Effect of difference drying temperature on phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of Lithocarpus ceriferu
Abstract
The objective of this research was to investigate the impact of drying at various temperatures on the alterations in antioxidant activity and bioactive compounds of Makor (Lithocarpus ceriferus). The samples were dried by hot air drying at 40 degree celsius (ºC) and 80 ºC. It was found that the total phenolic content was in the range of 24.62-42.38 mg GAE/g db and the total flavonoid content was in the range of 0.89-1.16 mg RE/g db. The findings of the Makor drying experiment revealed the presence of 11 distinct phenolic acids, along with their respective quantities. These phenolic acids include gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, sinapic acid and gentisic acid. The analysis showed that the total phenolic acid content was 1,115.47 µg/g db. Through the analysis of flavonoid compounds, four flavonoids were identified in the samples. These flavonoids are rutin, myricetin, quercetin, and apigenin. Furthermore, the total flavonoid content was determined to be 367.48 µg/g db. However, kaempferol was not found in the samples. The results of the antioxidant activity showed that the FRAP assay was in the range of 18.20- 27.81 mgFeSO4/g db and the DPPH radical scavenging activity was in the range of 7.30- 9.03 mg Trolox/g db, respectively. Drying Makor at varying temperatures has been observed to have distinct impacts on the levels of chemical constituents. Specifically, high-temperature drying methods have been found to influence the content of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in Makor products.
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