Development of a Classroom Database System for Rajabhat Maha Sarakham University Using Google Apps Script

Abstract

Background and Objectives: In the digital age, where information technology plays a crucial role in all sectors, higher education management needs to adapt to new changes and challenges. This research aims to 1) develop a ready-to-use classroom database system for Rajabhat Mahasarakham University using Google Apps Script and evaluate system efficiency, defining process efficiency (E1) as the percentage of success in function operations and outcome efficiency (E2) as the percentage of accuracy of results according to specified criteria (E1/E2 = 80/80); 2) study system quality in terms of accuracy, completeness, and speed of data access; and 3) study users' technology acceptance levels toward the system. Statistical methods used were mean and standard deviation.

Research Methodology: The sample group consisted of three groups: 1) Five staff members from the Office of Academic Promotion and Registration (purposive sampling), used for requirement analysis and system quality evaluation; 2) Nine faculty staff members (purposive sampling), used for requirement analysis and system efficiency evaluation; and 3) 233 teaching staff members (stratified random sampling), used for technology acceptance study.

Research Results: The researcher developed a ready-to-use classroom database system using Google Apps Script, comprising 9 main functions: classroom data management, classroom booking, duplicate booking detection, Google Calendar integration, email notification, reporting, and automatic data backup. The system features a user-friendly interface and supports operation on computers and mobile devices. System quality assessment revealed data accuracy of 99.57%, process efficiency (E1) of 97.60%, and outcome efficiency (E2) of 97.29%, exceeding the set 80/80 criteria. Technology acceptance analysis showed a high overall level of user acceptance (𝑥̅=4.35, S.D.=0.58). Perceived usefulness had the highest mean (𝑥̅=4.47, S.D.=0.51), followed by intention to use (𝑥̅=4.35, S.D.=0.58), attitude toward use (𝑥̅=4.34, S.D.=0.57), and perceived ease of use (𝑥̅=4.22, S.D.=0.66), respectively. Technology acceptance comparison classified by technology experience found a statistically significant difference at the .05 level, with those having less than 5 years of experience showing lower technology acceptance than those with more experience. Qualitative data analysis showed that users were satisfied with the system in terms of ease of use and benefits received, especially in reducing work steps and data accuracy. A key suggestion was to add a notification function via Line.

Conclusion: Rajabhat Mahasarakham University should announce a policy for personnel to use the ready-to-use classroom database system as the primary channel for booking and managing classrooms to ensure full utilization and maximum benefit. An order should be issued to appoint a system oversight committee to ensure continuous operation. Additionally, specialized training should be provided for personnel with less than 5 years of technology experience.