Metal Accumulation in Lichens as a Tool for Assessing Atmospheric Contamination in a Natural Park DOI: 10.32526/ennrj.18.2.2020.16
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Published:
Jan 20, 2020
Keywords:
Background concentration Bioaccumulation Motor vehicle Parmotrema tinctorum Tourism
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Abstract
Motor vehicles passing through natural areas could contribute to the air pollution that most likely causes biodiversity losses and decreases air quality. This study assessed the impact of tourism on atmospheric metal pollution in Khao Yai National Park (KYNP), Thailand. Native thalli of the epiphytic lichen Parmotrema tinctorum were collected during the rainy period at a total of eleven sampling sites: three sites in forested (no traffic), four sites in accommodation (low-moderate traffic) and four sites in parking (moderate-high traffic) areas in KYNP. Nine traffic-related metals, including As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Sb, V and Zn, were detected using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The concentrations of most metals did not show significant differences between the higher traffic intensity areas and the no traffic area, and the concentrations of the metals were in the range of their background concentrations. Only Cr and V, metals related to motor vehicles, were identified at the accommodation sites at significantly higher concentrations (Cr=3.4 µg/g, V=1.33 µg/g) than their baseline concentrations (Cr=1.4 µg/g, V=0.96 µg/g). These two metals have adverse effects on humans, plants, lichens and other organisms. Bioaccumulation ratios (B ratios) indicated that most metals at most sampling sites did not bioaccumulate. No metal demonstrated high or severe bioaccumulation. This result suggests that the impact of tourism on atmospheric metal pollution in the rainy period at the KYNP was modest. It also affirms the ability of lichen as an effective tool for assessing atmospheric contamination in natural areas.
Article Details
How to Cite
Boonpeng, C., Sangiamdee, D., Noikrad, S., Watthana, S., & Boonpragob, K. (2020). Metal Accumulation in Lichens as a Tool for Assessing Atmospheric Contamination in a Natural Park: DOI: 10.32526/ennrj.18.2.2020.16. Environment and Natural Resources Journal, 18(2), 166–176. Retrieved from https://ph02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/ennrj/article/view/236303
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Original Research Articles
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References
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11. Boonpeng C, Sriviboon C, Polyiam W, Sangiamdee D, Watthana S, Boonpragob K. Assessing atmospheric pollution in a petrochemical industrial district using a lichen-air quality index (LiAQI). Ecological Indicators 2018;95:589-94.
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14. Conti ME, Pino A, Botrè F, Bocca B, Alimonti A. Lichen Usnea barbata as biomonitor of airborne elements deposition in the Province of Tierra del Fuego (southern Patagonia, Argentina). Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2009;72:1082-9.
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16. Gallo L, Corapi A, Apollaro C, Vespasiano G, Lucadamo L. Effect of the interaction between transplants of the epiphytic lichen Pseudevernia furfuracea L. (Zopf) and rainfall on the variation of element concentrations associated with the water-soluble part of atmospheric depositions. Atmospheric Pollution Research 2017;8:912-20.
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18. Gombert S, Asta J, Seaward MRD. Correlation between the nitrogen concentration of two epiphytic lichens and the traffic density in an urban area. Environmental Pollution 2003;123:281-90.
19. Guidotti M, Stella D, Dominici C, Blasi G, Owczarek M, Vitali M, Protano C. Monitoring of traffic-related pollution in a province of central Italy with transplanted lichen Pseudevernia furfuracea. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 2009;83:852-8.
20. Käffer MI, Lemos AT, Apel MA, Rocha JV, Martins SM, Vargas VMF. Use of bioindicators to evaluate air quality and genotoxic compounds in an urban environment in Southern Brazil. Environmental Pollution 2012;163:24-31.
21. Kampa M, Castanas E. Human health effects of air pollution. Environmental Pollution 2008;151:362-7.
22. Koch NM, Branquinho C, Matos P, Pinho P, Lucheta F, Martins SM, Vargas VMF. The application of lichens as ecological surrogates of air pollution in the subtropics: A case study in South Brazil. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2016;23:20819-34.
23. Koz B, Celik N, Cevik U. Biomonitoring of heavy metals by epiphytic lichen species in Black Sea region of Turkey. Ecological Indicators 2010;10:762-5.
24. LeSueur P, Puckett KJ. Effect of vanadium on the phosphatase activity of lichens. Canadian Journal of Botany 1980;58:502-4.
25. Liu R, Zhang Z, Shen J, Wang Z. Analysis of metal content and vertical stratification of epiphytic mosses along a Karst Mountain highway. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2018;25:29605-13.
26. Loppi S. Lichens as sentinels for air pollution at remote alpine areas (Italy). Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2014;21:2563-71.
27. Louwhoff HJJS, Elix JA. The lichens of Rarotonga, Cook Islands, South Pacific Ocean II: Parmeliaceae. Lichenologist 2000;32:49-55.
28. Mateos AC, González CM. Physiological response and sulfur accumulation in the biomonitor Ramalina celastri in relation to the concentrations of SO2 and NO2 in urban environments. Microchemical Journal 2016;125:116-23.
29. McDonald R, Kroeger T, Boucher T, Longzhu W, Salem R, Adams J, et al. Planting Healthy Air. USA: The Nature Conservancy; 2016.
30. Nascimbene J, Tretiach M, Corana F, Lo Schiavo F, Kodnik D, Dainese M, Mannucci B. Patterns of traffic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollution in mountain areas can be revealed by lichen biomonitoring: A case study in the Dolomites (Eastern Italian Alps). Science of the Total Environment 2014;475:90-6.
31. Ohmura Y, Matsukura K, Abe J-iP, Hosaka K, Tamaoki M, Dohi T, Kakishima M, et al. 137Cs concentrations in foliose lichens within Tsukuba-city as a reflection of radioactive fallout from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 2015;141:38-43.
32. Olowoyo J, van Heerden E, Fischer JL. Trace element concentrations from lichen transplants in Pretoria, South Africa. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2011;18:663-68.
33. Pawlik-Skowrońska B, Bačkor M. Zn/Pb-tolerant lichens with higher content of secondary metabolites produce less phytochelatins than specimens living in unpolluted habitats. Environmental and Experimental Botany 2011;72:64-70.
34. Pawlik-Skowrońska B, Purvis OW, Pirszel J, Skowroński T. Cellular mechanisms of Cu-tolerance in the epilithic lichen Lecanora polytropa growing at a copper mine. Lichenologist 2006;38:267-75.
35. Phumsathan S. Environmental Impacts of Tourism in Khao Yai National Park, Thailand [dissertation]. Texas: Texas A and M University; 2010.
36. Port RK, Käffer MI, Schmitt JL. Morphophysiological variation and metal concentration in the thallus of Parmotrema tinctorum (Despr. ex Nyl.) Hale between urban and forest areas in the subtropical region of Brazil. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2018;25:33667-77.
37. Prussia CM, Killingbeck KT. Concentrations of ten elements in two common foliose lichens: Leachability, seasonality, and the influence of rock and tree bark substrates. Bryologist 1991;94:135-42.
38. Sangiamdee D. Validation of Sample Preparation Methods for Determination of Metal Accumulation in Lichen Parmotrema tinctorum by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) [dissertation]. Bangkok: Ramkhamhaeng University; 2014.
39. Shanker AK, Cervantes C, Loza-Tavera H, Avudainayagam S. Chromium toxicity in plants. Environment International 2005;31:739-53.
40. Sorbo S, Aprile G, Strumia S, Castaldo Cobianchi R, Leone A, Basile A. Trace element accumulation in Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf exposed in Italy's so called Triangle of Death. Science of the Total Environment 2008;407:647-54.
41. Spellerberg IF. Ecological effects of roads and traffic: A literature review. Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters 1998;7: 317-33.
42. Vachirapatama N, Jirakiattikul Y, Dicinoski G, Townsend AT, Haddad PR. Effect of vanadium on plant growth and its accumulation in plant tissues. Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology 2011;33:255-61.
43. Wannalux B. The Growth and Longevity of Tropical Lichens of Khao Yai National Park [dissertation]. Bangkok: Ramkhamhaeng University; 2014.
44. Yemets OA, Solhaug KA, Gauslaa Y. Spatial dispersal of airborne pollutants and their effects on growth and viability of lichen transplants along a rural highway in Norway. Lichenologist 2014;46:809-23.
45. Zhao L, Zhang C, Jia S, Liu Q, Chen Q, Li X, Liu X, et al. Element bioaccumulation in lichens transplanted along two roads: The source and integration time of elements. Ecological Indicators 2019;99:101-7.
2. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). Public health statement for chromium [Internet]. 2012a [cited 2019 Jul 22]. Available from: https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/PHS /PHS.asp?id=60&tid=17/.
3. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). Public health statement for vanadium [Internet]. 2012b [cited 2019 Jul 22]. Available from: https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/PHS /PHS.asp?id=274&tid=50/.
4. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). The ATSDR 2017 substance priority list [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2019 Jul 22]. Available from: https://www.atsdr.cdc. gov/spl/index.html#2017spl/.
5. Bačkor M, Loppi S. Interactions of lichens with heavy metals. Biologia Plantarum 2009;53:214-22.
6. Bajpai R, Shukla V, Singh N, Rana TS, Upreti DK. Physiological and genetic effects of chromium (+VI) on toxitolerant lichen species, Pyxine cocoes. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2015;22:3727-38.
7. Bargagli R, Nimis PL. Accumulation of inorganic contaminations. In: Nimis PL, Scheidegger C, Wolseley PA. editors. Monitoring with Lichens - Monitoring Lichens. The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic; 2002. p. 65-84.
8. Boonpeng C. The Effects of Atmospheric Deposition on Lichens for Assessing Environmental Quality at the Map Ta Phut Petrochemical Industrial Area, Thailand [dissertation]. Bangkok: Ramkhamhaeng University; 2016.
9. Boonpeng C, Polyiam W, Sriviboon C, Jhampasri T, Watthana S, Sangvichien E, Boonpragob K. Accumulation of inorganic pollutants and photosynthetic responses of transplanted lichens at distances away from an industrial complex. Thai Journal of Botany 2017a;9:181-91.
10. Boonpeng C, Polyiam W, Sriviboon C, Sangiamdee D, Watthana S, Nimis PL, Boonpragob K. Airborne trace elements near a petrochemical industrial complex in Thailand assessed by the lichen Parmotrema tinctorum (Despr. ex Nyl.) Hale. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2017b;24: 12393-404.
11. Boonpeng C, Sriviboon C, Polyiam W, Sangiamdee D, Watthana S, Boonpragob K. Assessing atmospheric pollution in a petrochemical industrial district using a lichen-air quality index (LiAQI). Ecological Indicators 2018;95:589-94.
12. Brockelman WY, Nathalang A, Maxwell JF. Mo Singto Forest Dynamics Plot: Flora and Ecology. Pathum Thani, Thailand: National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA); 2017.
13. Cecconi E, Fortuna L, Benesperi R, Bianchi E, Brunialti G, Contardo T, Nuzzo LD, et al. New interpretative scales for lichen bioaccumulation data: The Italian proposal. Atmosphere 2019;10:1-19.
14. Conti ME, Pino A, Botrè F, Bocca B, Alimonti A. Lichen Usnea barbata as biomonitor of airborne elements deposition in the Province of Tierra del Fuego (southern Patagonia, Argentina). Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2009;72:1082-9.
15. Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation. Number of income, tourists and vehicles [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2019 Aug 9]. Available from: http://portal.dnp.go.th /Content/nationalpark?contentId=11191.
16. Gallo L, Corapi A, Apollaro C, Vespasiano G, Lucadamo L. Effect of the interaction between transplants of the epiphytic lichen Pseudevernia furfuracea L. (Zopf) and rainfall on the variation of element concentrations associated with the water-soluble part of atmospheric depositions. Atmospheric Pollution Research 2017;8:912-20.
17. Garty J, Garty-Spitz RL. Lichens and particulate matter: Inter-relations and biomonitoring with lichens. In: Upreti DK, Divakar PK, Shukla V, Bajpai R. editors. Recent Advances in Lichenology: Modern Methods and Approaches in Biomonitoring and Bioprospection. New Delhi, India: Springer; 2015. p. 47-85.
18. Gombert S, Asta J, Seaward MRD. Correlation between the nitrogen concentration of two epiphytic lichens and the traffic density in an urban area. Environmental Pollution 2003;123:281-90.
19. Guidotti M, Stella D, Dominici C, Blasi G, Owczarek M, Vitali M, Protano C. Monitoring of traffic-related pollution in a province of central Italy with transplanted lichen Pseudevernia furfuracea. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 2009;83:852-8.
20. Käffer MI, Lemos AT, Apel MA, Rocha JV, Martins SM, Vargas VMF. Use of bioindicators to evaluate air quality and genotoxic compounds in an urban environment in Southern Brazil. Environmental Pollution 2012;163:24-31.
21. Kampa M, Castanas E. Human health effects of air pollution. Environmental Pollution 2008;151:362-7.
22. Koch NM, Branquinho C, Matos P, Pinho P, Lucheta F, Martins SM, Vargas VMF. The application of lichens as ecological surrogates of air pollution in the subtropics: A case study in South Brazil. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2016;23:20819-34.
23. Koz B, Celik N, Cevik U. Biomonitoring of heavy metals by epiphytic lichen species in Black Sea region of Turkey. Ecological Indicators 2010;10:762-5.
24. LeSueur P, Puckett KJ. Effect of vanadium on the phosphatase activity of lichens. Canadian Journal of Botany 1980;58:502-4.
25. Liu R, Zhang Z, Shen J, Wang Z. Analysis of metal content and vertical stratification of epiphytic mosses along a Karst Mountain highway. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2018;25:29605-13.
26. Loppi S. Lichens as sentinels for air pollution at remote alpine areas (Italy). Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2014;21:2563-71.
27. Louwhoff HJJS, Elix JA. The lichens of Rarotonga, Cook Islands, South Pacific Ocean II: Parmeliaceae. Lichenologist 2000;32:49-55.
28. Mateos AC, González CM. Physiological response and sulfur accumulation in the biomonitor Ramalina celastri in relation to the concentrations of SO2 and NO2 in urban environments. Microchemical Journal 2016;125:116-23.
29. McDonald R, Kroeger T, Boucher T, Longzhu W, Salem R, Adams J, et al. Planting Healthy Air. USA: The Nature Conservancy; 2016.
30. Nascimbene J, Tretiach M, Corana F, Lo Schiavo F, Kodnik D, Dainese M, Mannucci B. Patterns of traffic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollution in mountain areas can be revealed by lichen biomonitoring: A case study in the Dolomites (Eastern Italian Alps). Science of the Total Environment 2014;475:90-6.
31. Ohmura Y, Matsukura K, Abe J-iP, Hosaka K, Tamaoki M, Dohi T, Kakishima M, et al. 137Cs concentrations in foliose lichens within Tsukuba-city as a reflection of radioactive fallout from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 2015;141:38-43.
32. Olowoyo J, van Heerden E, Fischer JL. Trace element concentrations from lichen transplants in Pretoria, South Africa. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2011;18:663-68.
33. Pawlik-Skowrońska B, Bačkor M. Zn/Pb-tolerant lichens with higher content of secondary metabolites produce less phytochelatins than specimens living in unpolluted habitats. Environmental and Experimental Botany 2011;72:64-70.
34. Pawlik-Skowrońska B, Purvis OW, Pirszel J, Skowroński T. Cellular mechanisms of Cu-tolerance in the epilithic lichen Lecanora polytropa growing at a copper mine. Lichenologist 2006;38:267-75.
35. Phumsathan S. Environmental Impacts of Tourism in Khao Yai National Park, Thailand [dissertation]. Texas: Texas A and M University; 2010.
36. Port RK, Käffer MI, Schmitt JL. Morphophysiological variation and metal concentration in the thallus of Parmotrema tinctorum (Despr. ex Nyl.) Hale between urban and forest areas in the subtropical region of Brazil. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2018;25:33667-77.
37. Prussia CM, Killingbeck KT. Concentrations of ten elements in two common foliose lichens: Leachability, seasonality, and the influence of rock and tree bark substrates. Bryologist 1991;94:135-42.
38. Sangiamdee D. Validation of Sample Preparation Methods for Determination of Metal Accumulation in Lichen Parmotrema tinctorum by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) [dissertation]. Bangkok: Ramkhamhaeng University; 2014.
39. Shanker AK, Cervantes C, Loza-Tavera H, Avudainayagam S. Chromium toxicity in plants. Environment International 2005;31:739-53.
40. Sorbo S, Aprile G, Strumia S, Castaldo Cobianchi R, Leone A, Basile A. Trace element accumulation in Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf exposed in Italy's so called Triangle of Death. Science of the Total Environment 2008;407:647-54.
41. Spellerberg IF. Ecological effects of roads and traffic: A literature review. Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters 1998;7: 317-33.
42. Vachirapatama N, Jirakiattikul Y, Dicinoski G, Townsend AT, Haddad PR. Effect of vanadium on plant growth and its accumulation in plant tissues. Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology 2011;33:255-61.
43. Wannalux B. The Growth and Longevity of Tropical Lichens of Khao Yai National Park [dissertation]. Bangkok: Ramkhamhaeng University; 2014.
44. Yemets OA, Solhaug KA, Gauslaa Y. Spatial dispersal of airborne pollutants and their effects on growth and viability of lichen transplants along a rural highway in Norway. Lichenologist 2014;46:809-23.
45. Zhao L, Zhang C, Jia S, Liu Q, Chen Q, Li X, Liu X, et al. Element bioaccumulation in lichens transplanted along two roads: The source and integration time of elements. Ecological Indicators 2019;99:101-7.