Publication Ethics

Publication Ethics of NKRAFA Journal of Science and Technology

1.Duties of Authors

1.1 Authors must certify that their submitted work is based on factual data derived from study and research, contains no fabricated data, and has not been falsified.

1.2 The submitted work must be original and must not have been previously published or disseminated elsewhere.

1.3 Authors must not plagiarize the work of others and must properly cite all sources when incorporating or referencing other people's work within their manuscript.

1.4 In the event that the journal discovers plagiarism, dual submission (submitting the manuscript to another journal simultaneously), or prior publication, the journal reserves the right to reject or retract the article, and will notify relevant parties and/or the authors' affiliated institution, depending on the severity of the case.

1.5 For research involving human participants or animals, authors must consider and certify compliance with human research ethics and/or other relevant research ethics standards.

2.Duties of Editors

2.1 Editors are responsible for reviewing and screening all submitted manuscripts to ensure their alignment with the journal's aims and scope, as well as maintaining manuscript quality throughout the evaluation and pre-publication process.

2.2 Editors must evaluate all manuscripts based strictly on academic and research merits without bias or discrimination concerning the authors' race, gender, religion, culture, political affiliation, or institutional affiliation.

2.3 Editors have the duty to manage the journal in accordance with its objectives and to continuously improve and develop the journal to maintain quality standards.

2.4 During the peer-review process, editors must maintain confidentiality and must not disclose information regarding the authors and reviewers to unauthorized third parties.

2.5 Editors must not publish their own papers in the journal to prevent any conflict of interest.

3. Duties of Reviewers

3.1 Reviewers must prioritize the quality of the manuscript, evaluate it based on academic and research principles without bias or personal opinions, and have no conflicts of interest with the authors.

3.2 Reviewers must have no conflicts of interest with the authors or other factors that would prevent them from providing an objective evaluation. If such a conflict exists, reviewers must notify the editor and decline the review assignment.

3.3 Reviewers must review manuscripts only within their fields of expertise, focusing primarily on the quality of the work and avoiding subjective opinions unsupported by academic or research evidence as evaluation criteria.

3.4 If a reviewer discovers any substantial similarity or overlapping between the manuscript under review and any other published work, they must promptly inform the editor.

3.5 Reviewers must complete the review within the timeframe stipulated by the journal and maintain the confidentiality of the manuscript details from unauthorized persons.

4. Research Ethics in Humans and Animals

4.1 For research involving human participants or animals, authors must provide certification details or proof of completion of human research ethics training (or both), including the date of certification (valid for no more than 2 years).

4.2 Authors must upload the PDF file of the ethics approval certificate along with the manuscript submission into the system for consideration.