areas of Coimbatore, India. Water Resources and Industry 2017;17:26-33.
43. Spagni A, Casu S, Grilli S. Decolourisation of textile wastewater in a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor. Bioresource Technology 2012;117:180-5.
44. Sponza DT. Necessity of toxicity assessment in Turkish industrial discharges (examples from metal and textile industry effluents). Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 2002;73(1):41-66.
45. Srivastava AK. Physicochemical and biological characteristics of a sugar factory effluent. Indian Journal of Ecology 1988;15(2):192-3.
46. Suzuki T, Timofei S, Kurunczi L, Dietze U, Schuurmann G. Correlation of aerobic biodegradability of sulfonated azo dyes with the chemical structure. Chemosphere 2001;45(1):1-9.
47. Teli MD. Textile coloration industry in India. Coloration Technology 2008;124(1):1-3.
48. Tishmack J, Jones D. Meeting the challenges of swine manure management. BioCycle 2003;44(10):24.
49. Thangaraj A, Muralidharan S, Senthilkumar A, Moorthi M. The physicochemical characteristics of different textile dyeing effluents and their influence on the total protein levels of dragonfly larvae Bradinopyga Geminata. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications 2017;7(7):534-8.
50. Tufekci N, Sivri N, Toroz İ. Pollutants of textile industry wastewater and assessment of its discharge limits by water quality standards. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2007;7(2).
51. Varma L, Sharma J. Analysis of physical and chemical parameters of textile waste water. Journal of International Academy of Physical Sciences 2011;15(2):269-76.
52. Vigneshpriya D, Shanthi E. Physicochemical characterization of textile waste water. International Journal of Innovative Research and Development 2015;4(10):48-51.
53. Wu J, Doan H, Upreti S. Decolourization of aqueous textile reactive dye by ozone. Chemical Engineering Journal 2008;142(2):156-60.
54. Yusuff RO, Sonibare JA. Characterization of textile industries’ effluents in Kaduna, Nigeria and pollution implications. GlobalNEST International Journal 2004;6(3):212-21.
55. Zollinger H. Color Chemistry: Syntheses, Properties, and Applications of Organic Dyes and Pigments. United Kingdom: VCH Publishers; 1987.