System Dynamics Model for Estimating Water Pollution
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Published:
Mar 5, 2019
Keywords:
System dynamics Water pollution Water quality Water and wastewater management
Main Article Content
Abstract
Water resources are essential for all living organisms. They are used for domestic consumption, agriculture, transportation, recreation, etc. Thus, water quality degradation is a global challenge, according to the United Nations (UN). This paper provides a system dynamics model that helps us see the interrelationships among water quality and the factors that affect it. The following are factors that influence the water quality in this model: national water policy, water and wastewater management, industrial growth, agricultural growth, population growth, and people’s awareness of health. These factors are grouped the three main sectors: household, industrial, and agricultural. This system dynamics model helps to generate an overview of the problem and see how each factor affects each other. Thus, this model contributes to improving the quality of water.
Article Details
How to Cite
Sukruay, J., & Chaysiri, R. (2019). System Dynamics Model for Estimating Water Pollution. INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (ISJET), 2(2), 45–52. Retrieved from https://ph02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/isjet/article/view/175955
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Research Article
เนื้อหาข้อมูล
References
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[55] A. Carrascal Incera, A.F.T. Avelino, and A. Franco Solís, “Gray water and environmental externalities: International
patterns of water pollution through a structural decomposition analysis,”Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 165, pp. 1174-1187, 2017.
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Management, vol. 35, pp. 218-226, 2015.
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Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, vol. 93, no. 1, pp. 125-138, 2004.
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representative sample of Italian individuals. Journal of Cleaner Production. [Online]. 159, pp. 119-129. Available:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652617309617
[7] Q. S. Wang et al., “Human activities and nitrogen in waters,” Acta Ecologica Sinica, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 174-179, 2012.
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[12] S. R. Carpenter et al., “Nonpoint pollution of surface waters with phosphorus and nitrogen,” Ecological Applications,
vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 559-568, 1998.
[13] J. Wang et al., “New approach for point pollution source identification in rivers based on the backward probability
method,” Environmental Pollution, vol. 241, pp. 759-774, 2018.
[14] A. Hagberg. (2007). Industrial wastewater treatment and other environmental problems in Wuhan: Is Swedish technology a solution?. Institutionen för Geovetenskaper.
[15] M. Shabari et al., “Anticipation Of VOCs And HAPs Compounds By Using Appropriate Technolog,” International
Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, vol. 3, no. 9, pp. 336-340, 2014.
[16] B. Priyadharshini, M. Kavisri, and V. Raji, “Removal of Heavy Metals from Well Water,” International Journal of
ChemTech Research, vol. 10, no. 11, pp. 83-90, 2017.
[17] S. I. Amer. (1998). Treating metal finishing wastewater. Environmental Technology.
[18] J. Li et al., “Effect of non-point source pollution on water quality of the Weihe River,” International Journal of Sediment Research, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 50-61, 2011.
[19] Y. Wu, and J. Chen, “Investigating the effects of point source and nonpoint source pollution on the water quality of
the East River (Dongjiang) in South China,” Ecological Indicators, vol. 32, pp. 294-304, 2013.
[20] F. Scannone. (2016). What is eutrophication? Causes, effects and control. [Online]. Available: https://www.eniscuola.net/en/2016/11/03/what-is-eutrophication-causes-effects-andcontrol/
[21] B. R. Bicknell et al., “Hydrological simulation programFortran: HSPF version 12 user’s manual,” AQUA TERRA Consultants, Mountain View, California, 2001.
[22] R.A. Goldstein, “Watershed analysis risk management framework (WARMF),” EPRI. Topical Report. Palo Alto,
CA, 2001.
[23] S. Neitsch et al., “Soil and water assessment tool: User’s manual 2000. Temple (Texas): Grassland,” Soil and Water
Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, 2001.
[24] C.W. Chen, J. W. Herr, and R. A. Goldstein, “Model calculations of total maximum daily loads of mercury for drainage lakes,” JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association, vol. 44, no. 5, pp. 1295-1307, 2008.
[25] D. K. Borah and M. Bera, “Watershed-scale hydrologic and nonpoint-source pollution models: Review of application,” Transactions of the ASAE, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 789, 2004.
[26] P. W. Gassman et al., “The soil and water assessment tool: historical development, applications, and future research directions,” Transactions of the ASABE, vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 1211-1250, 2007.
[27] M. Geza, K. E. Murray, and J. E. McCray, “Watershed-scale impacts of nitrogen from on-site wastewater systems:
parameter sensitivity and model calibration,” Journal of Environmental Engineering, vol. 136, no. 9, pp. 926-938,
2010.
[28] Y. Zheng, and A. A. Keller, “Stochastic watershed water quality simulation for TMDL development–a case study in the Newport Bay watershed,” JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association, vol. 44, no. 6, pp. 1397-1410, 2008.
[29] J. C. Helton, “Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis techniques for use in performance assessment for radioactive waste disposal,” Reliability Engineering & System Safety, vol. 42, no. 2-3, pp. 327-367, 1993.
[30] M. Sànchez-Marrè, “Interoperable intelligent environmental decision support systems: a Framework Proposal,”
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software, 2014.
[31] Y. Zheng, and A. A. Keller, Uncertainty assessment in watershed‐scale water quality modeling and management:
1. Framework and application of generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation (GLUE) approach. Water Resources
Research, vol. 43, no. 8, 2007.
[32] A. Francos et al., “Sensitivity analysis of distributed environmental simulation models: understanding the model
behaviour in hydrological studies at the catchment scale,” Reliability Engineering and System Safety, vol. 79, no. 2,
pp. 205-218, 2003.
[33] M. D. Morris, “Factorial sampling plans for preliminary computational experiments,” Technometrics, vol. 33, no. 2,
pp. 161-174, 1991.
[34] G. M. Hornberger, and R. C. Spear, “Approach to the preliminary analysis of environmental systems,” Journal of
Environmental Management, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 7-18, 1981.
[35] Y. Zheng, and A. A. Keller, “Understanding parameter sensitivity and its management implications in watershed‐scale water quality modeling,” Water Resources Research, vol. 42, no. 5, 2006.
[36] H. McManus and D. Hastings, “A framework for understanding uncertainty and its mitigation and exploitation in complex systems,” IEEE Eng. Manag. Rev., vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 81-94, 2006.
[37] A. Borshchev, and A. Filippov. “From system dynamics and discrete event to practical agent based modeling: reasons, techniques, tools,” in Proceedings of the 22 nd International Conference of the System Dynamics Society. 2004.
[38] C. M. Macal, “To agent-based simulation from system dynamics,” Proceedings of the Winter Simulation Conference.
Winter Simulation Conference. 2010.
[39] S. Sumari et al., “Comparing three simulation model using taxonomy: System dynamic simulation, discrete event
simulation and agent based simulation,” International Journal of Management Excellence, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 54-59, 2013.
[40] S. Wei et al., “System dynamics simulation model for assessing socio-economic impacts of different levels of
environmental flow allocation in the Weihe River Basin, China,” European Journal of Operational Research, vol. 221,
no. 1, pp. 248-262, 2012.
[41] K. A. Stave, “A system dynamics model to facilitate public understanding of water management options in Las Vegas, Nevada,” Journal of Environmental Management, vol. 67, no. 4, pp. 303-313, 2003.
[42] R. Teegavarapu, A. Tangirala, and L. Ormsbee, “Modeling water quality management alternatives for a nutrient impaired stream using system dynamics simulation,” Journal of Environmental Informatics, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 72-80, 2015.
[43] T. Kato, “Simulation of water quality with the application of system dynamics model for population and land-use
changes,” Paddy and Water Environment, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 103-109, 2005.
[44] E. W. Boyer et al., “Anthropogenic nitrogen sources and relationships to riverine nitrogen export in the northeastern USA, in The Nitrogen Cycle at Regional to Global Scales,” Springer. pp. 137-169, 2002.
[45] D. Khanh, and N. H. Thanh, “Management of Agricultural Waste and potential for cobenefits,” Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Development. Vietnam, 2010.
[46] F. Molle et al. (2001). Patterns of social interactions and organisation in irrigated agriculture : the case of the Chao
Phraya Delta. [Online]. Available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269762725
[47] B. K. Bala, F. M. Arshad, and K. M. Noh, “Causal Loop Diagrams, in System Dynamics,” Springer, pp. 37-51, 2017.
[48] N. Roberts, et al., “Introduction to Computer Simulation: A System Dynamics Modeling Approach,” Journal of the
Operational Research Society, vol. 48, no. 11, pp. 1145-1145, 1997.
[49] J. W. Forrester Some basic concepts in System Dynamics. Sloan School of Management, MIT, 2009.
[50] E. F. Wolstenholme, “System enquiry: a system dynamics approach,” New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1990.
[51] A. Regmi, and J. Dyck, “Effects of urbanization on global food demand,” Changing Structure of Global Food
Consumption and Trade, pp. 23-30, 2001.
[52] T. Okadera, M. Watanabe, and K. Xu, “Analysis of water demand and water pollutant discharge using a regional
input–output table: An application to the City of Chongqing, upstream of the Three Gorges Dam in China,” Ecological
Economics, vol. 58, no. 2, pp. 221-237, 2006.
[53] O. Naughton, and P. Hynds, “Public awareness, behaviours and attitudes towards domestic wastewater treatment systems in the Republic of Ireland,” Journal of Hydrology, vol. 518, pp. 108-119, 2014.
[54] N. S. Mei, C.W. Wai, and R. Ahamad, “Environmental awareness and behaviour index for Malaysia,” ProcediaSocial and Behavioral Sciences, vol. 222, pp. 668-675, 2016.
[55] A. Carrascal Incera, A.F.T. Avelino, and A. Franco Solís, “Gray water and environmental externalities: International
patterns of water pollution through a structural decomposition analysis,”Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 165, pp. 1174-1187, 2017.
[56] W. Sun et al., “Application of modified water quality indices as indicators to assess the spatial and temporal trends of water quality in the Dongjiang River,” Ecological Indicators, vol. 66, pp. 306-312, 2016.
[57] S. I. Pirani, and H. A. Arafat, “Solid waste management in the hospitality industry: A review,” Journal of Environmental Management, vol. 146, pp. 320-336, 2014.
[58] A. Betz et al., “Food waste in the Swiss food service industry–Magnitude and potential for reduction,” Waste
Management, vol. 35, pp. 218-226, 2015.
[59] J. Chen et al., “Characteristics of and human influences on nitrogen contamination in Yellow River system, China,”
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, vol. 93, no. 1, pp. 125-138, 2004.
[60] V. Sivasubramanian, Chapter 17 - Phycoremediation and Business Prospects A2 - Prasad, M.N.V, in Bioremediation
and Bioeconomy. Elsevier, 2016.
[61] N. Alexandratos, and J. Bruinsma (2012), “World agriculture towards 2030/2050: the 2012 revision,” FAO, Rome, 2012, pp. 1-147.
[62] A. Singh, “Poor quality water utilization for agricultural production: An environmental perspective,” Land Use Policy.
vol. 43 (Supplement C), pp. 259-262, 2015.
[63] K. Isermann, “Share of agriculture in nitrogen and phosphorus emissions into the surface waters of Western Europe against the background of their eutrophication,” Fertilizer Research, vol. 26, no. 1-3, pp. 253-269, 1990.
[64] W. Australia. (2003). Domestic water use study. [Online]. Available: https://www.water.wa.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0016/5029/42338.pdf
[65] A. Vasileska and G. Rechkoska, “Global and Regional Food Consumption Patterns and Trends,” Procedia - Soc. Behav. Sci., vol. 44, pp. 363–369, 2012.
[66] World Bank. (2018). Agriculture, value added (% of GDP). [Online]. Available: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NV.AGR.TOTL.ZS
[67] U. News. (2017). World population to hit 9.8 billion by 2050, despite nearly universal lower fertility rates – UN. [Online]. Available: https://news.un.org/en/story/2017/06/560022-world-population-hit-98-billion-2050-despite-nearly-universallower-fertility
[68] E. G. NETWORK. (2011). World Birth and Death Rates. [Online]. Available: https://www.ecology.com/birth-deathrates/
[69] R. Connor et al., “Wastewater: the untapped resource,” The United Nations World Water Development Report, 2017.
[70] The World Bank, “What a waste: a global review of solid waste management,” 2012.