Differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry for Lead(II) Cadmium(II) and Zinc(II) analysison a low cost pencil carbon electrode

Abstract

The simultaneous detection of the heavy metals lead (Pb²⁺), cadmium (Cd²⁺), and zinc (Zn²⁺) via differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV) on glassy carbon comparedto pencil carbon electrode. The influences of the type and pH value of the electrolyte, and comparison of deposition and undeposition potential for pre-concentration heavy metals for the response of the DPASV detection were optimized. The results clearly show that pencil carbon electrode provided reliable analysis for Pb²⁺, Cd²⁺, and Zn²⁺highly oxidation current by the difference oxidation potential occurs at -0.50, -0.73 and -1.05 V, respectively. The linear ranges were for 320 - 6,580 ppb Pb²⁺, 320 -5,590 ppb for Cd²⁺, and 2,000–6,200 ppb for Zn²⁺.