Factors Related to Coastal Communities’ Water-Related Natural Disaster Awareness, Preparedness, Resilience and Recovery in Three Cyclone Nargis Affected Areas in the Ayeyarwaddy Delta Region, Myanmar DOI: 10.32526/ennrj.18.3.2020.29
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Published:
Jun 15, 2020
Keywords:
Awareness Preparedness Resilience Recovery Coastal communities Water-related natural disaster
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Abstract
Natural disasters have a negative impact on the socio-economy of a country. This cross-sectional analytical study determined the factors that influence coastal communities’ water-related disaster awareness, preparedness, resilience and recovery in Cyclone Nargis affected areas in Myanmar. A total of 390 respondents from the three townships most affected by Cyclone Nargis in the Ayeyarwaddy Delta Region were purposively selected. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 22.0. Associations between variables were analyzed by using binary logistic regression with p<0.05. Multivariate analysis was performed for the final model and interpreted with adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. Among respondents, more than 75% were not only aware and prepared before the disaster but had recovered and demonstrated resilience following the disaster. The respondents who had problems recovering on the “financial” index were 0.5 times less likely to exhibit recovery (OR=0.558, 95% CI=0.346-0.899, p=0.016) in binary analysis. The respondents who had problems recovering on the “health” index were 0.3 times less likely to demonstrate recovery (OR=0.387, 95% CI=0.194-0.772, p=0.007) in multivariate analysis. It is recommended that awareness and disaster management education programs that shape behavioral change are initiated which target both rural and urban areas in Myanmar.
Article Details
How to Cite
Yar Min, Z. ., Bhaktikul, K. ., Aroonsrimorakot, S., Sucharitakul, S. ., Sriratana Tabucanon, A. ., & Eko Siswoyo, B. (2020). Factors Related to Coastal Communities’ Water-Related Natural Disaster Awareness, Preparedness, Resilience and Recovery in Three Cyclone Nargis Affected Areas in the Ayeyarwaddy Delta Region, Myanmar: DOI: 10.32526/ennrj.18.3.2020.29. Environment and Natural Resources Journal, 18(3), 304–313. Retrieved from https://ph02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/ennrj/article/view/241115
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Original Research Articles
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2. Barlett JE, Kotrlik JW, Higgins CC. Organizational research: Determining appropriate sample size in survey research. Information Technology, Learning, and Performance Journal 2001;19(1):43-50.
3. Bethel JW, Foreman AN, Burke SC. Disaster preparedness among medically vulnerable populations. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2011;40(2):139-43.
4. Birkmann J, Buckle P, Jaegar J, Pelling M, Setiadi N, Garschagen M, Fernando N, Kropp J. Extreme events and disasters: A window of opportunity for change? analysis of organizational, institutional and political changes, formal and informal responses after mega-disasters. Natural Hazards 2010;55:637-55.
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6. Cvetković VM, Roder G, Ocal A, Tarolli P, Dragicevic ́ S. The role of gender in preparedness and response behaviors towards flood risk in Serbia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2018;15(2761):1-21.
7. Dufty N. Using social media to build community disaster resilience. Australian Journal of Emergency Management 2012;27(1):40-5.
8. Gwee QR, Shaw R, Takeuchi Y. Chapter 2 disaster education policy: Current and future. In: Shaw R, Shiwaku K, Takeuchi Y, editors. Disaster Education. Bingley: Emerald Group Publishing; 2011. p. 23-44.
9. Hanson WE, Creswell JW, Clark VLP, Petska KS, Creswell JD. Mixed methods research designs in counseling psychology. Journal of Counseling Psychology 2005;52(2):224-35.
10. Hoffmann R, Muttarak R. Learn from the past, prepare for the future: impacts of education and experience on disaster preparedness in the Philippines and Thailand.World Development 2017;96:1-20.
11. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC). Myanmar: cyclone nargis 2008 facts and figures [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2019 Dec 24]. Available from: https://www.ifrc.org/en/news-and-media/news-stories/asia-pacific/myanmar/myanmar-cyclone-nargis-2008-facts-and-figures/.
12. Kurita T, Ikeda M, Suzuki K, Colombage SRN. Promotion of community-based disaster reduction activity through hands-on training in Sri Lanka. Journal of Natural Disaster Science 2007;29(2):41-51.
13. Muttarak R, Lutz W. Is education a key to reducing vulnerability to natural disasters and hence unavoidable climate change? Ecology and Society 2014;19(1):42.
14. Myanmar Information Management Unit (MIMU). Ayeyarwady region [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: https://themimu.info/states_regions/ayeyarwady.
15. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Policy Handbook on Natural Hazard Awareness and Disaster Risk Reduction Education. Publishing Paris, 2010.
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17. Ozkazanc S, Yuksel UD. Evaluation of disaster awareness and sensitivity level of higher education students. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 2015;197:745-53.
18. Parsons M, Glavac S, Hastings P, Marshall G, McGregor J, McNeill J, Morley P, Reeve I, Stayner R. Top-down assessment of disaster resilience: A conceptual framework using coping and adaptive capacities. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 2016;19:1-11.
19. Paul BK, Dutt S. Hazard warnings and responses to evacuation orders: The case of Bangladesh's cyclone SIDR. Geographical
20. Review 2010;100(3):336-55.
21. Post-Nargis Joint Assessment (PONJA). Post-nargis joint assessment report [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: https://www.gfdrr.org/sites/default/files/ GFDRR_Myanmar_Post-Nargis_Joint_Assessment_2008_ EN.pdf.
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26. Tanner T, Mitchell T, Polack E, Guenther B. Urban governance for adaptation: assessing climate change resilience in ten Asian cities. IDS Working Paper 2009;315:1-47.
27. Tierney KJ. Disaster preparedness and response: research findings and guidance from the social science literature. US-ROC Workshop on Natural Disaster Reducation; 1993 June 24-26; Taipei: Taiwan; 1993.
28. Torani S, Majd PM, Maroufi SS, Dowlati M, Sheikhi RA. The importance of education on disasters and emergencies: A review article. Journal of Education and Health Promotion 2019;8(85):1-7.
29. Tuladhar G, Yatabe R, Dahal RK, Bhandary NP. Disaster risk reduction knowledge of local people in Nepal. Geoenvironmental Disasters 2015;2(5):1-12.
30. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Fast facts: disaster risk reduction and recovery [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: https://www.undp.org/ content/dam/undp/library/corporate/fast-facts/english/FF_ DRR_11042014.pdf.
31. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). Learning from cyclone nargis: investing in the environment for livelihoods and disaster risk reduction - A case study [Internet]. 2009 [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11822/14116.
32. United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR). Hyogo framework for action 2005-2015: building the resilience of nations and communities to disasters [Internet]. 2005 [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: https://www.unisdr.org/we/coordinate/hfa.
33. World Bank. Another nargis strikes every day post-nargis social impacts monitoring five years on [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2019 Dec 16]. Available from: https://www.gfdrr.org/sites/ default/files/publication/Another-Nargis-Strikes-Every-Day.pdf.