Chitosan/Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Collagen Hydrogel Composites Containing Jackfruit Axis Extract for Wound Dressing Application
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Abstract
Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) axis (JFA) was extracted using sonication in ethanol. The yield of extraction was about 4.93%. The films of chitosan (CS)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/collagen (Coll) hydrogel composites containing JFA extract were prepared from the mixed solutions of 1% w/v CS, 1% w/v PVA, and Coll at various ratios including 5/4/1, 5/3/2, 4/5/1, and 4/4/2 by weight of solution. The JFA extract was added into the mixed solution at 0.25% w/w. A solvent casting was performed followed by crosslinking via glutaraldehyde vapor treatment. The obtained films were named as JFA-CS/PVA/Coll 5/4/1, 5/3/2, 4/5/1, and 4/4/2. The actual JFA extract content was 19 ± 3.6% based on the weight of dry film. Antioxidant activity of JFA extract was evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of JFA extract was 0.250 mg/mL. The JFA extract only exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), but not for Escherichia coli (E. coli), as determined by an agar disc diffusion method. The release of JFA extract from the hydrogel composite films was studied by total immersion method in distilled water at 37°C during 0-8 h. The JFA-CS/PVA/Coll 4/4/2 showed higher amounts of JFA extract released than those from the ratios of 4/5/1, 5/3/2, and 5/4/1, respectively. The degree of water retention and weight loss of the films appeared in a similar trend to those of the release study. The higher content of CS and lower content of Coll led to the lower amounts of water retention, weight loss, and JFA extract release. Lastly, all types of JFA-CS/PVA/Coll films exhibited antioxidant activity of about 46-51% and antibacterial activity against S. aureus. However, the JFA-CS/PVA/Coll 5/4/1 showed the least antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Based on the overall results, the JFA-CS/PVA/Coll films revealed the potential for use in wound dressing applications.
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