DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A FLOATING SANITATION PLATFORM FOR DISASTER RELIEF IN FLOOD-AFFECTED AREAS

Abstract

     This study aims to design and develop a floating platform equipped with a sanitation system for flood-affected areas, utilizing a solar-powered water filtration system to support flood victims in Sukhothai Province. The floating structure is supported by four 200-liter plastic drums used as buoyancy units. The wastewater treatment system incorporates a 450-liter sedimentation tank. The water filtration system employs manganese media and activated carbon to treat water sourced from surrounding environments, along with ultraviolet-C (UV-C) radiation to disinfect Escherichia coli (E. coli), which may be present during flooding conditions. Electrical energy is generated by a solar power system installed on the roof of the sanitation unit, with a capacity of 350 watts. The system is supported by a 12 V, 35 Ah battery and an inverter for converting direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC). The water filtration system effectively improves water quality and clarity. Alum is used to facilitate the coagulation and sedimentation of suspended solids, while manganese media helps remove dissolved iron, thereby reducing rust stains and metallic odors. Activated carbon is used to eliminate unpleasant and organic odors, resulting in odor-free water storage. The solar power system is capable of supplying electricity to small electrical devices and can charge mobile phones approximately 15–20 times per day. The satisfaction assessment of users indicated an average score of 4.1, corresponding to a good level.