Microplastic Pollution in the Inlet and Outlet Networks of Rawa Jombor Reservoir: Accumulation in Aquatic Fauna, Interactions with Heavy Metals, and Health Risk Assessment 10.32526/ennrj/20/202100200
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Streams are regarded as a pathway for spreading microplastics from land to various aquatic systems. The contamination of streams connected to the Rawa Jombor Reservoir may increase microplastic concentrations in the reservoir. The water coming out of the reservoir carries microplastics that spread out into the stream networks around the reservoir. Heavy metals have a high affinity for microplastics, increasing metal burdens on the surface of microplastics. The transfer of microplastics along the food chain leads to the possibility of increased adverse effects on organisms, mainly top predators. This research evaluated the accumulation and characterization of microplastics in water, sediment, and aquatic fauna (zooplankton, benthos, and fish); interactions with heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Cd, and Zn); and health risk assessment. Microplastics were collected from six sampling locations. The density, type of polymers, and color of microplastics were analyzed, as well as heavy metal concentrations on the surface of microplastics and a health risk assessment. The results showed microplastic contamination at a moderate level. The accumulation of microplastics in aquatic fauna showed the same pattern as microplastics in the environment. Microplastic concentrations in aquatic fauna showed an increase through trophic transfer and indications of biomagnification. Heavy metals were adsorbed on the surface of microplastics in high concentrations. Based on the health risk assessment, microplastic contamination of fish at the inlet and outlet of the Rawa Jombor Reservoir is still safe, but further monitoring is needed because of the possible long-term health hazards that may arise.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Published articles are under the copyright of the Environment and Natural Resources Journal effective when the article is accepted for publication thus granting Environment and Natural Resources Journal all rights for the work so that both parties may be protected from the consequences of unauthorized use. Partially or totally publication of an article elsewhere is possible only after the consent from the editors.
References
Akhbarizadeh R, Moore F, Keshavarzi B. Investigating microplastics bioaccumulation and biomagnification in seafood from the Persian Gulf: A threat to human health? Food Additives and Contaminants: Part A 2019;36(11):1696-708.
Alina AA, Soeprobowati TR, Muhammad F. Water quality of Swamp Jombor Klaten, Central Java based on phytoplankton community. Jurnal Biologi 2015;4(3):41-52. (in Indonesian)
Amelia TS, Khalik WM, Ong MC, Shao YT, Pan HJ, Bhubalan K. Marine microplastics as vectors of major ocean pollutants and its hazards to the marine ecosystem and humans. Progress in Earth and Planetary Science 2021;8(1):1-26.
Amin RM, Sohaimi ES, Anuar ST, Bachok Z. Microplastic ingestion by zooplankton in Terengganu coastal waters, Southern South China Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin 2020;150:1-8.
Andrady AL. Microplastics in the marine environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin 2011;62(8):1596-605.
Andrady AL. The plastic in microplastics: A review. Marine Pollution Bulletin 2017;119(1):12-22.
Arumsari K. Diversity of Chironomidae Bentonic Larvae and Bacteria in Organic Matter Contaminated Sediments, Jombor Swamp, Central Java [dissertation]. Yogyakarta, Universitas Gadjah Mada; 2019. p. 22. (in Indonesian).
Asare ML, Cobbina SJ, Akpabey FJ, Duwiejuah AB, Abuntori ZN. Heavy metal concentration in water, sediment and fish species in the Bontanga Reservoir, Ghana. Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences 2018;10(1):49-58.
Atmawati SN. Diversity of Chironomidae Bentonic Larvae and Bacteria in Organic Matter Contaminated Sediments, Jombor Swamp, Central Java [dissertation]. Yogyakarta, Universitas Negri Yogyakarta; 2012. p. 37-45. (in Indonesian).
Baalkhuyur FM, Dohaish EJAB, Elhalwagy MEA, Alikunhi NM, AlSuwailem AM, Røstad A, et al. Microplastic in the gastrointestinal tract of fishes along the Saudi Arabian Red Sea Coast. Marine Pollution Bulletin 2018;131:407-15.
Barboza LGA, Frias JPGL, Booth AM, Vieira LR, Masura J, Baker J, et al. Microplastics Pollution in the Marine Environment. London, United Kingdom: Academic Press (Elsevier); 2019.
Barboza LGA, Lopes C, Oliveira P, Bessa F, Otero V, Henriques B, et al. Microplastics in wild fish from North East Atlantic Ocean and its potential for causing neurotoxic effects, lipid oxidative damage, and human health risks associated with ingestion exposure. Science of the Total Environment 2020;717:1-14.
Barrows AP, Neumann CA, Berger ML, Shaw SD. Grab vs. neuston tow net: A microplastic sampling performance comparison and possible advances in the field. Analytical Methods. 2016;9(9):1446-53.
Bellasi A, Binda G, Pozzi A, Galafassi S, Volta P, Bettinetti R. Microplastic contamination in freshwater environments: A review, focusing on interactions with sediments and benthic organisms. Environments 2020;7(30):1-27.
Bordós G, Urbányi B, Micsinai A, Kriszt B, Palotai Z, Szabó I, et al. Identification of microplastics in fish ponds and natural freshwater environments of the Carpathian Basin, Europe. Chemosphere 2019;216:110-6.
Brennecke D, Duarte B, Paiva F, Caçador I, Canning-Clode J. Microplastics as vector for heavy metal contamination from the marine environment. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 2016;178:189-95.
Campanale C, Massarelli C, Savino I, Locaputo V, Uricchio VF. A detailed review study on potential effects of microplastics and additives of concern on human health. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020;17(1212):1-26.
Chubarenko I, Bagaev A, Zobkov M, Esiukova E. On some physical and dynamical properties of microplastic particles in marine environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin 2016;108(1-2):105-12.
Cole M, Lindeque P, Fileman E, Halsband C, Goodhead R, Moger J, et al. Microplastic ingestion by zooplankton. Environmental Science and Technology 2013;47(12):6646-55.
Cole M, Lindeque PK, Fileman E, Clark J, Lewis C, Halsband C, et al. Microplastics alter the properties and sinking rates of zooplankton faecal pellets. Environmental Science and Technology 2016;50(6):3239-46.
Collard F, Gilbert B, Compère P, Eppe G, Das K, Jauniaux T, et al. Microplastics in livers of European anchovies (Engraulis encrasicolus, L.). Environmental Pollution 2017;229:1000-5.
Costa E, Piazza V, Lavorano S, Faimali M, Garaventa F, Gambardella C. Trophic transfer of microplastics from copepods to jellyfish in the marine environment. Frontiers in Environmental Science 2020;8:1-7.
Cox KD, Convernton GA, Davies HL, Dower JF, Juanes F, Dudas SE. Human consumption of microplastic. Environmental Science and Technology 2019;53:7068-74.
DeForest DK, Brix KV, Adams WJ. Assessing metal bioaccumulation in aquatic environments: The inverse relationship between bioaccumulation factors, trophic transfer factors and exposure concentration. Aquatic Toxicology 2007;84(2):236-46.
Desforges JP, Galbraith M, Ross PS. Ingestion of microplastics by zooplankton in the Northeast Pacific Ocean. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 2015; 69(3):320-30.
Eriksen M, Mason S, Wilson S, Box C, Zellers A, Edwards W, et al. Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes. Marine Pollution Bulletin 2013;77 (1-2):177-82.
Fan Y, Zheng K, Zhu Z, Chen G, Peng X. Distribution, sedimentary record, and persistence of microplastics in the Pearl River catchment, China. Environmental Pollution 2019;251:862-70.
Ferreira M, Thompson J, Paris A, Rohindra D, Rico C. Presence of microplastics in water, sediments and fish species in an urban coastal environment of Fiji, a Pacific small island developing state. Marine Pollution Bulletin 2020;153:1-9.
Firmansyah, Oktavilia S, Prayogi R, Abdulah R. Indonesian fish consumption: an analysis of dynamic panel regression model. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Tropical and Coastal Region Eco Development; 2018 Oct 30-31; Semarang: Indonesia; 2019.
Frias JPGL, Otero V, Sobral P. Evidence of microplastics in samples of zooplankton from Portuguese coastal waters. Marine Environmental Research 2014;95:89-95.
Godoy V, Blázquez G, Calero M, Quesada L, Martín-Lara MA. The potential of microplastics as carriers of metals. Environmental Pollution 2019;255:1-12.
He B, Goonetilleke A, Ayoko GA, Rintoul L. Abundance, distribution patterns, and identification of microplastics in Brisbane River sediments, Australia. Science of the Total Environment 2020;700:1-33.
Hidalgo-Ruz V, Gutow L, Thompson RC, Thiel M. Microplastics in the marine environment: A review of the methods used for identification and quantification. Environmental Science and Technology 2012;46(6):3060-75.
Hoellein TJ, McCormick AR, Hittie J, London MG, Scott JW, Kelly JJ. Longitudinal patterns of microplastic concentration and bacterial assemblages in surface and benthic habitats of an urban river. Freshwater Science 2017;36(3):491-507.
Hurley J, Hardege J, Valero KCW, Morley S. In situ microplastics ingestion by Antarctic marine benthic invertebrates. Proceedings of the 23rd EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts; 2021 Apr 19-31; Online, Vienna, Austria; 2021.
Jabeen K, Li B, Chen Q, Su L, Wu C, Hollert H, et al. Effects of virgin microplastics on goldfish (Carassius auratus). Chemosphere 2018;213:323-32.
Jiang C, Yin L, Wen X, Du C, Wu L, Long Y, et al. Microplastics in sediment and surface water of west dongting lake and south dongting lake: Abundance, source and composition. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2018;15(10):1-15.
Julienne F, Delorme N, Lagarde F. From macroplastics to microplastics: Role of water in the fragmentation of polyethylene. Chemosphere 2019;236:1-8.
Jung MR, Horgen FD, Orski SV, Rodriguez V, Beers KL, Balazs GH, et al. Validation of ATR FT-IR to identify polymers of plastic marine debris, including those ingested by marine organisms. Marine Pollution Bulletin 2018;127:704-16.
Kaposi KL, Mos B, Kelaher BP, Dworjanyn SA. Ingestion of microplastic has limited impact on a marine larva. Environmental Science and Technology 2014;48(3):1638-45.
Khan S, Cao Q, Zheng YM, Huang YZ, Zhu YG. Health risks of heavy metals in contaminated soils and food crops irrigated with wastewater in Beijing, China. Environmental Pollution 2008;152:686-92.
Kumar S, Rajesh M, Rajesh KM, Suyani NK, Rasheeq AA, Pratiksha KS. Impact of microplastics on aquatic organisms and human health: A review. International Journal of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resources 2020;26(2):59-64.
Kusumaningtyas F. Content of Heavy Metal Cadmium (Cd) in Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), Water, and Sediment and Water Quality in Rowo Jombor, Klaten [dissertation]. Surakarta, Universitas Sebelas Maret; 2015. p. 13. (in Indonesian).
Li J, Qu X, Su L, Zhang W, Yang D, Kolandhasamy P, et al. Microplastics in mussels along the coastal waters of China. Environmental Pollution 2016;214:177-84.
Li J, Huang ZY, Hu Y, Yang H. Potential risk assessment of heavy metals by consuming shellfish collected from Xiamen, China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2013;20(5):2937-47.
Li W, Lo HS, Wong HM, Zhou M, Wong CY, Tam NF, et al. Heavy metals contamination of sedimentary microplastics in Hong Kong. Marine Pollution Bulletin 2020;153:1-7.
Liu X, Song Q, Tang Y, Li W, Xu J, Wu J, et al. Human health risk assessment of heavy metals in soilvegetable system: A multi-medium analysis. Science Total Environment 2013;463:530-40.
Lusher AL, Mchugh M, Thompson RC. Occurrence of microplastics in the gastrointestinal tract of pelagic and demersal fish from the English Channel. Marine Pollution Bulletin 2013;67(1-2):94-9.
Mani T, Hauk A, Walter U, Burkhardt-Holm P. Microplastics profile along the Rhine River. Scientific Reports 2015; 5(1):1-7.
McNeish R, Kim L, Barrett H, Mason S, Kelly J, Hoellein T. Microplasticc in riverine fish is connected to species traits. Scientific Reports 2018;8:1-12.
Munier B, Bendell LI. Macro and micro plastics sorb and desorb metals and act as a point source of trace metals to coastal ecosystems. PLoS ONE 2018;13(2):1-13.
Naqash N, Prakash S, Kapoor D, Singh R. Interaction of freshwater microplastics with biota and heavy metals: A review. Environmental Chemistry Letters 2020;18:1813-24.
NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: A pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants. The Lancet 2020;396(10261):1511-24.
Ozmen M, Ayas Z, Güngördü A, Ekmekci GF, Yerli S. Ecotoxicological assessment of water pollution in Sariyar Dam Lake, Turkey. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2008;70(1):163-73.
Park TJ, Lee SH, Lee MS, Lee JK, Lee SH, Zoh KD. Occurrence of microplastics in the Han River and riverine fish in South Korea. Science of the Total Environment 2019;708:1-36.
Payton TG, Beckingham BA, Dustan P. Microplastic exposure to zooplankton at tidal fronts in Charleston Harbor, SC USA. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 2020;232:1-10.
Pinheiro LM, do Sul JA, Costa MF. Uptake and ingestion are the main pathways for microplastics to enter marine benthos: A review. Food Webs 2020;24:1-11.
Rina TR. Pollution of the Aquatic Environment and Management Strategy for Net Cage Cultivation and Floating Stalls in the Jombor Swamp, Klaten, Central Java [dissertation]. Yogyakarta, Universitas Gadjah Mada; 2020. p. 60-84. (in Indonesian).
Salam MA, Paul SC, Zain RAMM, Bhowmik S, Nath MR, Siddiqua SA, et al. Trace metals contamination potential and health risk assessment of commonly consumed fish of Perak River, Malaysia. PLoS ONE 2020;15(10):1-18.
Shruti VC, Jonathan MP, Rodriguez-Espinosa PF, Rodríguez-González F. Microplastics in freshwater sediments of Atoyac River Basin, Puebla City, Mexico. Science of the Total Environment 2019;654:154-63.
Stolte A, Forster S, Gerdts G, Schubert H. Microplastic concentrations in beach sediments along the German Baltic coast. Marine Pollution Bulletin 2015;99(1-2):216-29.
Sun X, Liang J, Zhu M, Zhao Y, Zhang B. Microplastics in seawater and zooplankton from the Yellow Sea. Environmental Pollution 2018;242:585-95.
Turner A, Holmes LA. Adsorption of trace metals by microplastic pellets in fresh water. Environmental Chemistry 2015; 12(5):600-10.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). A Guidance Manual to Support the Assessment of Contaminated Sediments in Freshwater Ecosystems: Volume 3. Chicago, Illinois, USA: US EPA; 2002.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). Integrated risk information system (IRIS) [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2021 Sep 19]. Available from: https://www.epa.gov/iris.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). Guidance for Assessing Chemical Contaminant Data for Use in Fish Advisories, Volume 2: Risk Assessment and Fish Consumption Limits. 3rd ed. Washington, DC, USA: US EPA; 2000.
Wang J, Peng J, Tan Z, Gao Y, Zhan Z, Chen Q, et al. Microplastics in the surface sediments from the Beijiang River littoral zone: Composition, abundance, surface textures and interaction with heavy metals. Chemosphere 2017; 171:248-58.
Wang J, Wang M, Ru S, Liu X. High levels of microplastic pollution in the sediments and benthic organisms of the South Yellow Sea, China. Science of the Total Environment 2019;651:1661-9.
World Health Organization (WHO). Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO Press; 2011.
Yan M, Nie H, Xu K, He Y, Hu Y, Huang Y, et al. Microplastic abundance, distribution and composition in the Pearl River along Guangzhou city and Pearl River estuary, China. Chemosphere 2019;217:879-86.
Yuan W, Liu X, Wang W, Di M, Wang J. Microplastic abundance, distribution and composition in water, sediments, and wild fish from Poyang Lake, China. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2019;170:180-7.
Ziajahromi S, Drapper D, Hornbuckle A, Rintoul L, Leusch FD. Microplastic pollution in a stormwater floating treatment wetland: Detection of tyre particles in sediment. Science of the Total Environment 2020;713:1-8.