Advancements in Graphene Particle Reinforcement Techniques for Aluminum Welds in Friction Stir Welding Processes
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The integration of graphene particles in friction stir welding (FSW) of aluminum alloys has emerged as a promising approach to enhance mechanical properties, including strength, thermal conductivity, and wear resistance, which are critical for industries like automotive and aerospace. This review aims to summarize and critically evaluate the advancements in graphene particle reinforcement techniques applied to aluminum welds in FSW processes. The key focus areas include the methods of graphene incorporation, the effects of welding parameters on reinforcement efficiency, and the resulting improvements in mechanical properties. The review adopts a thematic approach, drawing upon a comprehensive analysis of existing literature to identify trends and innovations in the field. It highlights significant findings, such as the superior tensile strength and thermal properties of graphene-reinforced welds, as well as the optimization of welding conditions for uniform graphene dispersion. However, challenges remain, particularly in achieving consistent particle distribution and addressing the scalability of graphene-enhanced FSW for industrial applications. Critical gaps, including the need for improved cost-effectiveness and better control of graphene morphology during welding, are discussed. while graphene particle reinforcement has demonstrated notable potential, further research is required to address existing challenges and fully realize its industrial application. This review provides insights that are expected to guide future research efforts and technological advancements in the field
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Balandin, A. A. (2016). Thermal properties of graphene and nanostructured carbon materials. Nature Materials, 10(8), 569-581.
Mubiayi, M. P., & Akinlabi, E. T. (2013). Friction stir welding of dissimilar materials between aluminium alloys and copper-An overview. In 2013 World Congress on Engineering, WCE 2013 (pp. 1990-1996).
Chen, J., Wang, Q., & Liu, P. (2023). Challenges in graphene incorporation in friction stir welding of aluminum. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 822, 141675.
Geim, A. K., & Novoselov, K. S. (2007). The rise of graphene. Nature Materials, 6(3), 183-191.
Gamil, M., & Ahmed, M. M. (2020). Investigating the thermo-mechanical properties of aluminum/graphene nano-platelets composites developed by friction stir processing. International journal of precision engineering and manufacturing, 21(8), 1539-1546.
Kah, P., Rajan, R., Martikainen, J., & Suoranta, R. (2015). Investigation of weld defects in friction-stir welding and fusion welding of aluminium alloys. International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, 10, 1-10.
Mishra, R. S., & Ma, Z. Y. (2017). Friction stir welding and processing. Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, 50(1), 1-78.
Nourani, M., Milani, A. S., & Yannacopoulos, S. (2011). Taguchi optimization of process parameters in friction stir welding of 6061 aluminum alloy: A review and case study. Engineering, 3(2), 144-155.
Chen, J., Shi, L., Wu, C., & Jiang, Y. (2021). The effect of tool pin size and taper angle on the thermal process and plastic material flow in friction stir welding. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 116, 2847-2860.
Wang, M., Zhou, L., & Tang, Z. (2019). Graphene oxide as a reinforcement material for friction stir welded aluminum alloys. Materials Research Bulletin, 115, 348-354.
Srivastava, A. K., Sharma, B., Saju, B. R., Shukla, A., Saxena, A., & Maurya, N. K. (2020). Effect of Graphene nanoparticles on microstructural and mechanical properties of aluminum based nanocomposites fabricated by stir casting. World Journal of Engineering, 17(6), 859-866.
Liu, Y., Xie, B., Zhang, Z., Zheng, Q., & Xu, Z. (2012). Mechanical properties of graphene papers. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 60(4), 591-605.
Singh, V. P., Patel, S. K., Ranjan, A., & Kuriachen, B. (2020). Recent research progress in solid state friction-stir welding of aluminium–magnesium alloys: a critical review. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 9(3), 6217-6256.
Ma, Z. Y., Feng, A. H., Chen, D. L., & Shen, J. (2018). Recent advances in friction stir welding/processing of aluminum alloys: microstructural evolution and mechanical properties. Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences, 43(4), 269-333.
Meng, X., Huang, Y., Cao, J., Shen, J., & dos Santos, J. F. (2021). Recent progress on control strategies for inherent issues in friction stir welding. Progress in Materials Science, 115, 100706.
Naghshehkesh, N., Mousavi, S. E., Karimzadeh, F., Ashrafi, A., Nosko, M., Trembošová, V., & Sadeghi, B. (2019). Effect of graphene oxide and friction stir processing on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al5083 matrix composite. Materials Research Express, 6(10), 106566.
Khan, M., ud Din, R., Abdul Basit, M., Wadood, A., Wilayat Husain, S., Akhtar, S., & Aune, R. (2022). Effects of graphene nanoplatelets and boron carbide on microstructure and mechanical behaviour of aluminium alloy (Al6061) after friction stir welding. Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies, 8(3), 3148-3164.
Nathan, S. R., Suganeswaran, K., Kumar, S., Thangavel, P., & Gobinath, V. K. (2023). Investigations on microstructure, thermo-mechanical and tribological behavior of graphene oxide reinforced AA7075 surface composites developed via friction stir processing. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 90, 139-150.
Jeon, C. H., Jeong, Y. H., Seo, J. J., Tien, H. N., Hong, S. T., Yum, Y. J., ... & Lee, K. J. (2014). Material properties of graphene/aluminum metal matrix composites fabricated by friction stir processing. International journal of precision engineering and manufacturing, 15, 1235-1239.
Blanco Fernandez, J., Jimenez Macias, E., Saenz-Diez Muro, J. C., Caputi, L. S., Miriello, D., De Luca, R., ... & Carvajal Fals, H. D. (2018). Tribological behavior of AA1050H24-graphene nanocomposite obtained by friction stir processing. Metals, 8(2), 113.
Sharma, A., Sharma, V. M., & Jinu, P. A. U. L. (2019). A comparative study on microstructural evolution and surface properties of graphene/CNT reinforced Al6061− SiC hybrid surface composite fabricated via friction stir processing. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 29(10), 2005-2026.
Pouraliakbar, H., Jandaghi, M. R., Ghaffari, G., Fallah, V., Moverare, J., & Khalaj, G. (2024). Friction stir processing of AA6061-T6/graphene nanocomposites: Unraveling the influence of tool geometry, rotation, and advancing speed on microstructure and mechanical properties. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 1002, 175400.
Nazari, M., Eskandari, H., & Khodabakhshi, F. (2019). Production and characterization of an advanced AA6061-Graphene-TiB2 hybrid surface nanocomposite by multi-pass friction stir processing. Surface and Coatings Technology, 377, 124914.
Maurya, R., Kumar, B., Ariharan, S., Ramkumar, J., & Balani, K. (2016). Effect of carbonaceous reinforcements on the mechanical and tribological properties of friction stir processed Al6061 alloy. Materials & Design, 98, 155-166.
Sharma, A., Sharma, V. M., Mewar, S., Pal, S. K., & Paul, J. (2018). Friction stir processing of Al6061-SiC-graphite hybrid surface composites. Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 33(7), 795-804.
Prashantha Kumar, H. G., & Anthony Xavior, M. (2017). Effect of graphene addition and tribological performance of Al 6061/graphene flake composite. Tribology-Materials, Surfaces & Interfaces, 11(2), 88-97.
Seyed Pourmand, N., & Asgharzadeh, H. (2020). Aluminum matrix composites reinforced with graphene: a review on production, microstructure, and properties. Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences, 45(4), 289-337.