Prediction of GHG Emissions in Paddy Fields by Application of Vegetation Indices

Abstract

The main aim of this research is to inconsistent study methane emissions occurring in the paddy fields starting from cultivation to harvesting and to use vegetation indices to predict the methane emissions. The results showed that the vegetation indices: the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), the Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), the Green Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (GNDVI), and the Infrared Percentage Vegetation Index (IPVI) were in correlation with methane emissions in the same direction as in the paddy fields. The correlations coefficients of Pearson between methane emissions and vegetation Indices (NDVI, GNDVI, SAVI, and IPVI) are at high values of 0.777, 0.835, 0.756, and 0.756, respectively. Therefore, these vegetation indices are suitable to be applied in the quadratic predicted equation. The most suitable predicted equation is from the GNDVI index which the predicted equation is Y = -83.671X² + 80.359X–16.993. This predicted equation showed the highest accuracy in predicting methane emissions with R² of 0.857.