Self-Adjusting Greenhouse System for Black Oyster Mushroom Cultivation Using Automatic CO2 Responsive Ventilation Control
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Abstract
This study aimed to develop an adaptive smart greenhouse system for oyster mushroom cultivation capable of automatically controlling ventilation based on carbon dioxide concentration. The system utilized a Non-Dispersive Infrared sensor integrated with a microcontroller and an Internet of Things (IoT) platform to collect real-time data and actuate the ventilation mechanism. Experiments were conducted in two identical mushroom houses: one without a ventilation system and another equipped with an automatic ventilation control system. A CO2 sensor was installed at the central position of each house to monitor the environmental concentration under actual cultivation conditions. Statistical analysis using a paired sample t-test revealed that the average CO2 concentration inside the greenhouse with automatic ventilation was 727.61 ppm, significantly lower than the 1,198.30 ppm measured in the unventilated house (p < 0.05) The system effectively reduced CO2 accumulation by approximately 39.3% and decreased the standard deviation from 348.8 ppm to 85.5 ppm, indicating over fourfold improvement in environmental stability. Time-series analysis showed that the system consistently maintained CO2 levels between 700–1,000 ppm, which is optimal for oyster mushroom growth throughout day and night cycles. These results confirm that the developed automated control system enhances environmental stability, reduces labor demand, and provides a reliable and sustainable solution for precision mushroom cultivation under the concept of smart agriculture.
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วารสารวิศวกรรมฟาร์มและเทคโนโลยีควบคุมอัตโนมัติ (FEAT Journal) มีกําหนดออกเป็นราย 6 เดือน คือ มกราคม - มิถุนายน และกรกฎาคม - ธันวาคม ของทุกปี จัดพิมพ์โดยกลุ่มวิจัยวิศวกรรมฟาร์มและเทคโนโลยีควบคุมอัตโนมัติ คณะวิศวกรรมศาสตร์มหาวิทยาลัยขอนแก่น เพื่อเป็นการส่งเสริมและเผยแพร่ความรู้ ผลงานทางวิชาการ งานวิจัยทางด้านวิศวกรรมศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยีพร้อมทั้งยังจัดส่ง เผยแพร่ตามสถาบันการศึกษาต่างๆ ในประเทศด้วย บทความที่ตีพิมพ์ลงในวารสาร FEAT ทุกบทความนั้นจะต้องผ่านความเห็นชอบจากผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิในสาขาที่เกี่ยวข้องและสงวนสิทธิ์ ตาม พ.ร.บ. ลิขสิทธิ์ พ.ศ. 2535
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